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Source: Clinical Neurophysiology
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Total 347 results found since Jan 2013.
P186. Correlates to influence user performance in a hand motor rehabilitation task
The power of oscillatory EEG signal components has been related to attention or mental workload. Thus it may allow to decode and track mental states related to the performance of a user on a specific task. In motor rehabilitation after stroke, knowledge about suitable or impeding brain states may be informative enough to causally influence the training performance. A prerequisite for such real-time manipulation is the ability to decode ongoing EEG signals. Solutions are provided by the field of Brain–Computer Interface (BCI) systems.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - July 5, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Authors: S. Castaño-Candamil, A. Meinel, J. Reis, M. Tangermann Source Type: research
P174. Effects of left and right brain damage on anticipatory motor behavior during grasping and lifting with the ipsilesional hand
Behavioral studies in patients with left and right brain damage revealed the specialized function of both hemispheres in motor control. Recently, we investigated anticipatory grip force control in patients with stroke affecting the left or the right hemisphere during object lifting with the ipsilesional non-paretic hand. We found imprecise anticipation of grip force to the weight of everyday objects (like a carton with milk or a package of paper tissues) in patients with left brain damage while patients with right brain damage performed closer to normal.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - July 5, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Authors: J. Hermsdörfer, M. Bienkiewicz, N. Rohrbach, G. Buckingham Source Type: research
P153. Correlation of cortical inhibition and motor performance after mental training with the hand in patients after stroke
This study explored if mental practice targeting the hand modulates cortical excitability and improves function of the affected hand. Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) was used to measure changes in the duration of the cortical Silent Period (cSP) and to analyze the amplitudes of motor evoked potentials (MEPs).
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - July 5, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Authors: I. Büsching, A. Sehle, J. Liepert Source Type: research
P149. Suppression of LTP-like associative plasticity in the human SMA–M1 network by simultaneous tDCS
Excitability and connectivity in the human motor network comprising the supplementary motor area (SMA) and primary motor cortex (M1) are important for voluntary movement generation and rehabilitation of lost motor function after stroke. Previously, we demonstrated that paired associative stimulation of SMA and M1 (SMA–M1-PAS) by dual coil transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) may induce LTP-like plasticity in this network (Arai et al., 2011. J Neurosci 31:15376–83). Here, we tested the influence of simultaneous modulation of general network excitability by transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on associative...
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - July 5, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Authors: H. Faber, C. Zipser, J. Tünnerhoff, F. Müller-Dahlhaus, U. Ziemann Source Type: research
P59. Evaluation of representational deficits in neglect patients – Visual search patterns in two different bed side tests
Early diagnosis of different modalities in neglect after right hemisphere ischemic lesion and subsequent adequate therapy is crucial in regard to the clinical outcome (e.g. Buxbaum et al., 2004). Bed-side tests in the acute phase after stroke usually include only clinical examination and paper based cancellation tests (e.g. Ota search task, Bell‘s Cancellation). Additional testing such as recording of deficit in visual exploration by tracking of eye movements and standardized test for diagnosis of representational neglect have so far been only conducted in as non-bed-side tests in sub-acute or chronic stages (Isihai et al., 1989).
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - July 5, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Authors: S. Höfer, K. Nitschke, T. Bormann, C. Weiller, R. Umarova, L.-A. Beume Source Type: research
P12. Neural correlates of apraxia in mild dementia of Alzheimer’s disease – A voxel-based morphometry study
Apraxia is a neuropsychological syndrome with the hallmark of impaired imitation and/or pantomiming of gestures and postures despite normal motor function and comprehension. Whereas key brain regions for apraxia in patients with left-hemispheric stroke have been suggested, it is unclear whether similar areas contribute to praxis disturbances observed in Alzheimer’s disease (AD).
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - July 5, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Authors: A. Johnen, L. Brandstetter, H. Lohmann, T. Duning Source Type: research
Cooperative hand movements in post-stroke subjects: Neural reorganization
Bimanual tasks are assumed to require a specific form of interlimb coordination controlled by distributed neural networks, involving cortical and subcortical areas (Donchin et al. 1998; Kazennikov et al. 1999; Kermadi et al. 2000; Debaere et al. 2001; Swinnen 2002). Alongside these general control mechanisms, task-specificity of neural control seems to exist for different bimanual movements (Ohki and Johansson 1999; Bracewell et al. 2003; Wiesendanger and Serrien 2004; White et al. 2008; Alberts and Wolf 2009).
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - July 8, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Miriam Schrafl-Altermatt, Volker Dietz Source Type: research
Can low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation precipitate a late-onset seizure in a stroke patient?
