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Total 347 results found since Jan 2013.

NAMPT as a Dedifferentiation-Inducer Gene: NAD+ as Core Axis for Glioma Cancer Stem-Like Cells Maintenance
Conclusion and Perspectives Gliomas are the most prevalent primary brain cancer in adults and include a broad category of tumors including astrocytoma, oligodendroglioma, and GBM. Regardless of tumor aggressiveness, malignancy, and infiltration, these glia-derived tumors rarely exceed a median survival time of 12–14 months. Driven by the infiltrative nature of these tumors, the clinical approach is difficult and relapses often occur with fatal consequences. These unsuccessful attempts to control glioma's fate have fostered research looking for more effective therapies. (GSCs) are a small subset of CD133&#...
Source: Frontiers in Oncology - May 2, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Sex Differences in Sex Hormone Profiles and Prediction of Consciousness Recovery After Severe Traumatic Brain Injury
Conclusion: These findings indicate that TBI differentially affects the levels of sex-steroid hormones in men and women patients. Plasma levels of testosterone could be a good candidate blood marker to predict recovery from unconsciousness after sTBI for male patients. Introduction Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of death and disability worldwide and is increasing in incidence (1). Patients with acute severe TBI (sTBI) often develop severe disorders of consciousness, i.e., coma, minimally conscious state or vegetative state. Although many patients may regain consciousness during the 1-month post-TBI p...
Source: Frontiers in Endocrinology - April 25, 2019 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 571: Chronic Treatment with Multi-Kinase Inhibitors Causes Differential Toxicities on Skeletal and Cardiac Muscles
Andrea Bonetto Despite recent progress, chemotherapy remains the preferred treatment for cancer. We have shown a link between anticancer drugs and the development of cachexia, i.e., body wasting accompanied by muscle loss. The multi-kinase inhibitors (MKIs) regorafenib and sorafenib, used as second-line treatment for solid tumors, are frequently accompanied by several side effects, including loss of muscle mass and strength. In the present study we aimed to investigate the molecular mechanisms associated with the occurrence of muscle toxicities in in vivo conditions. Hence, we treated 8-week old healthy CD2F1 male mic...
Source: Cancers - April 22, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Joshua R. Huot Alyson L. Essex Maya Gutierrez Rafael Barreto Meijing Wang David L. Waning Lilian I. Plotkin Andrea Bonetto Tags: Article Source Type: research

Anticoagulation of Cardiovascular Conditions in the Cancer Patient: Review of Old and New Therapies
AbstractPurpose of ReviewThe anticoagulation strategies for various cardiac-specific pathologies including atrial fibrillation are changing. Applying these strategies in patients with concomitant active cancer requires additional considerations. Here, we review the most recent changes in the anticoagulation management of common cardiac diseases and their application in cancer patients.Recent FindingsThere are a range of indications for therapeutic anticoagulation in cancer patients including venous thromboembolism (VTE), atrial fibrillation/flutter (AF/AFL), prosthetic heart valves, and intracardiac thrombi. Certain cancer...
Source: Current Oncology Reports - April 3, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Cardiac Complications in the Adult Bone Marrow Transplant Patient
AbstractPurpose of ReviewDue to advancements in oncologic treatment strategies and techniques, the number of survivors who have undergone hematopoetic stem cell transplant (HCT) continues to increase in the United States; this number is projected to reach 502,000 by the year 2030. There is significant interest within the field of cardio-oncology to identify cardiotoxicity and cardiovascular disease in the HCT population. Epidemiologic studies analyzing both short- and long-term cardiovascular effects, risk stratification modeling, cardioprotective strategies, and expert consensus documents for cardiotoxicity surveillance r...
Source: Current Oncology Reports - March 1, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Determinants of exercise intolerance in breast cancer patients prior to anthracycline chemotherapy
We sought to interrogate previous reports that fitness in breast cancer patients was less than expected for community norms. As compared with healthy control subjects, we observed reduced oxygen consumption capacity in recently diagnosed breast cancer patients prior to treatment. This reduced capacity was associated with smaller heart size and reduced peak exercise cardiac output. This may suggest that reduced exercise conditioning is associated with breast cancer risk. AbstractWomen with early ‐stage breast cancer have reduced peak exercise oxygen uptake (peakVO2). The purpose of this study was to evaluate peakVO2 and r...
Source: Physiological Reports - January 10, 2019 Category: Physiology Authors: Rhys I. Beaudry, Erin J. Howden, Steve Foulkes, Ashley Bigaran, Piet Claus, Mark J. Haykowsky, Andre La Gerche Tags: Original Research Source Type: research

