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Drug: Acetylcysteine
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Total 28 results found since Jan 2013.

Ischemic stroke disrupts the endothelial glycocalyx through activation of proHPSE via acrolein exposure Molecular Bases of Disease
In this study, glycosaminoglycans, a component of the endothelial glycocalyx, were studied in the context of ischemic stroke using a photochemically induced thrombosis mouse model. Decreased levels of heparan sulfate and chondroitin sulfate and increased activity of hyaluronidase 1 and heparanase (HPSE) were observed in ischemic brain tissues. HPSE expression in cerebral vessels increased after stroke onset and infarct volume greatly decreased after co-administration of N-acetylcysteine + glycosaminoglycan oligosaccharides as compared with N-acetylcysteine administration alone. These results suggest that the endothelial gl...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - December 25, 2020 Category: Chemistry Authors: Kenta Ko, Takehiro Suzuki, Ryota Ishikawa, Natsuko Hattori, Risako Ito, Kenta Umehara, Tomomi Furihata, Naoshi Dohmae, Robert J. Linhardt, Kazuei Igarashi, Toshihiko Toida, Kyohei Higashi Tags: Glycobiology and Extracellular Matrices Source Type: research

The Effect of Ethyl Pyruvate and N-Acetylcysteine on Ischemia Reperfusion Injury in an Experimental Model of Ischemic Stroke
Reperfusion therapies play an important role in early-period treatment of patients presenting to the emergency department due to stroke. However, the ischemia–reperfusion injury that may occur with reperfusion must then be considered. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and ethyl pyruvate in preventing ischemia–reperfusion injury.
Source: The American Journal of Emergency Medicine - June 4, 2016 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Turkmen Suha, Cekic Gonenc Ozgen, Karaca Yunus, Mentese Ahmet, Demir Selim, Beyhun Ercument, Sahin Aynur, Gunduz Abdulkadir, Yulug Esin, Turedi Suleyman Source Type: research

The effect of ethyl pyruvate and N-acetylcysteine on ischemia-reperfusion injury in an experimental model of ischemic stroke
Reperfusion therapies play an important role in early-period treatment for patients presenting to the emergency department due to stroke. However, the ischemia-reperfusion injury that may occur with reperfusion must then be considered. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and ethyl pyruvate in preventing ischemia-reperfusion injury.
Source: The American Journal of Emergency Medicine - June 4, 2016 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Suha Turkmen, Ozgen Cekic Gonenc, Yunus Karaca, Ahmet Mentese, Selim Demir, Ercument Beyhun, Aynur Sahin, Abdulkadir Gunduz, Esin Yulug, Suleyman Turedi Source Type: research

Protective Effects of Brain Infarction by N-Acetylcysteine Derivatives Basic Sciences
Conclusions—The results indicate that detoxification of acrolein by NAC derivatives is caused through glutathione conjugation with acrolein catalyzed by glutathione S-transferases, which can be stabilized by NAC derivatives. This is a new concept of acrolein detoxification by NAC derivatives.
Source: Stroke - June 25, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Takeshi Uemura, Kenta Watanabe, Kenta Ko, Kyohei Higashi, Noriyuki Kogure, Mariko Kitajima, Hiromitsu Takayama, Koichi Takao, Yoshiaki Sugita, Akihiko Sakamoto, Yusuke Terui, Toshihiko Toida, Keiko Kashiwagi, Kazuei Igarashi Tags: Animal Models of Human Disease, Ischemia, Oxidant Stress, Ischemic Stroke Original Contributions Source Type: research

Preventing necroptosis by scavenging ROS production alleviates heat stress-induced intestinal injury.
Conclusion: This study provides strong evidence that HS causes damage to both the small intestine and intestinal epithelial cells, scavenging ROS production can significantly alleviate such RIPK1/RIPK3-dependent necroptosis, mediating HS-induced intestinal damage both in vitro and in vivo. These findings provide a clear target for future mechanism-based therapeutic strategies for patients diagnosed with heat stroke. PMID: 32423248 [PubMed - in process]
Source: International Journal of Hyperthermia - May 21, 2020 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Int J Hyperthermia Source Type: research

Potent Thrombolytic Effect of N-Acetylcysteine on Arterial Thrombi.
Conclusions -We provide evidence that NAC is an effective and safe alternative to currently available antithrombotic agents to restore vessel patency after arterial occlusion. PMID: 28487393 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Circulation - May 9, 2017 Category: Cardiology Authors: Martinez de Lizarrondo S, Gakuba C, Herbig BA, Repessé Y, Ali C, Denis CV, Lenting P, Touzé E, Diamond SL, Vivien D, Gauberti M Tags: Circulation Source Type: research

Fine particulate matter exposure aggravates ischemic injury via NLRP3 inflammasome activation and pyroptosis
CONCLUSION: These results suggested that PM2.5 exposure triggered the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and pyroptosis under ischemic conditions, which may be mediated by increased ROS production after ischemic stroke. These findings may provide a more enhanced understanding of the interplay between PM2.5 and neuroinflammation and cell death, and reveal a novel mechanism of PM2.5-mediated toxic effects after ischemic stroke.PMID:35403328 | DOI:10.1111/cns.13837
Source: CNS Neuroscience and Therapeutics - April 11, 2022 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Li Gao Jie-Xing Qin Jian-Quan Shi Teng Jiang Fei Wang Chong Xie Qing Gao Nan Zhi Qing Dong Yang-Tai Guan Source Type: research

