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Total 51 results found since Jan 2013.

Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Complex 1 Activation Disrupts the Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor Pathway: A Novel Mechanism for Extracellular Matrix Accumulation in Human Peritoneal Mesothelial Cells
Peritoneal fibrosis (PF) is characterized by progressive extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation. Increasing evidence has suggested that ECM synthesis was increased in human peritoneal mesothelial cells (HPMCs) under high-glucose conditions, but the effects of high-glucose peritoneal dialysis solution (PDS) on ECM synthesis have not been fully elucidated. The aim of this study was to explore the potential mechanisms of high-glucose PDS-induced production of ECM in  HPMCs. HPMCs were stimulated by high-glucose PDS. The activity of mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) was inhibited by rapamycin or regulatory-as...
Source: American Journal of Nephrology - November 13, 2018 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Complex 1 Activation Disrupts the Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor Pathway: A Novel Mechanism for Extracellular Matrix Accumulation in Human Peritoneal Mesothelial Cells.
Abstract Peritoneal fibrosis (PF) is characterized by progressive extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation. Increasing evidence has suggested that ECM synthesis was increased in human peritoneal mesothelial cells (HPMCs) under high-glucose conditions, but the effects of high-glucose peritoneal dialysis solution (PDS) on ECM synthesis have not been fully elucidated. The aim of this study was to explore the potential mechanisms of high-glucose PDS-induced production of ECM in HPMCs. HPMCs were stimulated by high-glucose PDS. The activity of mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) was inhibited by rapamycin...
Source: American Journal of Nephrology - November 13, 2018 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Liu J, Zhu W, Jiang CM, Feng Y, Xia YY, Zhang QY, Xu PF, Zhang M Tags: Am J Nephrol Source Type: research

Autophagy promotes fibrosis and apoptosis in the peritoneum during long ‐term peritoneal dialysis
In this study, we found that the coincidence of elevated TGF‐β1 expression, autophagy, apoptosis and fibrosis in peritoneal membrane from patients with peritoneal dialysis. The peritoneal membranes from patients were performed with immunocytochemistry and transmission electron microscopy. Human peritoneal mesothelial cells were treated with 1.5%, 2.5% and 4.25% HGPDS for 24 hrs; Human peritoneal mesothelial cells pre‐treated with TGF‐β1 (10 ng/ml) or transfected with siRNA Beclin1 were treated with 4.25% HGPDS or vehicle for 24 hrs. We further detected the production of TGF‐β1, activation of TGF‐β1/Smad2/3 si...
Source: Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine - October 27, 2017 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Jingjing Wu, Changying Xing, Li Zhang, Huijuan Mao, Xuguan Chen, Mingxing Liang, Fang Wang, Haibin Ren, Hongqing Cui, Aiqin Jiang, Zibin Wang, Meijuan Zou, Yong Ji Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Autophagy promotes fibrosis and apoptosis in the peritoneum during long-term peritoneal dialysis.
In this study, we found that the coincidence of elevated TGF-β1 expression, autophagy, apoptosis and fibrosis in peritoneal membrane from patients with peritoneal dialysis. The peritoneal membranes from patients were performed with immunocytochemistry and transmission electron microscopy. Human peritoneal mesothelial cells were treated with 1.5%, 2.5% and 4.25% HGPDS for 24 hrs; Human peritoneal mesothelial cells pre-treated with TGF-β1 (10 ng/ml) or transfected with siRNA Beclin1 were treated with 4.25% HGPDS or vehicle for 24 hrs. We further detected the production of TGF-β1, activation of TGF-β1/Smad2/3 signalling, ...
Source: J Cell Mol Med - October 27, 2017 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Wu J, Xing C, Zhang L, Mao H, Chen X, Liang M, Wang F, Ren H, Cui H, Jiang A, Wang Z, Zou M, Ji Y Tags: J Cell Mol Med Source Type: research

