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Source: Clinical Neurophysiology
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Total 347 results found since Jan 2013.
Clinical and electrophysiological investigation of spastic muscle overactivity in patients with disorders of consciousness following severe brain injury
About a third of patients who underwent a stroke or a traumatic brain injury will develop upper motor neuron (UMN) syndrome with spastic muscle overactivity (SMO) (Wissel et al. 2010, 2013; Martens et al. 2018). This syndrome can occur following any central nervous system lesion involving the corticospinal tract and parapyramidal tracts along the cortex, brainstem and spinal cord. UMN syndrome is classically described with positive (e.g., SMO) and negative signs (e.g., muscle weakness, fatigability) (Thibaut et al.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - December 7, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Authors: G. Martens, T. Deltombe, M. Foidart-Dessalle, S. Laureys, A. Thibaut Source Type: research
Non-invasive brain stimulation in the modulation of cerebral blood flow after stroke: a systematic review of Transcranial Doppler studies
NIBS has been successfully explored as a biomarker and therapeutic adjunct for functional recovery after stroke. rTMS and tDCS are two such promising neuromodulatory techniques that have been widely investigated to prime the motor areas of the brain in combination with task-specific practice (Bastani et al., 2012, Hsu et al., 2012, Jodie et al., 2015, Le et al., 2014). Although these techniques have demonstrated modest efficacy, clinical translation is still limited as the underlying physiological mechanisms are not completely understood, nor is the inter-individual variability associated with these techniques resolved (L ...
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - October 24, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Pooja C Iyer, Sangeetha Madhavan Source Type: research
Activation of elbow extensors during passive stretch of flexors in patients with post-stroke spasticity
Spasticity affects up to 40% of individuals after stroke (Wissel et al., 2013). The most widely accepted definition of spasticity describes it as one component of a complex motor system disorder characterized by a velocity-dependent increase in stretch reflex excitability associated with exaggerated tendon jerks (Lance, 1980).
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - July 24, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Mindy F. Levin, John M. Solomon, Akash Shah, Andr éanne K. Blanchette, Anatol G. Feldman Source Type: research
Spasticity in adults with cerebral palsy and multiple sclerosis measured by objective clinically applicable technique
Spasticity occurs frequently following lesions of central motor pathways in neurological disorders such as stroke (Malhotra et al., 2009; Sommerfeld et al., 2012), spinal cord injury (Sheean, 2002), multiple sclerosis (MS) (Sinkjaer et al., 1993; Mayer, 1997) and cerebral palsy (CP) (Gracies, 2005). Spasticity is most commonly defined as a velocity dependent increase in muscle tone with exaggeration of the stretch reflex circuitry (Lance, 1980). However, in the clinic a somewhat broader understanding of spasticity, which also includes sustained muscle contractions such as spasms and spastic dystonia as well as alterations ...
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - July 15, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Tomofumi Yamaguchi, Tue Hvass Petersen, Henrik Kirk, Christian Forman, Christian Svane, Mathilde Kofoed-Hansen, Finn Boesen, Jakob Lorentzen Source Type: research
P28. The functional role of the anterior intraparietal sulcus for recovery of hand function in chronic stroke patients – A combined fMRI-TMS study
After stroke, neuroimaging studies frequently show increased activation of contralesional regions such as the primary motor cortex (M1) and the anterior intraparietal sulcus (aIPS) during movements of the impaired hand (Rehme et al., 2012). There is evidence that these areas may adopt either supportive or disturbing implications for motor control, depending on multiple factors, such as age, stroke severity, and lesion location (Di Pino et al., 2014). Importantly, previous research has mainly focused on investigating this question in the contralesional M1, while other areas involved in motor control, such as the aIPS have o...
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - July 10, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Authors: F. Lange, L. Hensel, C. Tscherpel, C. Grefkes Source Type: research
P7. EEG changes in a patient with intracerebral dilatative angiopathy and multiple intracerebral aneurysms – A case report
We report a case of a 76 year old female, who was referred to our hospital by her primary care physician with fatigue, dizziness, psychomotoric slowing and worsening of a known unilateral right palpebral ptosis.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - July 10, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Authors: A. Milby, R. Kollmar, I. Aroyo Source Type: research
PB10. Apraxic deficits in sub-acute right hemisphere stroke result from deficient allo-centric visuo-spatial processing
While visuo-spatial deficits are well characterized cognitive sequelae of right hemisphere (RH) stroke, apraxic deficits in RH stroke remain poorly understood. Likewise, very little is known about the association between apraxic and visuo-spatial deficits in RH stroke or about the putative common or differential pathophysiology underlying these deficits.Therefore, we examined the behavioral and lesion patterns of apraxic deficits (pantomime of object use and bucco-facial imitation) and visuo-spatial deficits (line bisection and letter cancellation tasks) in 50 sub-acute RH stroke patients.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - July 10, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Authors: S.D. Ubben, G.R. Fink, S. Kaesberg, E. Kalbe, J. Kessler, S. Vossel, P.H. Weiss Source Type: research
PB3. Pharyngeal Electrical Stimulation in neurointensive care patients suffering from severe post-stroke dysphagia – Post stimulation increase of salivary substance P level may indicate treatment success
Dysphagia is one of the most important and prognostically relevant complications of acute stroke. Pharyngeal Electrical Stimulation (PES) is a treatment device that enhances cortical reorganization for the restoration of swallowing function after cerebral injury. Furthermore, it was shown that PES leads to a temporary increase of Substance P (SP) level in saliva but not serum in healthy adults. The neuropeptide SP likely acts as a neurotransmitter in the pharyngeal mucosa and enhances the swallow and cough reflex.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - July 10, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Authors: P. Muhle, S. Suntrup-Krueger, S. Bittner, T. Ruck, I. Claus, T. Marian, J.B. Schr öder, J. Minnerup, T. Warnecke, S.G. Meuth, R. Dziewas Source Type: research
FV12. Development of a diagnostic index test for stroke as a cause of vertigo, dizziness and imbalance in the emergency room: First results from the prospective EMVERT trial
Identifying stroke as a cause of acute vertigo, dizziness and imbalance in the emergency room is still a clinical challenge. The aim of the EMVERT trial was to develop a diagnostic index test to identify patients with the high risk to have a stroke as the cause of the balance symptoms.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - July 10, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Authors: A. Zwergal, K. M öhwald, H. Hadzhikolev, S. Bardins, T. Brandt, M. Dieterich, K. Jahn Source Type: research
FV5. Tapping into neural resources of verbal communication may help overcome difficulties in speech-motor planning after stroke
Decades of research highlight the importance of formulaic expressions in everyday spoken language. Utterances of this linguistic category are, by definition, fixed in form and embedded in communicative-pragmatic context (e.g., ‘Thank you,’ ‘How are you?’ or ‘I’m fine’). A growing body of neuroscience evidence suggests that formulaic expressions engage, in particular, right-hemisphere cortical and bilateral subcortical neural networks (cf. Stahl and Van Lancker Sidtis, 2015). This may explain why left-hemisph ere stroke patients often suffer from impaired speech-motor planning, while they are still able to com...
