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Source: Clinical Neurophysiology
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Total 347 results found since Jan 2013.
The effect of optokinetic and galvanic vestibular stimulations in reducing post-stroke postural asymmetry
Improving balance after stroke is of crucial importance because its improvement is strongly correlated to higher patient autonomy and improved quality of life (QoL). The characteristics of postural disturbances following stroke, as observed on a force platform, are of increased sway and a lateral displacement of the centre of pressure (CP) toward the non-paretic limb (Pérennou et al 1997, Rode et al 1998). The lateral displacement of the centre of pressure toward the lesion side is more important in patients with right hemispheric lesion (RHL) and this is thought to partly explain the predominance of postural imbalance in...
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - May 22, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Authors: I.V. Bonan, E. Leblong, S. Leplaideur, B. Laviolle, S. Tassel Tonche, A.P. Yelnik Source Type: research
P109. Parietofrontal motor pathways and their association with motor function after stroke
A stroke results in widespread alterations of motor-related brain activity and interregional interactions in the sensorimotor network. Numerous studies have investigated the functional relevance of the primary motor cortices (M1) and predominantly frontal and prefrontal secondary motor areas. Only few studies focused on the functional role of the ventral premotor cortex (PMv) and the posterior parietal cortex (PPC) after stroke. Corticocortical interactions between M1, PMv and posterior parietal motor areas, such as the anterior (aIPS) and caudal intraparietal sulcus (cIPS) are relevant for skilled voluntary hand function.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - July 5, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Authors: P. Koch, R. Schulz, M. Zimerman, M. Wessel, M. Bönstrup, G. Thomalla, B. Cheng, C. Gerloff, F.C. Hummel Source Type: research
P108. The effect of task effort on recovery-related brain activity following motor stroke assessed with FMRI and EEG
Spontaneous recovery of motor deficits after stroke evolve at a rather unpredictable fashion regarding the time and extend of skill reacquisition (Langhorne et al., Lancet, 2011). Previous longitudinal studies investigating brain activity during recovery from hand motor deficits point to an early overactivation of the motor network with a decrease back to near normal patterns later after stroke (Rehme et al., Neuroimage, 2012). Since patients regain force and skill during recovery, changes in neural activation over time could be explained by a decreased relative task effort over time.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - July 5, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Authors: M. Bönstrup, R. Schulz, B. Cheng, J. Feldheim, G. Thomalla, F. Hummel, C. Gerloff Source Type: research
P105. Network dynamics engaged in the modulation of motor behavior in chronic stroke patients
Affected hand movements are associated with a successive increase of neural activity in both hemispheres in the first weeks after stroke, which then return to levels observed in healthy controls, particularly in patients making full motor recovery. Little is known about the changes of the interplay of brain regions that enable the modulation of motor performance after stroke. In healthy subjects, an important feature of faster hand movements is mediated by a more effective coupling between distinct cortical and subcortical motor areas.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - July 5, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Authors: E.-M. Pool, M. Kutscha, E. Binder, S.B. Eickhoff, G.R. Fink, C. Grefkes Source Type: research
V37. Interactions between primary and secondary motor areas for recovered hand functions after stroke
Goal oriented hand movements are the final product of complex interplay between multiple cortical regions of the frontoparietal cortex. Following stroke, recovery of function might be related to structural and functional modifications in the surviving brain networks. Strikingly, the ventral premotor cortex (PMv) plays a crucial role in the sensorimotor processing engaged in shaping finger movements and shares extensive reciprocal projections to the primary motor cortex (M1), making the PMv a promising structure involved in hand motor recovery after stroke.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - July 5, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Authors: M. Zimerman, S. Weide, M. Wessel, R. Schulz, J.E. Timmermann, M. Bönstrup, T. Morishita, P. Koch, C. Gerloff, F.C. Hummel Source Type: research
Symmetry of corticomotor input to plantarflexors influences the propulsive strategy used to increase walking speed post-stroke
Following stroke, the majority of survivors are unable to regain sufficient walking function to allow for ambulation at speeds that are safe and effective for community function and participation (van de Port et al., 2008). In addition to typically slower walking speeds compared to neurologically-intact individuals, persons post-stroke are left with a reduced capacity to increase walking speeds (van de Port et al., 2008). The ability to modulate walking speed is clinically meaningful because it underlies an individual’s capacity for safe and effective community function (Jonkers et al., 2009; van de Port et al., 2008).
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - December 12, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Jacqueline A. Palmer, HaoYuan Hsiao, Louis N. Awad, Stuart A. Binder-Macleod Source Type: research
Ascending vestibular drive is asymmetrically distributed to the inferior oblique motoneuron pools in a subset of hemispheric stroke survivors
Spasticity is a frequent and often disabling sequel to hemispheric stroke (Watkins et al., 2002; Urban et al., 2010; Wissel et al., 2013). It is characterized by a velocity-dependent increase in the resistance of a limb to passive stretch, coupled with exaggerated tendon jerks resulting from hyperexcitability of the segmental reflex arc (Dietz and Sinkjaer, 2007; Lance, 1980). The etiology of spasticity is complex, and while emerging evidence implicates changes in motoneuron excitability (i.e., decreased reflex threshold; spontaneous motoneuron firing at sub-threshold levels) as central to the genesis of post-stroke spasti...