Different effects of arginine vasopressin on high‐mobility group box 1 expression in astrocytes isolated from stroke‐prone spontaneously hypertensive rats and congenic SHRpch1_18 rats
Summary Stroke‐prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP/Izm) develop severe hypertension and astrocytic oedema following ischaemic stimulation. During ischaemic stress high‐mobility group box 1 (Hmgb1) expression in astrocytes is induced, and subsequently potentiates deterioration of the brain due to ischaemic injury, which manifests as both cerebral inflammation and astrocytic oedema. Arginine vasopressin (AVP) induces brain injury and increases astrocytic swelling. After stroke, Hmgb1 and peroxiredoxin (Prx) are released at different times and activate macrophages in the brain via Toll‐like receptors (Tlr2s). T...
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - April 28, 2016 Category: Pathology Authors: Kazuo Yamagata, Natumi Sone, Sari Suguyama, Toru Nabika Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Different effects of arginine vasopressin on high ‐mobility group box 1 expression in astrocytes isolated from stroke‐prone spontaneously hypertensive rats and congenic SHRpch1_18 rats
Summary Stroke‐prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP/Izm) develop severe hypertension and astrocytic oedema following ischaemic stimulation. During ischaemic stress high‐mobility group box 1 (Hmgb1) expression in astrocytes is induced, and subsequently potentiates deterioration of the brain due to ischaemic injury, which manifests as both cerebral inflammation and astrocytic oedema. Arginine vasopressin (AVP) induces brain injury and increases astrocytic swelling. After stroke, Hmgb1 and peroxiredoxin (Prx) are released at different times and activate macrophages in the brain via Toll‐like receptors (Tlr2s). T...
Source: International Journal of Experimental Pathology - April 28, 2016 Category: Pathology Authors: Kazuo Yamagata, Natumi Sone, Sari Suguyama, Toru Nabika Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Sirt1-ROS-TRAF6 Signaling-Induced Pyroptosis Contributes to Early Injury in Ischemic Mice
In this study, we evaluated the inflammatory reactions induced by acute ischemia and found that pyroptosis occurred after acute ischemia bothin vivo andin vitro, as determined by interleukin-1 β, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein, and caspase-1. The early inflammation resulted in irreversible ischemic injury, indicating that it deserves thorough investigation. Meanwhile, acute ischemia decreased the Sirtuin 1 (Sirt1) protein levels, and increased the TRAF6 (TNF receptor associated factor 6) protein and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. In further exploration, both Sirt1 suppression and TRAF6 activation were foun...
Source: Neuroscience Bulletin - April 5, 2020 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Neuroprotective Effect of Phthalide Derivative CD21 against Ischemic Brain Injury:Involvement of MSR1 Mediated DAMP peroxiredoxin1 Clearance and TLR4 Signaling Inhibition
This study investigated the effects of the phthalide derivative CD21 on ischemic brain injury and the mechanism underlying MSR1-induced resolution of neuroinflammation. Using a rat model of 2  h transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), MSR1-induced peroxiredoxin1 (PRX1) clearance in RAW264.7 macrophages were investigated. We show here that CD21 significantly ameliorated infarct volumes and neurological deficits in a dose-dependent manner with a ≥ 12 h therapeutic time w indow. Moreover, administration of 5 mg/kg/day CD21 over 24 h significantly reduced pathological damages, with associated inhibition of...
Source: Journal of NeuroImmune Pharmacology - April 13, 2020 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Is Aberrant Reno-Renal Reflex Control of Blood Pressure a Contributor to Chronic Intermittent Hypoxia-Induced Hypertension?
This study demonstrated unaltered vascular conductance in response to lumbar sympathetic stimulation in CIH-exposed rats. Aortic compliance was increased and estimated blood volume was unchanged in CIH-exposed rats. Increased blood pressure was related to an increase in cardiac output, which was confirmed by echocardiography (Lucking et al., 2014). It is suggested therefore that hypertension in the CIH model can be evoked by over-excitation of the cardiac arm of sympathetic nervous system (SNS), even before mechanisms of enhanced peripheral vasoconstriction and endothelial dysfunction are initiated (Naghshin et al., 2009)....
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 23, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Glutamate transporters in brain ischemia: to modulate or not?
Abstract In this review, we briefly describe glutamate (Glu) metabolism and its specific transports and receptors in the central nervous system (CNS). Thereafter, we focus on excitatory amino acid transporters, cystine/glutamate antiporters (system xc-) and vesicular glutamate transporters, specifically addressing their location and roles in CNS and the molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of Glu transporters. We provide evidence from in vitro or in vivo studies concerning alterations in Glu transporter expression in response to hypoxia or ischemia, including limited human data that supports the role of ...
Source: Acta Pharmacologica Sinica - March 31, 2014 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Krzyżanowska W, Pomierny B, Filip M, Pera J Tags: Acta Pharmacol Sin Source Type: research

Circulating tumor necrosis factor receptors 1 and 2 predict contrast‐induced nephropathy and progressive renal dysfunction: a prospective cohort study
ConclusionMarkedly elevated concentrations of circulating TNFRs were correlated with the occurrence of CIN and significantly associated with prolonged renal dysfunction regardless of the development of CIN.
Source: Nephrology - March 1, 2015 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Jung Nam An, Kyung Don Yoo, Jin Ho Hwang, Hack‐Lyoung Kim, Sang‐Hyun Kim, Seung Hee Yang, Jin Hyuk Kim, Dong Ki Kim, Yun Kyu Oh, Yon Su Kim, Chun Soo Lim, Jung Pyo Lee Tags: Original Article Source Type: research