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - July 10, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Authors: B. Stahl, A. Fl öel, B. Amelew, F. Regenbrecht, S.A. Kotz Source Type: research
P63. Detection of error potentials from EEG and MEG recordings and its value for BMI control
Brain-Machine Interfaces (BMIs) can help to regain communication and mobility in severely disabled persons. Especially spelling devices, rehabilitation of stroke patients and prosthesis control are fields of application. However, noninvasive BMIs, commonly using electroencephalography (EEG), suffer from poor signal quality, resulting in erroneous commands. In order to detect such erroneous commands, error potentials (ErrPs) generated in the brain after a user perceived a negative feedback can be decoded.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - July 10, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Authors: C. Reichert, N. Heinze, T. Pfeiffer, S. D ürschmid, H. Hinrichs Source Type: research
P60. Direct and long term influence of cardiovascular training on cognition in subacute stroke patients
Rehabilitation of cognitive deficits has been voted ‘#1 research priority’ for patients suffering from stroke (Saunders et al., 2014). Aerobic fitness training may modulate cognitive performance either by enhancing neuroplasticity or by increasing brain oxygenation. The majority of studies in this area have focused on motor function; its effect o n cognitive performance is not well understood yet. The current study therefore aims to evaluate the influence of aerobic fitness intervention on cognitive functions in subacute stroke patients, and tries to elucidate the mechanisms underlying this effect.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - July 10, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Authors: T. Rackoll, A. Nave, U. Grittner, H. Mousa, K. Villringer, M. Ebinger, A. Fl öel Source Type: research
Visual Rehabilitation Training Alters Attentional Networks in Hemianopia: an fMRI study
Post-geniculate damage of the visual system leads to homonymous hemianopia which affects about 30% or more of all cases of stroke or brain trauma (Pambakian et al. , 1997). Hemianopia greatly reduces quality of life, affecting reading, driving and spatial navigating of patients (Das et al. , 2010). Several strategies for visual field restoration have been introduced (for review see Sabel et al. (2011)). For example, Kasten et al. (1998) showed that patients trained with light detection tasks in areas of residual vision (ARV) had significantly enlarged visual fields.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - July 2, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Qilin Lu, Xiaoxiao Wang, Lin Li, Bensheng Qiu, Shihui Wei, Bernhard A. Sabel, Yifeng Zhou Source Type: research
Quantitative EEG and functional outcome following acute ischemic stroke
Stroke is a leading cause of disability and mortality worldwide, and despite advances in disease prevention, acute treatment and rehabilitation, global stroke burden is expected to rise in the future (Feigin et al. 2017). Early post-stroke prognostication is essential both in the short-term (f. ex. in guiding treatment strategies) and in the long-term (to aid in rehabilitation management, in order to improve recovery and minimize disability). Predictors of stroke disability and associate death consistently include age and clinical / imaging related stroke severity (Adams et al.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - June 15, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Carla Bentes, Ana Rita Peralta, Pedro Viana, Hugo Martins, Carlos Morgado, Carlos Casimiro, Ana Catarina Franco, Ana Catarina Fonseca, Ruth Geraldes, Patr ícia Canhão, Teresa Pinho e Melo, Teresa Paiva, José M Ferro Source Type: research
Diagnostic Value of Somatosensory Evoked Potential Changes During Carotid Endarterectomy for 30-Day Perioperative Stroke
Carotid Endarterectomy (CEA) is a standard surgical treatment in the secondary prevention of stroke performed in patients with both symptomatic and asymptomatic carotid stenosis (CS)(Malcharek et al. 2013), (Pennekamp et al. 2011), (Pulli et al. 2002), (Reinert et al. 2012). CEA is shown to benefit symptomatic and asymptomatic patients, when compared to medical management alone in the short term and long term due to decreased stroke. (Akhmedov et al. 2013), (Baton et al. 2007), (Floriani et al. 1989), (Hartmann et al.
Source: Clinical Neurophysiology - June 13, 2018 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Rajiv P. Reddy, Indraneel S. Brahme, Tejas Karnati, Jeffrey Balzer, Donald J. Crammond, Katherine Anetakis, Parthasarathy D. Thirumala Source Type: research
