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Defining Optimal Brain Health in Adults: A Presidential Advisory From the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association AHA/ASA Presidential Advisory
Cognitive function is an important component of aging and predicts quality of life, functional independence, and risk of institutionalization. Advances in our understanding of the role of cardiovascular risks have shown them to be closely associated with cognitive impairment and dementia. Because many cardiovascular risks are modifiable, it may be possible to maintain brain health and to prevent dementia in later life. The purpose of this American Heart Association (AHA)/American Stroke Association presidential advisory is to provide an initial definition of optimal brain health in adults and guidance on how to maintain br...
Source: Stroke - September 25, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Philip B. Gorelick, Karen L. Furie, Costantino Iadecola, Eric E. Smith, Salina P. Waddy, Donald M. Lloyd-Jones, Hee-Joon Bae, Mary Ann Bauman, Martin Dichgans, Pamela W. Duncan, Meighan Girgus, Virginia J. Howard, Ronald M. Lazar, Sudha Seshadri, Fernando Tags: Statements and Guidelines AHA/ASA Presidential Advisory Source Type: research

Circulating Endothelial Markers in Retinal Vasculopathy With Cerebral Leukoencephalopathy and Systemic Manifestations Clinical Sciences
Background and Purpose—Retinal vasculopathy with cerebral leukoencephalopathy and systemic manifestations (RVCL-S) is a monogenic small vessel disease, caused by C-terminal truncating TREX1 mutations, that can be considered a model for stroke and vascular dementia. The pathophysiology of RVCL-S is largely unknown, but systemic endothelial involvement has been suggested, leading to pathology in the brain and other highly vascularized organs. Here, we investigated circulating endothelial markers to confirm endothelial involvement and identify biomarkers for disease activity.Methods—We measured circulating levels of von W...
Source: Stroke - November 27, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Nadine Pelzer, Roel Bijkerk, Marlies E.J. Reinders, Anton Jan van Zonneveld, Michel D. Ferrari, Arn M.J.M. van den Maagdenberg, Jeroen Eikenboom, Gisela M. Terwindt Tags: Biomarkers, Endothelium/Vascular Type/Nitric Oxide, Genetics, Cerebrovascular Disease/Stroke Original Contributions Source Type: research

Medical News Today: This diet may slow cognitive decline after stroke
The risk of developing dementia doubles after having a stroke. Find out which diet can potentially stave off cognitive decline, according to new research.
Source: Health News from Medical News Today - January 26, 2018 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Stroke Source Type: news

Differential Impact of Index Stroke on Dementia Risk in African-Americans Compared to Whites
To compare whites and African-Americans in terms of dementia risk following index stroke.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - August 1, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: D.G. Clark, A.D. Boan, C. Sims-Robinson, R.J. Adams, E.J. Amella, A. Benitez, D.T. Lackland, B. Ovbiagele Source Type: research

Medical News Today: Stroke significantly increases the risk of dementia
In the largest analysis of its type to date, researchers conclude that stroke significantly increases the risk of developing dementia in older age.
Source: Health News from Medical News Today - August 31, 2018 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Stroke Source Type: news

Tea and coffee may be linked to lower risk of stroke and dementia – study
Research looking at 365,000 people aged 50-74 finds moderate consumption could have health benefitsDrinking coffee or tea may be linked with a lower risk of stroke and dementia, according to the largest study of its kind.Strokes cause 10% of deaths globally, while dementia is one of the world ’s biggest health challenges – 130 million are expected to be living with it by 2050.Continue reading...
Source: Guardian Unlimited Science - November 16, 2021 Category: Science Authors: Andrew Gregory Health editor Tags: Health Stroke Dementia Tea Coffee Medical research Science Food Alzheimer's Society Source Type: news

Anxiety in Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke: Risk Factors and Effects on Functional Status
Conclusion: Depressive symptoms are the major correlates of PSA while more severe PSA is associated with poorer ADL and health-related QOL. Acute lesions involving CHWM may correlate with PSA in ischemic stroke patients with mild-to-moderate neurologic deficits, supporting a lesion-location hypothesis in PSA.IntroductionAnxiety is prevalent after stroke and occurs in about one-quarter of stroke survivors (1, 2). Poststroke anxiety (PSA) may have a negative impact on quality of life (QOL) of stroke survivors, affecting their rehabilitation (3). Furthermore, one prospective study found that severe anxiety symptoms were assoc...
Source: Frontiers in Psychiatry - April 16, 2019 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