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - February 5, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Derek M. Miller, James F. Baker, W. Zev Rymer Source Type: research
ID 290 – Differences in sleep microstate curves among healthy sleepers and patients after stroke
Sleep deprivation, whether from disorder or lifestyle, poses a significant risk in daytime performance. Ischemic stroke resulting in cerebral lesions is a well-known acute disorder that leaves affected patients strongly vulnerable to sleep disturbances that often lead to the above-mentioned impairments. The aim of this study is to identify objective sleep patterns being potential sources of disturbed sleep in stroke patients.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - February 11, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Z. Rošt‘áková, R. Rosipal Source Type: research
ID 430 – The value of the P300 event related potential in the ischemic stroke
So far, only little is known about the impact of stroke on Event Related Potentials. The aim of this prospective study was to follow-up P300 latencies and choice reaction time in stroke patients and evaluate their changes over a prospective 1-year follow-up period.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - February 11, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Authors: M. Dejanovic, V. Ivetic, V. Nestorovic, Z. Milanovic, M. Miric Source Type: research
Somatosensory and auditory startle reflex in patients with stroke and spinal cord injury
Somatosensory startle reflex (SSSR) was recently studied in healthy subjects. Following corticospinal tract lesions caused by stroke or spinal cord injury (SCI), auditory startle reflex (ASR) has been reported to enhance due to reorganization of circuits rostral and caudal to the lesion. To further understand changes in SSSR and ASR, we investigated both responses in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI) and stroke.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - February 11, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Authors: M.E. Kiziltan, M. Sohtaoglu, A. Gunduz, M. Bozluolçay, N. Uzun Source Type: research
Reply to “The usefulness of diffusion tensor tractography for estimating the state of corticobulbar tract in stroke patients”
Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is an advanced magnetic resonance imaging technique used to demonstrate the structural integrity of white matter tracts. DTI has a unique advantage in visualizing the neural fiber tracts in the proximity of cerebral infarction by use of constructing three-dimensional images of white matter fiber tracts (Mori and van Zijl, 2002). A diffusion tensor tractography (DTT) study by Dr Jang investigated the injury of the corticobulbar tract (CBT) in stroke patients with dysarthria, and suggested that the evaluation of the CBT using DTT provides important information in stroke patients with bulbar sym...
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - May 3, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Juan Du, Fang Yang, Xinfeng Liu Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research
The usefulness of diffusion tensor tractography for estimating the state of corticobulbar tract in stroke patients
The development of diffusion tensor tractography (DTT), which is derived from diffusion tensor imaging data, has enabled the reconstruction and estimation of the corticobulbar tract (CBT) in the live human brain (Mori et al., 1999). As a result, injury of the CBT following stroke could be estimated three dimensionally using DTT (Kwon et al., 2016). Several studies using DTT have reported on the detailed anatomical location of the CBT in the subcortical white matter, and this knowledge has enabled clinicians to presume injury of the CBT in stroke patients without DTT for the CBT (Pan et al., 2012; Yim et al., 2013).
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - May 3, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Sung Ho Jang, So Min Shin Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research
EP 5. Decrement of the effect of neuromuscular electrical stimulation over time in chronic stroke patients
Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) has been applied as one rehabilitative treatment option in stroke patients (Quandt and Hummel, 2014) and a meta-analysis recently showed its positive effects on motor recovery (Stein et al., 2015). One major challenge in stroke patients, especially severely impaired, is the opening of the hand due to extensor weakness accompanied by flexor spasticity. Here, NMES could provide assistance and substitute lost function. Studies in healthy controls have shown, however, that the rapid onset of muscle fatigue is a critical limitation for practical use.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - August 5, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Authors: F. Quandt, J. Feldheim, J.C. Loitz, D. Wolff, M. Rohm, R. Rupp, W.H. Krautschneider, F.C. Hummel Source Type: research
EP 3. Impact of energy expenditure and cognitive function on long- term outcome after stroke
Stroke leads to lesion-induced deficits like hemiparesis and aphasia. Furthermore patients suffer from low aerobic endurance and high energy expenditure of walking as well as from cognitive decline. Motor and Activity of daily living (ADL) rehabilitation might be negatively impacted by these factors. Here, our aim was to evaluate how (a) energy expenditure of walking and (b) cognitive function in the subacute phase after stroke correlate to long-term outcomes (gait speed, activities of daily life).
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - August 5, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Authors: T. Rackoll, C. Werner, A. Fl öel Source Type: research
EPV 19. Dissociable regions for recognition and execution of conceptual and spatio-temporal action characteristics in acute stroke patients
The ability to recognize and respond to actions performed by others is fundamental for a wide range of activities involving social interactions. However, despite an enormous number of functional imaging studies, a precise delineation of the brain regions crucial for distinct aspects of action recognition has remained elusive. Moreover, the degree of overlap between regions involved in active action performance is controversial.To elucidate these issues, 98 acute stroke patients (68 male, age meanSD, 6513 years) were examined in the acute period after stroke (meanSD 4.42 days after symptom onset).
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - August 5, 2016 Category: Neuroscience Authors: M. Martin, A. Dressing, L. Beume, T. Bormann, I. Mader, M. Rijntjes, C.P. Kaller, C. Weiller Source Type: research
