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Rare stroke mechanisms in 4154 consecutive patients: causes, predictors, treatment, and outcomes
CONCLUSIONS: RMS occurred in 5.3% of a large population of consecutive AISs and are most frequently related to medical interventions, cancer, and vasculitis. RMS patients have less traditional risk factors but more systemic comorbidities, hemorrhagic transformations, recurrences, and a worse long-term outcome. Identification of RMS has direct implications for early treatment and long-term outcome.PMID:35994133 | DOI:10.1007/s10072-022-06344-w
Source: Cancer Control - August 22, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Alex Vicino Gaia Sirimarco Ashraf Eskandari Dimitris Lambrou Philippe Maeder Vincent Dunet Patrik Michel Source Type: research

ASPECT Score and Its Application to Vasospasm in Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Haemorrhage: a Case –Control Study
AbstractDelayed cerebral ischaemia (DCI) is a significant complication of aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (aSAH) and is strongly associated with poorer outcome. The Alberta Stroke Program Early Computer Tomography (ASPECT) score is an established scoring tool, used in acute ischaemic stroke, to quantify early ischaemic changes on CT head scans. We aim to identify if ASPECT scoring correlates with functional outcome in DCI following aSAH. Retrospective case –control study. Inclusion criteria: admission to the Department of Neurosurgery at Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust (a tertiary neurosurgical centre in the Unite...
Source: Translational Stroke Research - August 9, 2022 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

End-of-Life Care Decision-Making in Stroke
Stroke is one of the leading causes of death and long-term disability in the United States. Though advances in interventions have improved patient survival after stroke, prognostication of long-term functional outcomes remains challenging, thereby complicating discussions of treatment goals. Stroke patients who require intensive care unit care often do not have the capacity themselves to participate in decision making processes, a fact that further complicates potential end-of-life care discussions after the immediate post-stroke period. Establishing clear, consistent communication with surrogates through shared decision-m...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - September 28, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Neurological complications of hepatitis C infections.
Abstract Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a highly prevalent systemic disease, which can cause a variety of neurological complications. The HCV-associated symptoms can be differentiated into central and peripheral nervous systems as well as the musculature. Important pathomechanisms are HCV-associated autoimmunity (e.g. mixed cryoglobulinemia with polyneuropathy) and direct neurotoxic effects of the virus (e.g. HCV-associated cognitive deficits). Distal symmetric polyneuropathies, small fiber neuropathies and cognitive deficits are the most prevalent neurological manifestations. Furthermore, HCV infe...
Source: Der Nervenarzt - September 30, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Kleefeld F, Arendt G, Neuen-Jacob E, Maschke M, Husstedt I, Obermann M, Schmidt H, Hahn K, Deutsche Gesellschaft für Neuro-AIDS und Neuro-Infektiologie (DGNANI) Tags: Nervenarzt Source Type: research

Neuron-Specific Markers and their Correlation with Neurological Scales in Patients with Acute Neuropathologies
AbstractIn predicting outcomes in patients with acute brain injury, current practice focuses special attention on neuron-specific proteins that reliably reflect the severity of the lesion. Further studies of molecular markers and their specificity and sensitivity could contribute to broadening the understanding of pathophysiological, diagnostic, and prognostic methods, which is vital to reducing the mortality and disability associated with these critical conditions. The purpose of this study was to assess the biomarkers of brain lesions and their correlative relations with the integral Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) and National...
Source: Journal of Molecular Neuroscience - April 28, 2020 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Using Dental Pulp Stem Cells for Stroke Therapy
Conclusion and Future Perspectives Stem cell-based therapy is a promising alternative for stroke treatment. While stem cells from different sources, including induced PSC, ESC, MSC, and NSC, have been investigated, using NSC and enhancing the natural mechanisms is most appropriate for brain repair. In preclinical models of stroke, stem cell transplantation has led to positive outcomes through a variety of cellular and molecular mechanisms, many being mediated by the array of beneficial factors produced by the cells. Recent advances in cellular reprogramming have provided alternative sources of NSC to be investigated, allo...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 28, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Superbugs, Anti-Vaxxers Make WHO ’ s List Of 10 Global Health Threats
(CNN) — From climate change to superbugs, the World Health Organization has laid out 10 big threats to our global health in 2019. And unless these threats get addressed, millions of lives will be in jeopardy. Here’s a snapshot of 10 urgent health issues, according to the United Nations’ public health agency: Not vaccinating when you can One of the most controversial recent health topics in the US is now an international concern. “Vaccine hesitancy — the reluctance or refusal to vaccinate despite the availability of vaccines — threatens to reverse progress made in tackling vaccine-prevent...
Source: WBZ-TV - Breaking News, Weather and Sports for Boston, Worcester and New Hampshire - January 21, 2019 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Health – CBS Boston Tags: Health News CNN Local TV Source Type: news

Autophagy after subarachnoid hemorrhage: Can cell death be good?
Abstract Autophagy is a prosurvival, reparative process that maintains cellular homeostasis through lysosomal degradation of selected cytoplasmic components and programmed death of old, dysfunctional, or unnecessary cytoplasmic entities. According to growing evidence, autophagy shows beneficial effects following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). SAH is considered one of the most devastating forms of stroke. Though autophagy is prosurvival and aids in repair, deregulated or excessive autophagy results in increased cell death, more brain injury, and worse outcome. The aim of this review lies in revealing the pathophysi...
Source: Current Neuropharmacology - November 23, 2017 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Ho WM, Akyol O, Reis H, Reis C, McBride D, Thome C, Zhang J Tags: Curr Neuropharmacol Source Type: research