Valproic acid and epilepsy: from molecular mechanisms to clinical evidences.
Abstract After more than a century from its discovery, valproic acid (VPA) still represents one of the most efficient antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). Pre and post-synaptic effects of VPA depend on a very broad spectrum of actions, including the regulation of ionic currents and the facilitation of GABAergic over glutamatergic transmission. As a result, VPA indirectly modulates neurotransmitter release and strengthens the threshold for seizure activity. However, even though participating to the anticonvulsant action, such mechanisms seem to have minor impact on epileptogenesis. Nonetheless, VPA has been reported to exer...
Source: Epilepsy Curr - December 27, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Romoli M, Mazzocchetti P, D'Alonzo R, Siliquini S, Rinaldi VE, Verrotti A, Calabresi P, Costa C Tags: Curr Neuropharmacol Source Type: research

Obesity and cardiovascular risk in an oncology day ward population
ConclusionsWe observed similar or lower rates of obesity and CV risk factors in this cohort compared to the general adult Irish population. The average predicted risk of developing CV disease in this grp was moderate to high. This can have significant future implications with regard to cancer survivorship, disease recurrence and suitability for further oncological treatments.
Source: Irish Journal of Medical Science - December 18, 2018 Category: General Medicine Source Type: research

Hypoxia-triggered single molecule probe for high-contrast NIR II/PA tumor imaging and robust photothermal therapy
Conclusions: We have developed the first hypoxia-triggered and NTR enzyme-responsive single molecule probe for high-contrast NIR II/PA tumor imaging and hypoxia-activated photothermal therapy. By tracing the activity of NTR, IR1048-MZ may be a promising contrast agent and theranostic formulation for other hypoxia-related diseases (such as cancer, inflammation, stroke, and cardiac ischemia).
Source: Theranostics - December 7, 2018 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Xiaoqing Meng, Jiali Zhang, Zhihong Sun, Lihua Zhou, Guanjun Deng, Sanpeng Li, Wenjun Li, Ping Gong, Lintao Cai Tags: Research Paper Source Type: research

Medical Conditions Among Survivors of Adolescent and Young Adult Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL), Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) and Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)
Conclusion: This study found that sociodemographic factors were associated with the risk of developing medical conditions in AYA NHL, ALL and AML survivors. As expected, the risk of medical conditions varied by cancer type and treatment, with those undergoing SCT having a higher risk of medical conditions regardless of cancer type. NHL and ALL survivors who were uninsured or publicly insured were at a consistently higher risk of developing medical conditions, as were Hispanic ALL survivors and Black AML survivors. Our findings highlight the higher burden of medical conditions in subgroups of cancer survivors that may relat...
Source: Blood - November 21, 2018 Category: Hematology Authors: Keegan, T. H. M., Muffly, L. S., Li, Q., Alvarez, E., Brunson, A. M., Malogolowkin, M., Wun, T. Tags: 904. Outcomes Research-Malignant Conditions: Real World Outcomes Source Type: research

Black pleural effusion as the presenting feature of lung cancer.
Conclusion: In the present case, the black stain most likely results from intrapleural haemolysis following haemorrhage. Pleural fluid bilirubin may be useful in evaluating pleural effusion, especially if black.
Source: European Respiratory Journal - November 19, 2018 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Fernandes, V., Alfaro, T. M., Cruz, C., Cordeiro, C. R. Tags: Clinical Problems Source Type: research

Outcomes of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy in hospitalized cancer patients
ConclusionsOutcomes are significantly worse in patients with TCM and malignancy. Hence, this patient population must be regarded as high-risk and early diagnostic consideration for TCM is warranted. Early intervention may help lower mortality, decrease resource utilization and reduce the health care costs in these patients.
Source: Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology - July 13, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Neurocognitive deficits in older patients with cancer
ConclusionNeurocognitive deficits (MCI and dementia) are more common in older adults with cancer. Factors associated with neurocognitive deficits include high comorbidity, stroke, warfarin use and metastatic cancer. Identification and management of these conditions is of great relevance in the course of cancer therapy.
Source: Journal of Geriatric Oncology - July 10, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research