Role of Small Interfering RNA Silencing Protein Kinase C ‐α Gene on the Occurrence of Ultrafiltration Failure in Peritoneal Dialysis Rats
This study aims to explore the effect of PKC‐α gene silencing on the occurrence of ultrafiltration failure (UFF) in peritoneal dialysis (PD) rats. Forty‐eight male SD rats were collected to establish 5/6 renal resection uremic and uremic PD rats models. Rats were assigned into control, sham operation, uremia, PD‐2 W (peritoneal dialysis for 2 weeks), PD‐4 W (peritoneal dialysis for 4 weeks), negative control (NC) (peritoneal dialysis for 4 weeks, and injected 0.1 mg/kg blank plasmid into abdominal cavity) and PKC‐α siRNA (peritoneal dialysis for 4 weeks, and injected 0.1 mg/kg PKC‐α siRNA into abdomi...
Source: Journal of Cellular Biochemistry - May 9, 2017 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Zhi ‐Wei Sun, Jian Wang, Min Weng, Jian‐Zhong Tang, Jun‐Feng Wang, Jian Xu, Ling Lin, Hong‐Ling Yuan Tags: Article Source Type: research

Monocarboxylate Transporter ‐1 Mediates the Protective Effects of Neutral‐pH Bicarbonate/Lactate‐Buffered Peritoneal Dialysis Fluid on Cell Viability and Apoptosis
Abstract We investigated the effects of bicarbonate/lactate‐buffered peritoneal dialysis fluid (B/L‐PDF) and lactate‐buffered PDF (L‐PDF) on cell viability and apoptosis, focusing on monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs). MCT‐1 transports lactate into cells. Cell viability and apoptosis of human peritoneal mesothelial cells (HPMCs) were examined by water‐soluble tetrazolium salt‐1 and TUNEL assays, respectively. The relative number of viable HPMCs was significantly decreased by L‐PDF at 48 h (8.8 ± 0.4%) compared with cells cultured in M199, but not by B/L‐PDF (66.7 ± 1.1%). Apoptosis was marked...
Source: Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis - December 11, 2016 Category: Hematology Authors: Akihiro Kuma, Masahito Tamura, Nana Ishimatsu, Yoshikazu Harada, Hiroto Izumi, Tetsu Miyamoto, Yumi Furuno, Yoko Nakano, Ryota Serino, Yutaka Otsuji Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Chemical Engineering in the "BIO" world.
Abstract Modern Chemical Engineering was born around the end of the 19th century in Great Britain, Germany, and the USA, the most industrialized countries at that time. Milton C. Whitaker, in 1914, affirmed that the difference between Chemistry and Chemical Engineering lies in the capability of chemical engineers to transfer laboratory findings to the industrial level. Since then, Chemical Engineering underwent huge transformations determining the detachment from the original Chemistry nest. The beginning of the sixties of the 20th century saw the development of a new branch of Chemical Engineering baptized Biomed...
Source: Current Drug Delivery - June 1, 2016 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Chiarappa G, Grassia M, Abrami M, Abbiati RA, Barba AA, Boisen A, Brucato V, Ghersi G, Caccavo D, Cascone S, Caserta S, Elvassore N, Giomo M, Guido S, Lamberti G, Larobina D, Manca D, Marizza P, Tomaiuolo G, Grassi G Tags: Curr Drug Deliv Source Type: research

The role of Resveratrol-induced mitophagy/autophagy in peritoneal mesothelial cells inflammatory injury via NLRP3 inflammasome activation triggered by mitochondrial ROS.
Abstract It has been suggested that continuous exposure of peritoneal mesothelial cells (PMCs) to high glucose-containing peritoneal dialysis (PD) solutions may result in peritoneal inflammatory injury and impairment of local peritoneal host defence. Here, we investigated the effect of glucose-based PD solutions on mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nod-like receptor 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation in human PMCs (HPMCs). Exposure of HPMCs to high glucose-based PD solutions resulted in ROS production, which can trigger NLRP3 activation, leading to IL-1β secretion. Additionally, resveratrol (RSV) tre...
Source: Experimental Cell Research - January 26, 2016 Category: Cytology Authors: Wu J, Li X, Zhu G, Zhang Y, He M, Zhang J Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research

PKC{alpha} regulates TMEM16A-mediated Cl- secretion in human biliary cells
In conclusion, our studies demonstrate that PKCα is coupled to ATP-stimulated TMEM16A activation in BECs. Targeting this ATP-Ca2+-PKCα signaling pathway may represent a therapeutic strategy to increase biliary secretion and promote bile formation.
Source: AJP: Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology - January 1, 2016 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Dutta, A. K., Khimji, A.-K., Liu, S., Karamysheva, Z., Fujita, A., Kresge, C., Rockey, D. C., Feranchak, A. P. Tags: LIVER AND BILIARY TRACT PHYSIOLOGY/PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Source Type: research

