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Drug: Dexamethasone

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Total 197 results found since Jan 2013.

Osteocytic cell necrosis is caused by a combination of glucocorticoid-induced Dickkopf-1 and hypoxia
Abstract Osteonecrosis is a major glucocorticoid-induced complication in the orthopedics field. Despite the extensive researches, mechanisms underlining the glucocorticoid-induced osteonecrosis are largely unknown. Here, we first provide the evidence that a combined treatment of cultured osteocytic cells with glucocorticoid and hypoxia caused necrotic cell death, which is assumed to occur in the acute bone injuries induced by glucocorticoids. We cultured MLO-Y4 murine osteocytic cells under hypoxia in the presence or absence of Dexamethasone (Dex) and examined the rates of apoptotic and necrotic cell death. Dex o...
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - June 1, 2015 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research

Edaravone protects osteoblastic cells from dexamethasone through inhibiting oxidative stress and mPTP opening.
Abstract Existing evidences have emphasized an important role of oxidative stress in dexamethasone (Dex)-induced osteoblastic cell damages. Here, we investigated the possible anti-Dex activity of edaravone in osteoblastic cells, and studied the underlying mechanisms. We showed that edaravone dose-dependently attenuated Dex-induced death and apoptosis of established human or murine osteoblastic cells. Further, Dex-mediated damages to primary murine osteoblasts were also alleviated by edaravone. In osteoblastic cells/osteoblasts, Dex induced significant oxidative stresses, tested by increased levels of reactive oxyg...
Source: Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry - July 16, 2015 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Sun WX, Zheng HY, Lan J Tags: Mol Cell Biochem Source Type: research

X-linked lymphocyte regulated gene 5c-like (Xlr5c-like) is a novel target of progesterone action in granulosa cells of periovulatory rat ovaries
In conclusion, this is the first report showing the spatiotemporally regulated expression of Xlr5c-like mRNA by hCG in rat periovulatory ovaries. P4/PGR mediates the LH-induced increase in Xlr5c-like mRNA. In turn, Xlr5c-like is involved in regulating the expression of specific ovulatory genes such as Snap25, Cxcr4, and Adamts1, possibly acting in the nucleus of periovulatory granulosa cells.
Source: Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology - July 24, 2015 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Protocadherin-1 is a glucocorticoid-responsive critical regulator of airway epithelial barrier function
Conclusion: These results suggest that PCDH1 is important for airway function as a physical barrier, and its dysfunction is involved in the pathogenesis of allergic airway inflammation. We also suggest that glucocorticoids promotes epithelial barrier integrity by inducing PCDH1.
Source: BMC Pulmonary Medicine - July 31, 2015 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Yutaka KozuYasuhiro GonShuichiro MaruokaKuroda KazumichiAkiko SekiyamaHiroyuki KishiYasuyuki NomuraMinoru IkedaShu Hashimoto Source Type: research

Leptin Enhances ICAM-1 Expression, Induces Migration and Cytokine Synthesis, and Prolongs Survival of Human Airway Epithelial Cells.
Abstract There is rising interest in how obesity affects respiratory diseases, since epidemiological findings indicate a strong relationship between the two conditions. Leptin is a potent adipokine produced mainly by adipocytes. It regulates energy storage and expenditure and also induces inflammation. Previous studies have shown that leptin is able to activate inflammatory cells such as lymphocytes and granulocytes, but little is known about its effect on lung structural cells. The present study investigated the effects of leptin on human airway epithelial cells by using human primary airway epithelial cells and ...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology - August 14, 2015 Category: Cytology Authors: Suzukawa M, Koketsu R, Baba S, Igarashi S, Nagase H, Yamaguchi M, Matsutani N, Kawamura M, Shoji S, Hebisawa A, Ohta K Tags: Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol Source Type: research

Role of protein phosphatase 5 (PP5) in mediating corticosteroid insensitivity in airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells in severe asthma
Although the mechanisms mediating corticosteroid resistance in severe asthma are still unknown, recent evidence suggests ASM cells isolated from patients with severe asthma have a decreased insensitivity to dexamethasone (Dex) with respect to the inhibition of chemokine production. Here we investigated whether this corticosteroid insensitivity seen in ASM from severe asthmatics was due to an abnormal GR signalling pathway. We here observed that production of CCL5 and CCL11 by TNF in ASM cells from severe asthmatics (compared to healthy subjects and nonsevere asthma) was not affected by Dex or fluticasone (FP) pretreatment....
Source: European Respiratory Journal - October 30, 2015 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Chachi, L., Abbasian, M., Gavrila, A., Tliba, O., Brightling, C., Amrani, Y. Tags: 3.2 Airway Cell Biology and Immunopathology Source Type: research

Klotho and Inflammation Metabolism
Abnormal inflammation and accelerated decline in lung function occur in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Klotho, an anti-aging protein, has an anti-inflammatory function. However, the role of Klotho has never been investigated in COPD. The aim of this study is to investigate the possible role of Klotho by alveolar macrophages in airway inflammation in COPD. Klotho levels were assessed in the lung samples and peripheral blood mononuclear cells of non-smokers, smokers, and patients with COPD. The regulation of Klotho expression by cigarette smoke extract (CSE) was studied in vitro, and small interf...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - November 13, 2015 Category: Chemistry Authors: Li, L., Wang, Y., Gao, W., Yuan, C., Zhang, S., Zhou, H., Huang, M., Yao, X. Tags: Molecular Bases of Disease Source Type: research