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) therapy is being increasingly used in various neuropsychiatric conditions. Literature suggests accidental seizure induction as the most serious adverse effect of rTMS. Several incidents of seizure induction were reported prior to the advent of safety guidelines for TMS parameters (Wassermann, 1998; Rossi et al., 2009). But after the publications of updated safety guidelines (Rossi et al., 2009), only two cases of seizure induction have been reported where rTMS was used within the safety framework.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - July 23, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Nand Kumar, MV Padma Srivastava, Rohit Verma, Hina Sharma, Tamonud Modak Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research
Co-incidence or causality? Seizures after slow rTMS in stroke patients
Modulation of brain activity and excitability via non-invasive brain stimulation techniques is increasingly used for treatment of neurological and psychiatric diseases in the last years. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is the most intensively studied method in this field. The appeal of these techniques is that they alter basic physiological mechanisms relevant for clinical symptoms in many CNS diseases, i.e. pathological alterations of cortical excitability and activity. They allow a relatively targeted intervention, as compared to pharmacological therapy, and usually respective stimulation protocols are well tolerated.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - August 6, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Michael A. Nitsche Tags: Editorial Source Type: research
Transcranial direct current stimulation in patients with chronic hand motor impairment after stroke
This study investigated the combined effects of anodal tDCS and intensive motor training (MT) vs. sham stimulation with MT (control intervention) on grip strength, motor performance and functional use of the affected arm.A total of 14 patients were randomly assigned to active stimulation treatment or a control intervention in a double-blinded, sham-controlled, parallel design. Each group received intensive MT for 45min/day, 5days/week, for 2weeks, preceded by 20min of 2mA anodal tDCS over the ipsilesional M1 vs.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - August 9, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Authors: N.V. Ilić, S. Milanović, E. Dubljanin-Raspopović, U. Nedeljković, T.V. Ilić Source Type: research
Evoked potentials as predictors of adverse outcomes after intracranial vascular procedures
Neurophysiologic intraoperative monitoring (NIOM) as a discipline struggles with outcome study design because of the ethical prohibition against placing patients in harm’s way. Now that NIOM has gained general acceptance based upon certain outcome reports, case series, historical controls, animal literature, an understanding of the physiology, and community acceptance, one cannot reasonably justify classical randomized controlled scientific study designs that risk stroke or paraplegia in the unmonitored arm.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - October 10, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Marc R. Nuwer Tags: Editorial Source Type: research
Descending neural drives to ankle muscles during gait and their relationships with clinical functions in patients after stroke
Gait is a fundamental component of human daily life. Patients who have suffered central nervous system (CNS) lesions that impair descending motor pathways have difficulty walking independently (Dietz et al., 1995; Jørgensen et al., 1995; Rossignol, 2000). Thus, walking in humans depends on the integrated action of hierarchical levels of supraspinal and spinal neural control (Nielsen, 2003; Yang and Gorassini, 2006), within which the contributions of the primary motor cortex and corticospinal tract are particularly important (Barthélemy et al., 2011; Petersen et al., 2012).
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - November 3, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Ryosuke Kitatani, Koji Ohata, Yumi Aga, Yuki Mashima, Yu Hashiguchi, Masanori Wakida, Ayaka Maeda, Shigehito Yamada Source Type: research
Adult onset ictal aphasia with epileptic discharges in Broca’s and Wernicke’s areas
Aphasia can sometimes present with epileptic seizures, especially in temporal lobe epilepsy affecting the dominant hemisphere. Child-onset epilepsy with aphasia is known as Landau-Kleffner Syndrome (Caraballo et al., 2014), whereas adult-onset epilepsy presenting with aphasia is quite rare, as aphasia more often presents with stroke in adult patients. Here we describe a patient with adult-onset epilepsy exhibiting ictal aphasia, and whose epileptic discharges were detected by magnetoencephalography (MEG) in the motor and sensory speech areas.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - November 19, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Shin-ichi Tokushige, Yasuo Terao, Naohiro Uchio, Shoji Tsuji, Masato Yumoto Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research
ID 394 – Polarity independent suppression of long-term associative plasticity in the human SMA–M1 network by simultaneous tDCS
Excitability and connectivity of the supplementary motor area (SMA) and primary motor cortex (M1) are important for motor rehabilitation after stroke. Previously, we demonstrated that paired associative stimulation of SMA and M1 (SMA–M1-PAS) by dual coil transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) may induce STDP-like plasticity in this network. Here, we tested the influence of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on SMA–M1 plasticity.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - February 11, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Authors: H. Faber, C. Zipser, J. Tünnerhoff, F. Müller-Dahlhaus, U. Ziemann Source Type: research
ID 252 – Auditory startle reflex (ASR) in ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke
To evaluate the influence of cortical and subcortical vascular lesions on ASR.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - February 11, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Authors: S. Yagüe, M. Veciana, J. Pedro, P. Cardona, H. Quesada, H. Kumru, C. Flores, J. Montero, J. Valls-Solé Source Type: research