Extracellular matrix-induced Hic-5 expression in glomerular mesangial cells leads to a prosclerotic phenotype independent of TGF-{beta} Research Communication
Chronic fibroproliferative diseases account for approximately 45% of all deaths in the developed world. In the kidney, glomerulosclerosis is the underlying pathology in approximately half of patients with renal failure receiving dialysis. Mesangial cell expression of the LIM protein hydrogen peroxide-induced clone-5 (Hic-5) is important in its pathogenesis. Hic-5 expression increases following mesangial cell attachment to collagen I, associated with increased collagen I expression and increased susceptibility to apoptosis both in vitro and in experimental glomerulosclerosis. TGF-β has an established role in many fibro...
Source: FASEB Journal - December 1, 2015 Category: Biology Authors: Hornigold, N., Mooney, A. Tags: Research Communication Source Type: research

PKCα regulates TMEM16A-mediated Cl- secretion in human biliary cells.
In conclusion, our studies demonstrate that PKCα is coupled to ATP-stimulated TMEM16A activation in BECs. Targeting this ATP-Ca(2+)-PKCα signaling pathway may represent a therapeutic strategy to increase biliary secretion and promote bile formation. PMID: 26542395 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Am J Physiol Gastroi... - November 5, 2015 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Dutta AK, Khimji AK, Liu S, Karamysheva Z, Fujita A, Kresge C, Rockey DC, Feranchak AP Tags: Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol Source Type: research

AKT regulation of mesothelial-to-mesenchymal transition in peritoneal dialysis is modulated by smurf2 and deubiquitinating enzyme USP4
Conclusions: These data implied that Akt mediated MMT in PD via Smurf2 modulation/and or Smad7 degradation while conceivably maintaining the TβRI stability, most likely by the USP4.
Source: BMC Cell Biology - March 6, 2015 Category: Cytology Authors: Li XiaoXiang PengFuyou LiuChengyuan TangChun HuXiaoxuan XuMing WangYing LuoShikun YangPanai SongPing XiaoYashpal KanwarLin Sun Source Type: research

BMP-9 regulates the osteoblastic differentiation and calcification of vascular smooth muscle cells through an ALK1 mediated pathway.
Abstract The process of vascular calcification shares many similarities with that of physiological skeletal mineralization, and involves the deposition of hydroxyapatite crystals in arteries. However, the cellular mechanisms responsible have yet to be fully explained. Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP-9) has been shown to exert direct effects on both bone development and vascular function. In the present study, we have investigated the role of BMP-9 in vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) calcification. Vessel calcification in chronic kidney disease (CKD) begins pre-dialysis, with factors specific to the dialysis mili...
Source: J Cell Mol Med - October 9, 2014 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Zhu D, Mackenzie NC, Shanahan CM, Shroff RC, Farquharson C, MacRae VE Tags: J Cell Mol Med Source Type: research

BMP‐9 regulates the osteoblastic differentiation and calcification of vascular smooth muscle cells through an ALK1 mediated pathway
Abstract The process of vascular calcification shares many similarities with that of physiological skeletal mineralization, and involves the deposition of hydroxyapatite crystals in arteries. However, the cellular mechanisms responsible have yet to be fully explained. Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP‐9) has been shown to exert direct effects on both bone development and vascular function. In the present study, we have investigated the role of BMP‐9 in vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) calcification. Vessel calcification in chronic kidney disease (CKD) begins pre‐dialysis, with factors specific to the dialysis milieu ...
Source: Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine - October 9, 2014 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Dongxing Zhu, Neil Charles Wallace Mackenzie, Catherine M. Shanahan, Rukshana C. Shroff, Colin Farquharson, Vicky Elisabeth MacRae Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

The effect of FoxO1 on the proliferation of rat mesangial cells under high glucose conditions
Conclusions Overexpression of FoxO1 caused upregulation of p27, which promoted cell cycle arrest and inhibited hyperproliferation of MCs induced by HG. Degradation of FoxO1 caused an increase in p27 and stimulated MC proliferation. These findings unveil part of the molecular mechanism of FoxO1 regulation of MC hyperproliferation induced by HG.
Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation - September 24, 2014 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Liu, F., Ma, X.-J., Wang, Q.-Z., Zhao, Y.-Y., Wu, L.-N., Qin, G.-J. Tags: BASIC SCIENCE Source Type: research