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Exploring Stroke Risk Factors and Outcomes in Sexual and Gender Minority People
Discussion SGM people may have different risk factors, different mechanisms of stroke, and higher risk of recurrent stroke compared with non-SGM people. Standardized collection of sexual orientation and gender identity would enable larger studies to further understand disparities, leading to secondary prevention strategies.
Source: Neurology Clinical Practice - January 18, 2023 Category: Neurology Authors: Diaz, M. A., Rosendale, N. Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Neurosarcoidosis Presenting with Prominent Periventricular White-Matter Lesions during Steroid Treatment for Autoimmune Hepatitis
A 63-year-old woman under treatment of autoimmune hepatitis presented with headache, memory loss, and somnolence. Three months before admission, the patient experienced liver inflammation relapse after prednisolone (PSL) cessation. Consequently, PSL was resumed and then tapered. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) examination showed lymphocytic pleocytosis with remarkably reduced glucose and elevated angiotensin-converting enzyme and soluble interleukin-2 receptor levels. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed prominent bilateral periventricular white-matter lesions, hydrocephalus, ischemic stroke with gadolinium enhancement of f...
Source: Case Reports in Neurology - August 19, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention of Stroke in Transgender Adults
AbstractPurpose of ReviewTo identify the current state of science on stroke in transgender adults and highlight gaps in need of further research. We will review current research on cerebrovascular risk and disease, hormone therapy, and stroke in transgender individuals. Finally, we will provide a framework for healthcare providers to prevent and reduce disparities through inclusive care practices.Recent FindingsTransgender people experience unique stroke risk factors, secondary to both psychosocial stress and health-related behaviors. These include higher rates of HIV, tobacco use, stimulant use, and hepatitis C. The use o...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Neurology - July 11, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Stroke as a Neurological Complication of COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Incidence, Outcomes and Predictors
COVID-19 is a multi-system infection which predominantly affects the respiratory system, but also causes systemic inflammation, endothelialitis and thrombosis. The consequences of this include renal dysfunction, hepatitis and stroke. In this systematic review, we aimed to evaluate the epidemiology, clinical course, and outcomes of patients who suffer from stroke as a complication of COVID-19.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - December 15, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Isabel Siow, Keng Siang Lee, John J.Y. Zhang, Seyed Ehsan Saffari, Adeline Ng, Barnaby Young Source Type: research

Neurological complications of hepatitis C infections.
Abstract Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a highly prevalent systemic disease, which can cause a variety of neurological complications. The HCV-associated symptoms can be differentiated into central and peripheral nervous systems as well as the musculature. Important pathomechanisms are HCV-associated autoimmunity (e.g. mixed cryoglobulinemia with polyneuropathy) and direct neurotoxic effects of the virus (e.g. HCV-associated cognitive deficits). Distal symmetric polyneuropathies, small fiber neuropathies and cognitive deficits are the most prevalent neurological manifestations. Furthermore, HCV infe...
Source: Der Nervenarzt - September 30, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Kleefeld F, Arendt G, Neuen-Jacob E, Maschke M, Husstedt I, Obermann M, Schmidt H, Hahn K, Deutsche Gesellschaft für Neuro-AIDS und Neuro-Infektiologie (DGNANI) Tags: Nervenarzt Source Type: research

A 41-year-old female with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy after liver transplant
We report a patient who received liver transplantation due to liver failure resulting from autoimmune hepatitis and advanced PML presenting with aphasia. A 41-year-old female with a history of liver transplantation who received a usual immunosuppression regimen was admitted with a stroke attack resulting in right hemiplegia 2  months after liver transplantation. Surprisingly, she gradually developed dysarthria and left central facial paresis. A brain MRI showed an abnormal multifocal area with a high T2/flair signal in the deep subcortical white matter of the left hemisphere as well as the splenium of the corpus callosu m...
Source: Journal of NeuroVirology - May 27, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Neurological Involvement in Primary Systemic Vasculitis
Conclusion Neurological involvement is a common complication of PSV (Table 1), and neurologists play an important role in the identification and diagnosis of PSV patients with otherwise unexplained neurological symptoms as their chief complaint. This article summarizes the neurological manifestations of PSV and hopes to improve neuroscientists' understanding of this broad range of diseases. TABLE 1 Table 1. Common CNS and PNS involvements of primary systemic vasculitis. Author Contributions SZ conceived the article and wrote the manuscript. DY and GT reviewed and edited the manuscript. All authors ...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 25, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

