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Design and Rationale for a Cognitive Outcome Substudy in Ischemic Stroke Patients with High Risk of Cerebral Hemorrhage
Cognitive impairment and dementia are common disabilities after stroke and are associated with increased risks of mortality and recurrent stroke. The prevention of dementia and preserving cognitive function are also important in stroke patients, but its strategy is not established yet. This PICASSO-COG (PreventIon of CArdiovascular events in iSchemic Stroke patients with high risk of cerebral hemOrrhage for reducing COGnitive decline) substudy aims to assess the effects of cilostazol and/or probucol on cognitive function.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - May 31, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Kyung-Ho Yu, Keun-Sik Hong, Mi-Sun Oh, Juneyoung Lee, Ji Sung Lee, Sun U. Kwon, PICASSO investigators Source Type: research

Endovascular treatment improves cognition after stroke: A secondary analysis of REVASCAT trial
Conclusions: Thrombectomy improves TMT performance after stroke, especially among patients who reach good functional recovery. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01692379. Classification of evidence: This study provides Class I evidence that for patients with stroke from acute anterior circulation proximal arterial occlusion, thrombectomy improves performance on the TMT at 3 months.
Source: Neurology - January 15, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Lopez-Cancio, E., Jovin, T. G., Cobo, E., Cerda, N., Jimenez, M., Gomis, M., Hernandez-Perez, M., Caceres, C., Cardona, P., Lara, B., Renu, A., Llull, L., Boned, S., Muchada, M., Davalos, A. Tags: Prognosis, All Cerebrovascular disease/Stroke, Clinical trials Randomized controlled (CONSORT agreement), Infarction ARTICLE Source Type: research

Admission Brain Cortical Volume Clinical Sciences
Conclusions—Smaller cortical volumes in fronto-temporo-insular areas measured 24 to 72 hours post stroke are associated with cognitive vulnerability in the subacute stroke phase.
Source: Stroke - July 24, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Sharmila Sagnier, Gwenaelle Catheline, Bixente Dilharreguy, Fanny Munsch, Antoine Bigourdan, Mathilde Poli, Sabrina Debruxelles, Stephane Olindo, Pauline Renou, Francois Rouanet, Vincent Dousset, Thomas Tourdias, Igor Sibon Tags: Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Cognitive Impairment, Ischemic Stroke Original Contributions Source Type: research

Prevalence of Poststroke Neurocognitive Disorders Using National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke-Canadian Stroke Network, VASCOG Criteria (Vascular Behavioral and Cognitive Disorders), and Optimized Criteria of Cognitive Deficit Clinical Sciences
Conclusions—This study is the first to have optimized the operationalization of the criterion for poststroke cognitive impairment. It documented the prevalence of poststroke NCD in the GRECOG-VASC cohort and showed that mild cognitive impairment accounts for 80% of the affected patients. Finally, the method developed in the present study offers a means of harmonizing the diagnosis of NCD.Clinical Trial Registration—URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01339195.
Source: Stroke - April 23, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Melanie Barbay, Herve Taillia, Claudine Nedelec–Ciceri, Flavie Bompaire, Camille Bonnin, Jerome Varvat, Francoise Grangette, Momar Diouf, Emmanuel Wiener, Jean–Louis Mas, Martine Roussel, Olivier Godefroy Tags: Cognitive Impairment Original Contributions Source Type: research

Association of Blood Pressure and Cognition after Stroke
We examined associations between systolic and diastolic BP (SBP, DBP), pulse pressure (PP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and cognition, each measured 90 days after stroke. Methods: Cross-sectional analysis of prospectively obtained data of 432 dementia-free subjects greater than or equal to 45 (median age, 66; 45% female) with stroke (92% ischemic; median NIH stroke score, 3 [IQR, 2-6]) from the population-based Brain Attack Surveillance in Corpus Christi (BASIC) project in 2011-2013.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - May 2, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Deborah A. Levine, Andrzej T. Galecki, Dolorence Okullo, Emily M. Brice ño, Mohammed U. Kabeto, Lewis B. Morgenstern, Kenneth M. Langa, Bruno Giordani, Robert Brook, Brisa N. Sanchez, Lynda D. Lisabeth Source Type: research

Association Between Oral Anticoagulants and Stroke Severity at Onset in Elderly Patients with Cardioembolic Stroke Due to Non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation
The prevention of cardioembolic stroke is an important public health priority in Japan due to its high prevalence in elderly individuals. Compared to their younger counterparts, elderly patients with cardioembolic stroke are more likely to have multiple comorbidities, a higher risk of serious complications, such as pneumonia and heart failure, and cognitive impairments (e.g., dementia or delirium), which may adversely affect their ability to participate in active rehabilitation. These factors negatively affect clinical outcomes, and many elderly stroke survivors require long-term care despite the early implementation of intensive therapy.
Source: Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases - December 25, 2021 Category: Neurology Authors: Ichiro Deguchi, Takashi Osada, Shinichi Takahashi Source Type: research

A quantitative systematic review of domain-specific cognitive impairment in lacunar stroke
Conclusions: Results of this systematic review are consistent with previous characterizations of cognitive impairment associated with lacunar strokes. However, impaired cognition in this stroke subtype appears less selective than previously thought, involving all major cognitive domains.
Source: Neurology - January 14, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Edwards, J. D., Jacova, C., Sepehry, A. A., Pratt, B., Benavente, O. R. Tags: Other cerebrovascular disease/ Stroke, Clinical neurology examination, Neuropsychological assessment, Assessment of cognitive disorders/dementia VIEWS & amp;amp; REVIEWS Source Type: research

