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Source: Clinical Neurophysiology
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Total 347 results found since Jan 2013.
An automated and fast approach to detect single-trial visual evoked potentials with application to brain–computer interface
Brain–computer interface (BCI) is an emerging technology which can establish a pathway between the human brain and computers through recording and decoding brain activity (Wolpaw et al., 2002). Since the control of BCI system is directly based on the recorded brain activity without the involvement of neuromuscular system, it allows people who suffer from motor dysfunction or impairment (e.g., amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, brainstem stroke, and spinal cord injury) to communicate with the external world or control prosthesis (Vaughan et al., 2003).
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - April 10, 2014 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Yiheng Tu, Yeung Sam Hung, Li Hu, Gan Huang, Yong Hu, Zhiguo Zhang Source Type: research
A region-based two-step P300-based brain–computer interface for patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
The brain–computer interface (BCI) or brain–machine interface (BMI) is an interface technology that enables communication with others and control of the environment or of a prosthesis without any muscle movement (Wolpaw et al., 2002; Birbaumer and Cohen, 2007; Daly and Wolpaw, 2008). In this decade, the use of BCI technology has become widespread, mainly for preclinical research, due to technical and mechanical improvements, and new technology been designed to help individuals with severe neurological disabilities, especially motor difficulties such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), spinal cord injury (SCI), and cerebral stroke.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - March 24, 2014 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Shiro Ikegami, Kouji Takano, Kiyohiko Kondo, Naokatsu Saeki, Kenji Kansaku Source Type: research
Changes in diffusion tensor tractographic findings associated with constraint-induced movement therapy in young children with cerebral palsy
Constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT) involves the application of constraint applied to the unimpaired upper limb coupled with intensive training of unimanual skills in the hemiplegic arm (Hoare et al., 2007). CIMT has been studied extensively and found to be effective in the treatment of adult hemiparetic stroke (Sirtori et al., 2009). Several randomized clinical trials performed on children with cerebral palsy (CP) also demonstrated immediate gain in the frequency of use and improved movement efficacy of the impaired upper limb (Deppe et al., 2013; Hoare et al., 2007; Rostami and Malamiri, 2012).
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - March 18, 2014 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Jeong-Yi Kwon, Won Hyuk Chang, Hyun Jung Chang, Sook-Hee Yi, Min-Young Kim, Eun-Hye Kim, Yun-Hee Kim Source Type: research
Neurorehabilitation: From sensorimotor adaptation to motor learning, or the opposite?
In a recent editorial, Vasudevan (2014) argued that amplifying movement errors through sensorimotor adaptation can be an interesting way to improve walking post-stroke and more generally to develop new approach in neurorehabilitation. I would like to comment further this idea and to raise some key issues that should be addressed to complete this discussion.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - February 5, 2014 Category: Neuroscience Authors: François Bonnetblanc Tags: Letters to the Editor Source Type: research
Timing of motor cortical stimulation during planar robotic training differentially impacts neuroplasticity in older adults
Neurorehabilitation efforts have focused on intense structured interventions to promote neuroplasticity because stroke is a leading cause of long-term disability world-wide. Robotic rehabilitation devices assist massed practice of upper extremity movement at high repetition rates (Lo et al., 2010; Conroy et al., 2011). They can also be used to change the learning environment, e.g., provide assistance or resistance to the motor task or train new mappings for movement to environmental effect (Krebs et al., 1998; Stein et al., 2004; MacClellan et al., 2005).
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - September 15, 2014 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Crystal L. Massie, Shailesh S. Kantak, Priya Narayanan, George F. Wittenberg Source Type: research
Activity-dependent brain stimulation and robot-assisted movements for use-dependent plasticity
Functional restoration after stroke is an ongoing challenge even with intensive rehabilitation programs. In addition to traditional rehabilitation training, brain stimulation techniques have been explored to increase the excitability of the stimulated motor cortex and to augment the response to afferent input during motor exercises (Edwardson et al., 2013). Recent approaches examined single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) applied concurrently with voluntary movements for more specific and efficacious plasticity induction (Bütefisch et al., 2004, 2011; Thabit et al., 2010).
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - September 14, 2014 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Alireza Gharabaghi Tags: Editorial Source Type: research
A brain–computer interface for single-trial detection of gait initiation from movement related cortical potentials
Neurological conditions, such as stroke, spinal cord injury or Parkinson’s disease, often result in impaired motor control and consequent difficulty of the patient to perform activities of daily living. One of the goals of rehabilitation is to promote the patient’s independency with the aim of restoring the loss of movement ability.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - May 19, 2014 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Ning Jiang, Leonardo Gizzi, Natalie Mrachacz-Kersting, Kim Dremstrup, Dario Farina Source Type: research
An automated and fast approach to detect single-trial visual evoked potentials with application to brain–computer interface
Brain–computer interface (BCI) is an emerging technology which can establish a pathway between the human brain and computers through recording and decoding brain activity (Wolpaw et al., 2002). Since the control of BCI system is directly based on the recorded brain activity without the involvement of neuromuscular system, it allows people who suffer from motor dysfunction or impairment (e.g., amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, brainstem stroke, and spinal cord injury) to communicate with the external world or control prosthesis (Vaughan et al., 2003).