The Paradoxical Protective Effect of Liver Steatosis on Severity and Functional Outcome of Ischemic Stroke
Conclusions: Our study shows that a higher burden of liver steatosis seems to be associated with less severe stroke and better functional outcome after ischemic stroke or TIA. Introduction Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a spectrum of diseases from simple steatosis to steatohepatitis with varying degree of fibrosis, and liver cirrhosis (1, 2). NAFLD is becoming the most common chronic liver disease worldwide including Korea, affecting approximately 25% of the general population (3, 4). NAFLD is closely associated with obesity, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes mellitus, and is even recognized as ...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 11, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Stroke Characteristics, Risk Factors, and Outcomes in Transgender Adults: A Case Series
Conclusions: Understanding unique vulnerabilities of the transgender community for cerebrovascular events is essential to provide culturally appropriate counseling for harm reduction.
Source: The Neurologist - March 1, 2019 Category: Neurology Tags: Case Report/Case Series Source Type: research

Purinoreceptors and VZV Vasculopathy (P1.263)
Conclusions:Overall, VZV infection caused a transient rise in extracellular ATP. Importantly, we found that aside from its known antiplatelet effects, P2Y12 antagonist clopidogrel also inhibits VZV infection, independent of downstream inhibition of glycoprotein IIB/IIIA, and may serve as an alternative antiviral therapy for VZV vasculopathy.Disclosure: Dr. Wyborny has nothing to disclose. Dr. Choe has nothing to disclose. Dr. Totaro has received personal compensation for activities with Bayer Schering Pharma, Biogen Idec, Merck Serono, Novartis, Sanofi-Aventis, and Teva as a speaker. Dr. Gerasimovskaya has nothing to discl...
Source: Neurology - April 17, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Wyborny, A., Choe, A., Traktinskiy, I., Gerasimovskaya, E., Gilden, D., Nagel, M. Tags: Genetic Stroke Syndromes, Biomarkers, and Translational/Basic Research Source Type: research

Management of Neurologic Manifestations in Patients with Liver Disease.
Abstract OPINION STATEMENT: Liver disease, both in its acute and chronic forms, can be associated with a wide spectrum of neurologic manifestations, both central and peripheral, ranging in severity from subclinical changes to neurocritical conditions. Neurologists are frequently consulted to participate in their management. In this review, we present an overview of management strategies for patients with hepatic disease whose clinical course is complicated by neurologic manifestations. Type A hepatic encephalopathy (HE), which occurs in acute liver failure, is a neurologic emergency, and multiple measures should b...
Source: Epilepsy Curr - June 19, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Ferro JM, Viana P, Santos P Tags: Curr Treat Options Neurol Source Type: research

Management of Neurologic Manifestations in Patients with Liver Disease
Opinion statement Liver disease, both in its acute and chronic forms, can be associated with a wide spectrum of neurologic manifestations, both central and peripheral, ranging in severity from subclinical changes to neurocritical conditions. Neurologists are frequently consulted to participate in their management. In this review, we present an overview of management strategies for patients with hepatic disease whose clinical course is complicated by neurologic manifestations. Type A hepatic encephalopathy (HE), which occurs in acute liver failure, is a neurologic emergency, and multiple measures should be taken t...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Neurology - June 16, 2016 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Reversible Cerebral Vasoconstriction Syndrome Presenting as Coma (P4.354)
Conclusions: RCVS rarely can present with coma and multifocal infarctions. Exact pathophysiology remains unknown but disruption of sympathetic tone and endothelial dysfunction have been implicated. A high index of suspicion is required to minimize disease complications and prevent improper withdrawal of care.Disclosure: Dr. Khan has nothing to disclose. Dr. Adcock has nothing to disclose.
Source: Neurology - April 3, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Khan, M., Adcock, A. Tags: Cerebrovascular Case Reports Source Type: research

Imaging of a Fatal Air Embolism from ERCP (P4.363)
CONCLUSIONS: Though most of the occurrences in relation to ERCP are portal venous air embolisms, which are absorbed spontaneously, serious and sometimes fatal complications have occurred including arterial air embolisms causing multiorgan damage including cerebral infarcts. Case history, pertinent imaging and pathological findings are discussed to bring awareness of this rare complication of ERCP and emphasize its early recognition. Disclosure: Dr. Jens has nothing to disclose. Dr. Lee has nothing to disclose. Dr. Ibrahimi has nothing to disclose.
Source: Neurology - April 3, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Jens, W., Lee, A., Ibrahimi, M. Tags: Cerebrovascular Case Reports Source Type: research

Upregulating the Expression of Survivin-HBXIP Complex Contributes to the Protective Role of IMM-H004 in Transient Global Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion
Abstract IMM-H004, a 3-piperazinylcoumarin compound derived from coumarin, has been proved effective against CA1 cell loss and spatial learning impairments resulting from transient global ischemia/reperfusion (TGCI/R), while the mechanism is still largely unknown. Here, we confirmed that treatment of rats with IMM-H004 immediately after TGCI/R ameliorated delayed neuronal death (DND) in the CA1 of hippocampus and cortex. Further study suggested that IMM-H004 contributed to the expression of antiapoptotic protein survivin through the activation of PI3K-dependent protein kinase B (PKB/Akt), which led to the phosphor...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - January 7, 2016 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

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