Incidence of stroke in people with Alzheimer disease: A national register-based approach
Conclusions: Our findings suggest that persons with AD dementia, especially younger patients, have higher risk of hemorrhagic strokes.
Source: Neurology - January 21, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Tolppanen, A.-M., Lavikainen, P., Solomon, A., Kivipelto, M., Soininen, H., Hartikainen, S. Tags: All Cerebrovascular disease/Stroke, Alzheimer's disease, Cohort studies, Risk factors in epidemiology ARTICLE Source Type: research

Blocked Heart Arteries May Presage Stroke
Even if you are considered to be at low risk for stroke, having blocked heart arteries can mean you are more likely to have one, says new research published online this week in Stroke, a journal of the American Heart Association. The researchers suggest blocked arteries should be taken into account to the same extent as other known risk factors such as atrial fibrillation when assessing patients' stroke risk. Lead author Dirk M. Hermann is professor of vascular neurology and dementia at the University Hospital Essen in Germany...
Source: Health News from Medical News Today - March 1, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Stroke Source Type: news

Stroke Risk Tightly Aligned With Coronary Atherosclerosis
This study demonstrates that stroke risk is tightly aligned with coronary atherosclerosis, showing the closely related nature of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease," said Dirk M. Hermann, M.D., the study's lead investigator and professor of vascular neurology and dementia at the University Hospital Essen in Germany...
Source: Health News from Medical News Today - March 4, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Stroke Source Type: news

Poststroke hip fracture: prevalence, clinical characteristics, mineral-bone metabolism, outcomes, and gaps in prevention.
Conclusions. Approximately one in seven HFs occurs in older stroke survivors and are associated with poorer outcomes. Early implementation of fracture prevention strategies is needed. PMID: 24187647 [PubMed]
Source: Stroke Research and Treatment - December 2, 2014 Category: Neurology Tags: Stroke Res Treat Source Type: research

White matter lesion volume reduces fine motor skills: Is primary stroke prophylaxis warranted?
Neuroimaging, particularly cerebral MRI, frequently demonstrates white matter lesions (WMLs) in the elderly and patients with vascular risk factors such as arterial hypertension and diabetes. WMLs may result from ischemia associated with atherosclerosis of perforating arteries and arteriolar degeneration due to fibrohyalinosis.1,2 They can appear silently, but are an important risk factor for the development of stroke, mainly ischemic stroke.3 Moreover, WMLs are linked to the development of cognitive impairment and dementia.4,5
Source: Neurology - May 11, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Wartenberg, K. E., Lorenzano, S. Tags: Stroke prevention, All Cerebrovascular disease/Stroke, Vascular dementia, Prevalence studies, Risk factors in epidemiology EDITORIALS Source Type: research

Prevalence of Intracranial Atherosclerotic Stenosis Using High-Resolution Magnetic Resonance Angiography in the General Population: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study Clinical Sciences
Conclusions— The prevalence of ICAS in older adults is high, and it could be a target for primary prevention of stroke and dementia in this population.
Source: Stroke - April 24, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Suri, M. F. K., Qiao, Y., Ma, X., Guallar, E., Zhou, J., Zhang, Y., Liu, L., Chu, H., Qureshi, A. I., Alonso, A., Folsom, A. R., Wasserman, B. A. Tags: Cerebrovascular Disease/Stroke, Ischemic Stroke, Atherosclerosis, Stenosis, Vascular Disease Clinical Sciences Source Type: research

Blood Pressure and Risk of Vascular Dementia: Evidence From a Primary Care Registry and a Cohort Study of Transient Ischemic Attack and Stroke Clinical Sciences
Conclusions— BP is positively associated with risk of vascular dementia, irrespective of preceding transient ischemic attack or stroke. Previous reports of inverse associations in old age could not be confirmed.
Source: Stroke - May 22, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Emdin, C. A., Rothwell, P. M., Salimi-Khorshidi, G., Kiran, A., Conrad, N., Callender, T., Mehta, Z., Pendlebury, S. T., Anderson, S. G., Mohseni, H., Woodward, M., Rahimi, K. Tags: Epidemiology, High Blood Pressure Clinical Sciences Source Type: research

Arterial ischemic stroke in HIV: Defining and classifying etiology for research studies
HIV infection, and potentially its treatment, increases the risk of an arterial ischemic stroke. Multiple etiologies and lack of clear case definitions inhibit progress in this field. Several etiologies, many treatable, are relevant to HIV-related stroke. To fully understand the mechanisms and the terminology used, a robust classification algorithm to help ascribe the various etiologies is needed. This consensus paper considers the strengths and limitations of current case definitions in the context of HIV infection. The case definitions for the major etiologies in HIV-related strokes were refined (e.g., varicella zoster v...
Source: Neurology Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation - June 29, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Benjamin, L. A., Bryer, A., Lucas, S., Stanley, A., Allain, T. J., Joekes, E., Emsley, H., Turnbull, I., Downey, C., Toh, C.-H., Brown, K., Brown, D., Ison, C., Smith, C., Corbett, E. L., Nath, A., Heyderman, R. S., Connor, M. D., Solomon, T. Tags: Viral infections, HIV, All Cerebrovascular disease/Stroke, Vascular dementia, HIV dementia Views [amp ] Reviews Source Type: research