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - April 14, 2014 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Yiheng Tu, Yeung Sam Hung, Li Hu, Gan Huang, Yong Hu, Zhiguo Zhang Source Type: research
A region-based two-step P300-based brain–computer interface for patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
The brain–computer interface (BCI) or brain–machine interface (BMI) is an interface technology that enables communication with others and control of the environment or of a prosthesis without any muscle movement (Wolpaw et al., 2002; Birbaumer and Cohen, 2007; Daly and Wolpaw, 2008). In this decade, the use of BCI technology has become widespread, mainly for preclinical research, due to technical and mechanical improvements, and new technology been designed to help individuals with severe neurological disabilities, especially motor difficulties such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), spinal cord injury (SCI), and cerebral stroke.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - March 26, 2014 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Shiro Ikegami, Kouji Takano, Kiyohiko Kondo, Naokatsu Saeki, Kenji Kansaku Source Type: research
Changes in diffusion tensor tractographic findings associated with constraint-induced movement therapy in young children with cerebral palsy
Constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT) involves the application of constraint applied to the unimpaired upper limb coupled with intensive training of unimanual skills in the hemiplegic arm (Hoare et al., 2007). CIMT has been studied extensively and found to be effective in the treatment of adult hemiparetic stroke (Sirtori et al., 2009). Several randomized clinical trials performed on children with cerebral palsy (CP) also demonstrated immediate gain in the frequency of use and improved movement efficacy of the impaired upper limb (Deppe et al., 2013; Hoare et al., 2007; Rostami and Malamiri, 2012).
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - March 20, 2014 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Jeong-Yi Kwon, Won Hyuk Chang, Hyun Jung Chang, Sook-Hee Yi, Min-Young Kim, Eun-Hye Kim, Yun-Hee Kim Source Type: research
87. Anodal transcranial direct current stimulation of motor cortex does not ameliorates spasticity in multiple sclerosis
Spasticity is a common disorder and a major cause of a long-term disability in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCs) is a potential tool to improve motor deficits in several neurological disease and, recently, it has been proposed as effective in decreasing spasticity after stroke. To assess whether anodal tDCS is effective in modulating lower limb spasticity in MS patients. We performed a single-centre randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled study to investigate efficacy of anodal vs sham tDCs in 20 relapsing-remitting MS patients.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - December 13, 2014 Category: Neuroscience Authors: R. Iodice, F. Manganelli, L. Ruggiero, R. Dubbioso, L. Santoro Source Type: research
Behaviour of medial gastrocnemius motor units during postural reactions to external perturbations after stroke
The ankle plantarflexors are the main muscles controlling standing balance during anteriorly-directed sways (Di Giulio et al., 2009; Tokuno et al., 2007); this is often referred to as the “ankle strategy” (Winter et al., 1998). The medial gastrocnemius muscle has been suggested to be particularly active with anterior sways of increased magnitude (Di Giulio et al., 2009; Vieira et al., 2012) and gastrocnemius muscles have been shown to modulate with centre of mass (COM) velocity and anterior-posterior centre of pressure (APCOP) velocity and excursion during quiet stance (Gatev et al., 1999; Masani et al., 2003; Vieira et al., 2012).
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - December 29, 2014 Category: Neuroscience Authors: C.L. Pollock, T.D. Ivanova, M.A. Hunt, S.J. Garland Source Type: research
Behavior of medial gastrocnemius motor units during postural reactions to external perturbations after stroke
The ankle plantar flexors are the main muscles controlling standing balance during anteriorly-directed sways (Di Giulio et al., 2009; Tokuno et al., 2007); this is often referred to as the “ankle strategy” (Winter et al., 1998). The medial gastrocnemius muscle has been suggested to be particularly active with anterior sways of increased magnitude (Di Giulio et al., 2009; Vieira et al., 2012) and gastrocnemius muscles have been shown to modulate with centre of mass (COM) velocity and anterior–posterior centre of pressure (APCOP) velocity and excursion during quiet stance (Gatev et al., 1999; Masani et al., 2003; Vieira et al., 2012).
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - December 29, 2014 Category: Neuroscience Authors: C.L. Pollock, T.D. Ivanova, M.A. Hunt, S.J. Garland Source Type: research
Resting-state sensorimotor rhythm (SMR) power predicts the ability to up-regulate SMR in an EEG-instrumental conditioning paradigm
During instrumental conditioning of EEG activity (EEG-IC), participants receive feedback of a specific aspect of their brain signals (Lubar et al., 1995), e.g. feedback on the power of a certain frequency band. Desired patterns of EEG activity are rewarded by visual or auditory stimuli, thus enabling participants to modulate their brain activity by means of instrumental conditioning. EEG-IC training has been used to treat patients with disorders such as epilepsy (Sterman and Egner, 2006), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (Arns et al., 2009) and stroke (Doppelmayr et al., 2007), as well as in healthy participants (H...
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - February 6, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Johanna Louise Reichert, Silvia Erika Kober, Christa Neuper, Guilherme Wood Source Type: research
33. Intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring of brain perfusion during cardiac surgery in patients with asymptomatic internal carotid stenosis
Asymptomatic internal carotid (ICA) stenosis is one of documented risk factors of perioperative ischemic stroke (IS) in cardiac surgery. There is no strict consensus in benefit of prophylactic carotid endarterectomy (CEA) in asymptomatic ICA stenosis to reduce intraoperative IS. Median somatosensory evoked potentials (SEP) is reliable tool for intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring (IONM) of brain perfusion during CEA.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - February 13, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Authors: S. Ostrý, R. Tesařík, M. Leitgeb Source Type: research