A Post-hoc Study of D-Amino Acid Oxidase in Blood as an Indicator of Post-stroke Dementia
In conclusion, our data support that plasma DAO levels were increased in PSD patients and correlated with brain WMH, independent of age, gender, hypertension, and renal function. Plasma DAO levels may therefore aid in PSD diagnosis. Introduction Stroke is a risk factor for both vascular dementia and Alzheimer's disease (1, 2). Functional recovery develops over the course of 26 weeks after a stroke (3), but the survivors are often left with disabilities. In addition to the sequelae of acute neuronal damage, the 1-year post-stroke dementia (PSD) rates after first-ever and recurrent stroke are ~10 and 30...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - April 25, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Memory gaps in graduates a 'stroke warning sign'
Conclusion This study showed that highly educated people who notice memory complaints in themselves may be more likely to develop stroke than those who don’t, over an average of 12 years. The study had a number of strengths, such as its population-based prospective design and availability of data on more than 9,000 participants at baseline with a long follow-up. However, there were also a number of limitations that weaken the strength of the conclusions. It was not clear whether the memory complaints were assessed just once at the start of the study or an ongoing basis. Some people may report memory complaints that are o...
Source: NHS News Feed - December 12, 2014 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Neurology Mental health Older people Source Type: news

Reported link between diet drinks and dementia and stroke is weak
Conclusion The researchers used data from a large ongoing cohort study to look for links between consumption of sugary and artificially sweetened drinks and risk of stroke or dementia. This cohort study benefits from the large overall sample size, long period of data collection, careful and valid diagnostic assessments, and adjustments for a number of confounders. However, care must be taken when interpreting these results – particularly if latching on to the maximal tripled risk figures reported in the media. There are several points to consider: Small numbers The new number of strokes and dementia in this study was sma...
Source: NHS News Feed - April 21, 2017 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Food/diet Heart/lungs Neurology Source Type: news

Predicting long term cognitive outcomes after stroke using pre and post-stroke cognitive trajectories. (P2.098)
Conclusions:The rate of decline in cognition after stroke is predicted by rate of decline prior to stroke. Furthermore, greater change in rate of cognitive decline after incident stroke predicts dementia in individuals who were normal at the time of stroke. This may be a marker of both ongoing cerebrovascular injury and underlying neurodegenerative pathology.Disclosure: Dr. Thomas has nothing to disclose. Dr. Mattek has nothing to disclose. Dr. Wild has nothing to disclose. Dr. Dodge has nothing to disclose. Dr. Silbert has received research support from Eli-Lilly. Dr. Kaye has received personal compensation for activities...
Source: Neurology - April 17, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Thomas, N., Mattek, N., Wild, K., Dodge, H., Silbert, L., Kaye, J., Erten-Lyons, D. Tags: Vascular Disease and Dementia Source Type: research

Pre-Stroke Cholinesterase Inhibitor Treatment Is Beneficially Associated with Functional Outcome in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke and Pre-Stroke Dementia: The Fukuoka Stroke Registry
Conclusions: Our findings suggest that pre-stroke ChEI treatment is associated with reduced risks for poor functional outcome and neurological deterioration after acute ischemic stroke in patients with pre-stroke dementia who are independent in basic ADLs before the onset of stroke.Cerebrovasc Dis
Source: Cerebrovascular Diseases - March 19, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

The association of sleep apnea and stroke with cognitive performance: the REasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) Study (I9-4B)
CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that S+SA is associated with lower verbal memory and executive function scores (but not highest global cognitive impairment) than SA only, stroke only, or neither.Disclosure: Dr. Molano has nothing to disclose. Dr. Kleindorfer has received personal compensation for activities with Genentech. Dr. McClure has received research support from Genzyme and Amgen. Dr. Unverzagt has received personal compensation for activities with Eli Lilly & Company as a consultant. Dr. Wadley has received personal compensation for activities with Amgen Inc. Dr. Howard has nothing to disclose.
Source: Neurology - April 8, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Molano, J., Kleindorfer, D., McClure, L., Unverzagt, F., Wadley, V., Howard, V. Tags: Treating Dementia in an Age of Mixed Disease Data Blitz Presentations Source Type: research

Blood pressure-lowering treatment for preventing recurrent stroke, major vascular events, and dementia in patients with a history of stroke or transient ischaemic attack.
CONCLUSIONS: Our results support the use of BPLDs in people with stroke or TIA for reducing the risk of recurrent stroke. Current evidence is primarily derived from trials studying an ACE inhibitor or a diuretic. No definite conclusions can be drawn from current evidence regarding an optimal systolic blood pressure target after stroke or TIA. PMID: 30024023 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - July 19, 2018 Category: General Medicine Authors: Zonneveld TP, Richard E, Vergouwen MD, Nederkoorn PJ, de Haan R, Roos YB, Kruyt ND Tags: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Source Type: research

Neurodegeneration Over 3 Years Following Ischaemic Stroke: Findings From the Cognition and Neocortical Volume After Stroke Study
Conclusions: Ischaemic stroke survivors exhibit greater neurodegeneration compared to stroke-free controls. Brain atrophy is greater in stroke participants who were cognitively impaired early after their stroke. Early cognitive impairment was associated greater subsequent atrophy, reflecting the combined impacts of stroke and vascular brain burden. Atrophy rates could serve as a useful biomarker for trials testing interventions to reduce post-stroke secondary neurodegeneration.Clinical Trail Registration:http://www.clinicaltrials.gov, identifier: NCT02205424.
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - October 22, 2021 Category: Neurology Source Type: research