Incidence of Stroke in the US Centers for AIDS Research (CFAR) Network of Integrated Clinical Systems (CNICS) Cohort (S51.008)
Conclusions:In this large study of neurologist adjudicated stroke in a HIV cohort, the AS stroke incidence rate was 337.7. The stroke rate was higher in women, African-Americans and older ages. These incidence data, combined with additional risk factor analyses, and comparisons with non-HIV cohorts, will allow better understanding of stroke in HIV, with the ultimate goal of improved outcomes.Study Supported by: NIAID, NHLBI (5R24AI067039) and AHA (13GRNT14560022)Disclosure: Dr. Tirschwell has received research support from St. Jude Medical and Bayer. Dr. Chow has nothing to disclose. Dr. Becker has received personal compen...
Source: Neurology - April 17, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Tirschwell, D., Chow, F., Becker, K., Marra, C., Zunt, J., Ho, E., Kalani, R., Huffer, A., Nance, R., Williams-Nguyen, J., Burkholder, G., Moore, R., Mathews, W., Eron, J., Drozd, D., Kitahata, M., Saag, M., Crane, H. Tags: Cerebrovascular Disease and Interventional Neurology: Stroke Prevention and Translation Source Type: research

Post-Stroke Disability at a National Referral Hospital in Tanzania (P3.322)
Conclusions:In this low-resource setting, individuals with stroke face a severe burden of disability and high risk of mortality. The majority of participants experienced severe deficits following stroke, as assessed through NIHSS and mRS. While this study may be limited by referral bias, the high toll of disability among this population suggests that post-stroke disability places a significant burden on Tanzanian families and society.Study Supported by:This abstract was made possible with help from the Harvard University Center for AIDS Research (CFAR), an NIH funded program (P30 AI060354), subgrant to F. Mateen.Disclosure...
Source: Neurology - April 17, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Wibecan, L., Mmbando, T., Grundy, S., Klein, J., Mateen, F., Okengo, K. Tags: Global Health Source Type: research

Risk of intracerebral hemorrhage in HIV/AIDS: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Abstract Evidence for the association and the increased risk of stroke with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) is growing. Recent studies have reported on HIV infection as a potent risk factor for intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). We used the pooled results from case–control studies to conduct a systematic review and a meta-analysis in order to evaluate the risk of ICH with HIV/AIDS. Our systematic review and meta-analysis was based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses algorithm of all available case–control studies that reported on the...
Source: Journal of NeuroVirology - April 3, 2016 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Cerebrovascular Disease and HIV in Singapore: A Single-Centre Study (P1.325)
Conclusions: Prevalence of CVS risk factors was significant in our population. Stroke in HIV patients may result from other disease mechanisms and carries significant mortality and morbidity. Fever at presentation suggests an infective etiology.Disclosure: Dr. Gan holds stock and/or stock options in a company which sponsored research in which Dr. Gan was involved as an investigator. Dr. Saini has nothing to disclose. Dr. Lee has nothing to disclose. Dr. Ng has nothing to disclose. Dr. Tan has nothing to disclose.
Source: Neurology - April 3, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Gan, E., Saini, M., Lee, C.-C., Ng, O.-T., Tan, K. Tags: HIV/AIDS Source Type: research

Clinical round-up
HIV and stroke The association between HIV infection and coronary heart disease and haemorrhagic stroke has already been described1–3 but less is known about ischaemic stroke. Sico et al4 looked at the risk factors for ischaemic stroke in HIV+ individuals as part of the Veterans Administration Cohort Study, a study of clinical and laboratory data sets collected from 99 688 US veterans. They compared HIV+ patients with HIV– controls matched for age, sex race/ethnicity and clinical site over a 6-year period from 2003 to 2009, and after women and those with baseline cardiovascular disease (CVD) or stroke were...
Source: Sexually Transmitted Infections - January 20, 2016 Category: Sexual Medicine Authors: Herbert, S., Haddow, L. Tags: Epidemiologic studies, Drugs: infectious diseases, HIV/AIDS, Contraception, Drugs: obstetrics and gynaecology, Reproductive medicine, HIV / AIDS, Gonorrhoea, HIV infections, Health education, Smoking Clinical round-up Source Type: research

Validation of a patient decision aid for choosing between dabigatran and warfarin for atrial fibrillation.
CONCLUSION: Our DA to allow patients to make an informed decision with their physician regarding dabigatran versus warfarin in AF, proved understandable, comprehensive and helpful. PMID: 24163147 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Source: Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology - October 26, 2015 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: J Popul Ther Clin Pharmacol Source Type: research

Medtech approvals: FDA releases August 2015 PMAs
The FDA today released its list of the pre-market approvals it granted for medical devices in August 2015: Summary of PMA Originals & Supplements Approved Originals: 2 Supplements: 70 Summary of PMA Originals Under Review Total Under Review: 57 Total Active: 28 Total On Hold: 29 Summary of PMA Supplements Under Review Total Under Review: 569 Total Active: 422 Total On Hold: 147 Summary of All PMA Submissions Originals: 5 Supplements: 90 Summary of PMA Supplement PMA Approval/Denial Decision Times Number of Approvals: 70 Number of Denials: 0 Average Days Fr Receipt to Decision (Total Time): 229.0 FDA Time: 130...
Source: Mass Device - October 23, 2015 Category: Medical Equipment Authors: Brad Perriello Tags: Food & Drug Administration (FDA) Pre-Market Approval (PMA) Regulatory/Compliance Source Type: news

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