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Condition: Spinal Cord Injury
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Total 1255 results found since Jan 2013.
An Updated Definition of Stroke for the 21st Century: A Statement for Healthcare Professionals From the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association AHA/ASA Expert Consensus Document
Despite the global impact and advances in understanding the pathophysiology of cerebrovascular diseases, the term "stroke" is not consistently defined in clinical practice, in clinical research, or in assessments of the public health. The classic definition is mainly clinical and does not account for advances in science and technology. The Stroke Council of the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association convened a writing group to develop an expert consensus document for an updated definition of stroke for the 21st century. Central nervous system infarction is defined as brain, spinal cord, or retinal cell deat...
Source: Stroke - June 24, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Sacco, R. L., Kasner, S. E., Broderick, J. P., Caplan, L. R., Connors, J. J., Culebras, A., Elkind, M. S. V., George, M. G., Hamdan, A. D., Higashida, R. T., Hoh, B. L., Janis, L. S., Kase, C. S., Kleindorfer, D. O., Lee, J.-M., Moseley, M. E., Peterson, Tags: AHA/ASA Expert Consensus Document Source Type: research
Delayed intramuscular human neurotrophin-3 improves recovery in adult and elderly rats after stroke
There is an urgent need for a therapy that reverses disability after stroke when initiated in a time frame suitable for the majority of new victims. We show here that intramuscular delivery of neurotrophin-3 (NT3, encoded by NTF3) can induce sensorimotor recovery when treatment is initiated 24 h after stroke. Specifically, in two randomized, blinded preclinical trials, we show improved sensory and locomotor function in adult (6 months) and elderly (18 months) rats treated 24 h following cortical ischaemic stroke with human NT3 delivered using a clinically approved serotype of adeno-associated viral vector (AAV1). Important...
Source: Brain - January 8, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Duricki, D. A., Hutson, T. H., Kathe, C., Soleman, S., Gonzalez-Carter, D., Petruska, J. C., Shine, H. D., Chen, Q., Wood, T. C., Bernanos, M., Cash, D., Williams, S. C. R., Gage, F. H., Moon, L. D. F. Tags: CNS Injury and Stroke Original Articles Source Type: research
Vertebrobasilar Territory Ischemic Stroke After Electrical Injury: Delayed Sequelae
Electrical injuries are of very common occurrence in India and can be rarely fatal. Usually most of the patients recover without any serious complications. Rarely, neurologic aftereffects have been observed in some survivors. These neurologic insults can occur as immediate or delayed manifestations and can affect the nervous system at various levels resulting in hemiplegia, aphasia, parkinsonism, choreoathetosis, and can also involve brainstem, spinal cord, peripheral nerves, and autonomic nervous system. The involvement of vertebrobasilar territory is a rare complication of electrical injury. We herein report a case of 55...
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - January 13, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Rajendra S. Jain, Pankaj K. Gupta, Rahul Handa, Kadam Nagpal, Swayam Prakash, Rakesh Agrawal Tags: Case Reports Source Type: research
Gait impairment in a rat model of focal cerebral ischemia.
Authors: Parkkinen S, Ortega FJ, Kuptsova K, Huttunen J, Tarkka I, Jolkkonen J
Abstract
The availability of proper tests for gait evaluation following cerebral ischemia in rats has been limited. The automated, quantitative CatWalk system, which was initially designed to measure gait in models of spinal cord injury, neuropathic pain, and peripheral nerve injury, is said to be a useful tool for the study of motor impairment in stroke animals. Here we report our experiences of using CatWalk XT with rats subjected to transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), during their six-week followup. Large corticostriata...
Source: Stroke Research and Treatment - December 2, 2014 Category: Neurology Tags: Stroke Res Treat Source Type: research
The evidence for prolonged muscle stretching in ankle joint management in upper motor neuron lesions: considerations for rehabilitation - a systematic review.
CONCLUSION: The review adds stronger understanding with regard to stretching considerations in rehabilitation following UMNs. The ideal approach, as well as the functional implications on motor performance are yet to be further studied.
PMID: 30477408 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation - November 26, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Bani-Ahmed A Tags: Top Stroke Rehabil Source Type: research
Urological disturbance and its neuroanatomical correlate in patients with chronic brainstem stroke
ConclusionsThe present study identified a relationship between chronic pontine stroke and detrusor underactivity. Thus, detrusor underactivity might be associated with lesions localized to central portions of the bilateral pons. The prevalence of lower urinary tract symptoms was also revealed to be high among patients with chronic brainstem stroke. Neurourol. Urodynam. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Source: Neurourology and Urodynamics - September 23, 2015 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Hye‐Sun Lee, Jeong Gue Choi, Joon‐Ho Shin Tags: Original Clinical Article Source Type: research
NG2-glia cell proliferation and differentiation by glial growth factor 2 (GGF2), a strategy to promote functional recovery after ischemic stroke.
Abstract
Stroke is the leading cause of adult disability. Spontaneous functional recovery occurs after ischemic stroke, but it is very limited. Therefore, it is urgent to find a strategy to promote functional recovery after stroke in clinical setting. Gray matter damage has received extensive attention owing to the important roles of the gray matter in synaptic plasticity, cognitive, and motor function. However, stroke also causes white matter damage, which accounts for half of the infarct volume and can be aggravated by blood brain barrier damage. Disruption of white matter integrity, which is characterized by de...
Source: Biochemical Pharmacology - November 17, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Li F, Liu WC, Wang Q, Sun Y, Wang H, Jin X Tags: Biochem Pharmacol Source Type: research
Therapeutics targeting Nogo-A hold promise for stroke restoration.
