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Stroke as a Neurological Complication of COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Incidence, Outcomes and Predictors
COVID-19 is a multi-system infection which predominantly affects the respiratory system, but also causes systemic inflammation, endothelialitis and thrombosis. The consequences of this include renal dysfunction, hepatitis and stroke. In this systematic review, we aimed to evaluate the epidemiology, clinical course, and outcomes of patients who suffer from stroke as a complication of COVID-19.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - December 15, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Isabel Siow, Keng Siang Lee, John J.Y. Zhang, Seyed Ehsan Saffari, Adeline Ng, Barnaby Young Source Type: research

The Paradoxical Protective Effect of Liver Steatosis on Severity and Functional Outcome of Ischemic Stroke
Conclusions: Our study shows that a higher burden of liver steatosis seems to be associated with less severe stroke and better functional outcome after ischemic stroke or TIA. Introduction Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a spectrum of diseases from simple steatosis to steatohepatitis with varying degree of fibrosis, and liver cirrhosis (1, 2). NAFLD is becoming the most common chronic liver disease worldwide including Korea, affecting approximately 25% of the general population (3, 4). NAFLD is closely associated with obesity, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes mellitus, and is even recognized as ...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 11, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Exploring Stroke Risk Factors and Outcomes in Sexual and Gender Minority People
Discussion SGM people may have different risk factors, different mechanisms of stroke, and higher risk of recurrent stroke compared with non-SGM people. Standardized collection of sexual orientation and gender identity would enable larger studies to further understand disparities, leading to secondary prevention strategies.
Source: Neurology Clinical Practice - January 18, 2023 Category: Neurology Authors: Diaz, M. A., Rosendale, N. Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Stroke Characteristics, Risk Factors, and Outcomes in Transgender Adults: A Case Series
Conclusions: Understanding unique vulnerabilities of the transgender community for cerebrovascular events is essential to provide culturally appropriate counseling for harm reduction.
Source: The Neurologist - March 1, 2019 Category: Neurology Tags: Case Report/Case Series Source Type: research

Stroke in HIV-infected African Americans: a retrospective cohort study
Abstract The risk of having a first stroke is nearly twice as high among African Americans compared to Caucasians. HIV/AIDS is an independent risk factor for stroke. Our study aimed to report the risk factors and short-term clinical outcomes of African Americans with HIV infection and new-onset stroke admitted at the Johns Hopkins Hospitals (2000–2012). Multivariate linear regression was used to examine the association between potential predictors and odds of an unfavorable outcome, defined as a higher modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score on hospital discharge. African Americans comprised 105/125 (84 %) of HIV-inf...
Source: Journal of NeuroVirology - July 9, 2015 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention of Stroke in Transgender Adults
AbstractPurpose of ReviewTo identify the current state of science on stroke in transgender adults and highlight gaps in need of further research. We will review current research on cerebrovascular risk and disease, hormone therapy, and stroke in transgender individuals. Finally, we will provide a framework for healthcare providers to prevent and reduce disparities through inclusive care practices.Recent FindingsTransgender people experience unique stroke risk factors, secondary to both psychosocial stress and health-related behaviors. These include higher rates of HIV, tobacco use, stimulant use, and hepatitis C. The use o...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Neurology - July 11, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Neuroprotective effect of bicyclol in rat ischemic stroke: down-regulates TLR4, TLR9, TRAF6, NF-κB, MMP-9 and up-regulates claudin-5 expression.
Conclusions: Bicyclol has neuroprotective effect on cerebral ischemia, and this protection may be through down-regulating TLR4, TLR9, TRAF6, NF-κB, MMP-9 and up-regulating claudin-5 expression. PMID: 23850770 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Brain Research - July 10, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Zhang J, Fu B, Zhang X, Chen L, Zhang L, Zhao X, Bai X, Zhu C, Cui L, Wang L Tags: Brain Res Source Type: research