Eosinophil resistance to glucocorticoid-induced apoptosis is mediated by the transcription factor NFIL3
Abstract The mainstay of asthma therapy, glucocorticoids (GCs) exert their therapeutic effects through the inhibition of inflammatory signaling and induction of eosinophil apoptosis. However, laboratory and clinical observations of GC-resistant asthma suggest that GCs’ effects on eosinophil viability may depend on the state of eosinophil activation. In the present study we demonstrate that eosinophils stimulated with IL-5 show impaired pro-apoptotic response to GCs. We sought to determine the contribution of GC-mediated transactivating (TA) and transrepressing (TR) pathways in modulation of activated eosinophils...
Source: Apoptosis - February 15, 2016 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research

The mechanisms and significance of up‐regulation of RhoB expression by hypoxia and glucocorticoid in rat lung and A549 cells
In this study, we investigated the effects of hypoxia or/and GC on the expression and activition of RhoB in the lung of rats and human A549 lung carcinoma cells, and further studied its mechanism and significance. We found that hypoxia and dexamethasone (Dex), a synethic GC, not only significantly increased the expression and activation of RhoB independently but also coregulated the expresion of RhoB in vitro and in vivo. Up‐regulation of RhoB by hypoxia was in part through stabilizing the RhoB mRNA and protein. Inhibiting hypoxia‐activated hypoxia‐inducible transcription factor‐1α (HIF‐1α), c‐Jun N‐termina...
Source: Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine - February 24, 2016 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Gao‐Xiang Huang, Xiao‐Yu Pan, Yi‐Duo Jin, Yan Wang, Xiao‐Lian Song, Chang‐Hui Wang, Yi‐Dong Li, Jian Lu Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Reduced Insulin Receptor Expression Enhances Proximal Tubule Gluconeogenesis
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
Source: Journal of Cellular Biochemistry - June 20, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Gaurav Pandey, Kripa Shankar, Ekta Makhija, Anil Gaikwad, Carolyn Ecelbarger, Anil Mandhani, Aneesh Srivastava, Swasti Tiwari Tags: Article Source Type: research

The mechanisms and significance of up ‐regulation of RhoB expression by hypoxia and glucocorticoid in rat lung and A549 cells
In this study, we investigated the effects of hypoxia or/and GC on the expression and activition of RhoB in the lung of rats and human A549 lung carcinoma cells, and further studied its mechanism and significance. We found that hypoxia and dexamethasone (Dex), a synethic GC, not only significantly increased the expression and activation of RhoB independently but also coregulated the expresion of RhoB in vitro and in vivo. Up‐regulation of RhoB by hypoxia was in part through stabilizing the RhoB mRNA and protein. Inhibiting hypoxia‐activated hypoxia‐inducible transcription factor‐1α (HIF‐1α), c‐Jun N‐termina...
Source: Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine - February 23, 2016 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Gao ‐Xiang Huang, Xiao‐Yu Pan, Yi‐Duo Jin, Yan Wang, Xiao‐Lian Song, Chang‐Hui Wang, Yi‐Dong Li, Jian Lu Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Protein phosphatase 5 mediates corticosteroid insensitivity in airway smooth muscle in patients with severe asthma
ConclusionsPP5‐dependent impairment of GRα function represents a novel mechanism driving GC insensitivity in ASM in severe asthma.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Source: Allergy - August 9, 2016 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Latifa Chachi, Mahnaz Abbassian, Adelina Gavrila, Abdulrahman Alzahrani, Omar Tliba, Peter Bradding, Andrew J. Wardlaw, Christopher Brightling, Yassine Amrani Tags: Original Article: Airway Diseases Source Type: research

Bisphenol A suppresses glucocorticoid target gene (ENaC γ) expression via a novel ERβ/NF-κB/GR signalling pathway in lung epithelial cells.
Bisphenol A suppresses glucocorticoid target gene (ENaCγ) expression via a novel ERβ/NF-κB/GR signalling pathway in lung epithelial cells. Arch Toxicol. 2016 Aug 13; Authors: Hijazi A, Guan H, Yang K Abstract We previously demonstrated that prenatal exposure to Bisphenol A (BPA) disrupts fetal lung maturation likely through the glucocorticoid signalling pathway, but the precise molecular mechanisms remain obscure. Given that BPA diminished the expression of epithelial sodium channel-γ (ENaCγ), a well-known glucocorticoid receptor (GR) target gene, in fetal lungs, we used this GR target gene to de...
Source: Archives of Toxicology - August 12, 2016 Category: Toxicology Authors: Hijazi A, Guan H, Yang K Tags: Arch Toxicol Source Type: research

Vertebrate Lonesome Kinase Regulated Extracellular Matrix Protein Phosphorylation, Cell Shape and Adhesion in Trabecular Meshwork Cells
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
Source: Journal of Cellular Physiology - September 4, 2016 Category: Cytology Authors: Rupalatha Maddala, Nikolai P. Skiba, Ponugoti Vasantha Rao Tags: Original Research Article Source Type: research

TET3 Mediates Alterations in the Epigenetic Marker 5hmC and Akt Pathway in Steroid ‐Associated Osteonecrosis
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
Source: Journal of Bone and Mineral Research - August 31, 2016 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Jie Zhao, Xin ‐long Ma, Jian‐xiong Ma, Lei Sun, Bin Lu, Ying Wang, Guo‐sheng Xing, Yan Wang, Ben‐chao Dong, Li‐yan Xu, Ming‐Jie Kuang, Lin Fu, Hao‐hao Bai, Yue Ma, Wei‐lin Jin Tags: Original Article Source Type: research