Abstract
Neurorestorative therapies for stroke aim to reverse disability by reparative mechanisms (rather than to thrombolyse or to neuroprotect). A substantial and persuasive body of pre-clinical evidence has come from the evaluation of antibodies against Nogo-A (a myelin-associated inhibitor of plasticity) in rat models of stroke. Particularly impressive is the benefit of this therapy in models of permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) when given to elderly animals after a one week delay, in adult rats with co-morbidities, and in adult rats when treatment is delayed by up to 9 weeks after stroke (alth...
Source: CNS and Neurological Disorders Drug Targets - February 4, 2013 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Kumar P, Moon LD Tags: CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets Source Type: research
Thinking outside the brain: Structural plasticity in the spinal cord promotes recovery from cortical stroke.
Abstract
Neuroanatomically connected regions distal to a cortical stroke can exhibit both degenerative and adaptive changes during recovery. As the locus for afferent somatosensory fibres and efferent motor fibres, the spinal cord is ideally situated to play a critical role in functional recovery. In contrast to the wealth of research into cortical plasticity after stroke, much less focus has previously been placed on the role of subcortical or spinal cord plasticity in recovery of function after cortical stroke. Little is known about the extent and spatiotemporal profile of spinal rewiring, its regulation by neur...
Source: Experimental Neurology - February 8, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Tennant KA Tags: Exp Neurol Source Type: research
Targeting Microglial Activation in Stroke Therapy: Pharmacological Tools and Gender Effects.
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is caused by critical reductions in blood flow to a part of brain or spinal cord. Microglia are the resident immune cells of the central nervous system, and they respond to stroke by assuming an activated phenotype that releases cytotoxic cytokines, reactive oxygen species, proteases, and other factors. This acute, innate immune response may be teleologically adapted to limit infection, but in stroke this response can exacerbate injury by further damaging or killing nearby neurons and other cell types and by recruiting infiltration of circulating cytotoxic immune cells. The microglial resp...
Source: Current Medicinal Chemistry - December 28, 2013 Category: Chemistry Authors: Chen Y, Won SJ, Xu Y, Swanson RA Tags: Curr Med Chem Source Type: research
Melatonin and Ischemic Stroke: Mechanistic Roles and Action.
Authors: Andrabi SS, Parvez S, Tabassum H
Abstract
Stroke is one of the most devastating neurological disabilities and brain's vulnerability towards it proves to be fatal and socio-economic loss of millions of people worldwide. Ischemic stroke remains at the center stage of it, because of its prevalence amongst the several other types attacking the brain. The various cascades of events that have been associated with stroke involve oxidative stress, excitotoxicity, mitochondrial dysfunction, upregulation of Ca(2+) level, and so forth. Melatonin is a neurohormone secreted by pineal and extra pineal tissues responsibl...
Source: Advances in Pharmacological Sciences - October 6, 2015 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Adv Pharmacol Sci Source Type: research
Sox9 knockout mice have improved recovery following stroke.
Abstract
The partial recovery that can occur after a stroke has been attributed to structural and functional plasticity that compensate for damage and lost functions. This plasticity is thought to be limited in part by the presence of growth inhibitors in the central nervous system. Blocking or reducing signals from inhibitors of axonal sprouting such as Nogo and chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) increases post-stroke axonal sprouting and improves recovery. We previously identified the transcription factor SOX9 as a key up-regulator of CSPG production and demonstrated that conditional Sox9 ablation leads t...
Source: Experimental Neurology - February 6, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Xu X, Bass B, McKillop WM, Mailloux J, Liu T, Geremia NM, Hryciw T, Brown A Tags: Exp Neurol Source Type: research
GSE128623 The spinal transcriptome after cortical stroke – In search of molecular factors regulating spontaneous recovery in the spinal cord
In this study, we provide insights into the molecular changes in the spinal cord tissue after large ischemic cortical injury in adult female mice, with a focus on factors that might influence the re-innervation process by contralesional corticospinal neurons. We mapped the area of cervical grey matter re-innervation by sprouting contralesional corticospinal axons after unilateral photothrombotic stroke of the motor cortex in mice using anterograde tracing. The mRNA profile of this re-innervation area was analyzed using whole-genome sequencing to identify differentially expressed genes at selected time points during the rec...
Source: GEO: Gene Expression Omnibus - April 30, 2019 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Tags: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing Mus musculus Source Type: research
Transplantation of human dental pulp-derived stem cells protects against heat stroke in mice.
In conclusion, post-WBH treatment with SHED reduced induction of pro-inflammatory cytokines and oxidative radicals, enhanced plasma induction of both adrenocorticotrophic hormone and corticosterone, and improved lethality in mice heat stroke. The protective effect of SHED may be related to a decreased inflammatory response, a decreased oxidative stress, and an increased hypothalamo-pituitaryadrenocortical axis activity following the WBH injury.
PMID: 24612725 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Cell Transplantation - March 7, 2014 Category: Cytology Authors: Tseng LS, Chen SH, Lin MT, Lin YC Tags: Cell Transplant Source Type: research
Transplantation of unique subpopulation of fibroblasts, Muse cells, ameliorates experimental stroke possibly via robust neuronal differentiation
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Source: Stem Cells - September 21, 2015 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Hiroki Uchida, Takahiro Morita, Kuniyasu Niizuma, Yoshihiro Kushida, Yasumasa Kuroda, Shohei Wakao, Hiroyuki Sakata, Yoshiya Matsuzaka, Hajime Mushiake, Teiji Tominaga, Cesario V. Borlongan, Mari Dezawa Tags: Regenerative Medicine Source Type: research