Association of hepatitis B virus infection with decreased ischemic stroke
ConclusionHBV was correlated with a reduced risk of AIS development. Although a decrease in AIS risk was noted in the patients with HBV, preventing the development of AIS in this population warrants further attention.
Source: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica - December 21, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: C.‐H. Tseng, C.‐H. Muo, C.‐Y. Hsu, C.‐H. Kao Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Purinoreceptors and VZV Vasculopathy (P1.263)
Conclusions:Overall, VZV infection caused a transient rise in extracellular ATP. Importantly, we found that aside from its known antiplatelet effects, P2Y12 antagonist clopidogrel also inhibits VZV infection, independent of downstream inhibition of glycoprotein IIB/IIIA, and may serve as an alternative antiviral therapy for VZV vasculopathy.Disclosure: Dr. Wyborny has nothing to disclose. Dr. Choe has nothing to disclose. Dr. Totaro has received personal compensation for activities with Bayer Schering Pharma, Biogen Idec, Merck Serono, Novartis, Sanofi-Aventis, and Teva as a speaker. Dr. Gerasimovskaya has nothing to discl...
Source: Neurology - April 17, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Wyborny, A., Choe, A., Traktinskiy, I., Gerasimovskaya, E., Gilden, D., Nagel, M. Tags: Genetic Stroke Syndromes, Biomarkers, and Translational/Basic Research Source Type: research

Neurological Involvement in Primary Systemic Vasculitis
Conclusion Neurological involvement is a common complication of PSV (Table 1), and neurologists play an important role in the identification and diagnosis of PSV patients with otherwise unexplained neurological symptoms as their chief complaint. This article summarizes the neurological manifestations of PSV and hopes to improve neuroscientists' understanding of this broad range of diseases. TABLE 1 Table 1. Common CNS and PNS involvements of primary systemic vasculitis. Author Contributions SZ conceived the article and wrote the manuscript. DY and GT reviewed and edited the manuscript. All authors ...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 25, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Management of Neurologic Manifestations in Patients with Liver Disease
Opinion statement Liver disease, both in its acute and chronic forms, can be associated with a wide spectrum of neurologic manifestations, both central and peripheral, ranging in severity from subclinical changes to neurocritical conditions. Neurologists are frequently consulted to participate in their management. In this review, we present an overview of management strategies for patients with hepatic disease whose clinical course is complicated by neurologic manifestations. Type A hepatic encephalopathy (HE), which occurs in acute liver failure, is a neurologic emergency, and multiple measures should be taken t...
Source: Current Treatment Options in Neurology - June 16, 2016 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Management of Neurologic Manifestations in Patients with Liver Disease.
Abstract OPINION STATEMENT: Liver disease, both in its acute and chronic forms, can be associated with a wide spectrum of neurologic manifestations, both central and peripheral, ranging in severity from subclinical changes to neurocritical conditions. Neurologists are frequently consulted to participate in their management. In this review, we present an overview of management strategies for patients with hepatic disease whose clinical course is complicated by neurologic manifestations. Type A hepatic encephalopathy (HE), which occurs in acute liver failure, is a neurologic emergency, and multiple measures should b...
Source: Epilepsy Curr - June 19, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Ferro JM, Viana P, Santos P Tags: Curr Treat Options Neurol Source Type: research

Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis may be associated with hepatitis B virus infection: a preliminary finding.
Conclusion: Hepatitis B virus infection may be a risk factor for CVST. PMID: 25591420 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Neurological Research - January 18, 2015 Category: Neurology Tags: Neurol Res Source Type: research

Reversible Cerebral Vasoconstriction Syndrome Presenting as Coma (P4.354)
Conclusions: RCVS rarely can present with coma and multifocal infarctions. Exact pathophysiology remains unknown but disruption of sympathetic tone and endothelial dysfunction have been implicated. A high index of suspicion is required to minimize disease complications and prevent improper withdrawal of care.Disclosure: Dr. Khan has nothing to disclose. Dr. Adcock has nothing to disclose.
Source: Neurology - April 3, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Khan, M., Adcock, A. Tags: Cerebrovascular Case Reports Source Type: research

Cerebral small-vessel disease associated with COL4A1 and COL4A2 gene duplications
A nonsmoking woman, aged 44 years, presented with transient right-sided hemiparesis. CT showed leukoencephalopathy without infarction (figure). Blood pressure was normal. Blood count, plasma glucose levels, C-reactive protein, renal/liver function tests, cardiac enzymes, atrial natriuretic factor, HIV/syphilis/hepatitis B and C serology, and lactic acid levels were normal. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels were slightly elevated (1.25 g/L). Screening tests for prothrombotic disorders (serum fibrinogen, D-dimer, fibrin degradation products, antithrombin III level, protein C and S level, factor V Leiden, proth...
Source: Neurology - September 8, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Renard, D., Mine, M., Pipiras, E., Labauge, P., Delahaye, A., Benzacken, B., Tournier-Lasserve, E. Tags: Stroke in young adults, MRI, All Cerebrovascular disease/Stroke, Infarction, All Genetics CLINICAL/SCIENTIFIC NOTES Source Type: research

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