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Total 193 results found since Jan 2013.

Auranofin, an Anti-rheumatic Gold Drug, Aggravates the Radiation-Induced Acute Intestinal Injury in Mice
Conclusion In this study, we found that a non-toxic dose of auranofin significantly aggravated the severity of the radiation-induced intestinal injury. This suggests that auranofin treatment can be an independent factor that influences the risk of intestinal complications after pelvic or abdominal radiotherapy. Ethics Statement All the protocols used in this study were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of the Korean Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences (IACUC permit number: KIRAMS217-0007). Author Contributions H-JL, JS, and Y-BL designed the experiments. EL and JK conducted the exp...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 23, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Sanguinarine Induces Apoptosis Pathway in Multiple Myeloma Cell Lines via Inhibition of the JaK2/STAT3 Signaling
In this study, we aimed to investigate the potential anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic activities of SNG in a panel of MM cell lines (U266, IM9, MM1S, and RPMI-8226). SNG treatment of MM cells resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in cell viability through mitochondrial membrane potential loss and activation of caspase 3, 9, and cleavage of PARP. Pre-treatment of MM cells with a universal caspase inhibitor, Z-VAD-FMK, prevented SNG mediated loss of cell viability, apoptosis, and caspase activation, confirming that SNG-mediated apoptosis is caspase-dependent. The SNG-mediated apoptosis appears to be resulted from suppres...
Source: Frontiers in Oncology - April 16, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

CREB, NF-κB, and NADPH oxidase coordinately upregulate indoxyl sulfate-induced angiotensinogen expression in proximal tubular cells.
Abstract In chronic kidney disease (CKD), indoxyl sulfate, a uremic toxin, accumulates in serum, and the expression of angiotensinogen (AGT) is upregulated in renal proximal tubular cells. The present study aimed to determine the relationship between indoxyl sulfate and the upregulation of AGT expression in proximal tubular cells. Indoxyl sulfate induced expression of AGT in rat renal cortex and in cultured human proximal tubular cells (HK-2). In proximal tubular cells, indoxyl sulfate induced phosphorylation of cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) on Ser-133, and small interfering RNA (siRNA) specific to ...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Cell Physiology - February 13, 2013 Category: Cytology Authors: Shimizu H, Saito S, Higashiyama Y, Nishijima F, Niwa T Tags: Am J Physiol Cell Physiol Source Type: research

CREB, NF-{kappa}B, and NADPH oxidase coordinately upregulate indoxyl sulfate-induced angiotensinogen expression in proximal tubular cells
In chronic kidney disease (CKD), indoxyl sulfate, a uremic toxin, accumulates in serum, and the expression of angiotensinogen (AGT) is upregulated in renal proximal tubular cells. The present study aimed to determine the relationship between indoxyl sulfate and the upregulation of AGT expression in proximal tubular cells. Indoxyl sulfate induced expression of AGT in rat renal cortex and in cultured human proximal tubular cells (HK-2). In proximal tubular cells, indoxyl sulfate induced phosphorylation of cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) on Ser-133, and small interfering RNA (siRNA) specific to CREB inhibited ind...
Source: AJP: Cell Physiology - April 1, 2013 Category: Cytology Authors: Shimizu, H., Saito, S., Higashiyama, Y., Nishijima, F., Niwa, T. Tags: ARTICLES Source Type: research

PKC{delta}-IRAK1 axis regulates oxidized LDL-induced IL-1{beta} production in monocytes Research Articles
This study examined the role of interleukin (IL)-1 receptor-associated kinase (IRAK) and protein kinase C (PKC) in oxidized LDL (Ox-LDL)-induced monocyte IL-1β production. In THP1 cells, Ox-LDL induced time-dependent secretory IL-1β and IRAK1 activity; IRAK4, IRAK3, and CD36 protein expression; PKC-JNK1 phosphorylation; and AP-1 activation. IRAK1/4 siRNA and inhibitor (INH)-attenuated Ox-LDL induced secreted IL-1β and pro-IL-1β mRNA and pro-IL-1β and mature IL-1β protein expression, respectively. Diphenyleneiodonium chloride (NADPH oxidase INH) and N-acetylcysteine (free radical scavenger) att...
Source: The Journal of Lipid Research - June 30, 2014 Category: Lipidology Authors: Tiwari, R. L., Singh, V., Singh, A., Rana, M., Verma, A., Kothari, N., Kohli, M., Bogra, J., Dikshit, M., Barthwal, M. K. Tags: Research Articles Source Type: research

The Sineoculis Homeobox Homolog 1 (SIX1) Gene Regulates Paclitaxel Resistance by Affecting Reactive Oxygen Species and Autophagy in Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Line HepG2.
CONCLUSIONS Knockdown of SIX1 increased cell ROS levels and autophagy, promoted cell apoptosis, and enhanced TAX sensitivity of HepG2 cells. PMID: 29656300 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Medical Science Monitor - April 18, 2018 Category: Research Tags: Med Sci Monit Source Type: research

BIX-01294 induces autophagy-associated cell death via EHMT2/G9a dysfunction and intracellular reactive oxygen species production.
Abstract We screened a chemical library in MCF-7 cells stably expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP)-conjugated microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) (GFP-LC3-MCF-7) using cell-based assay, and identified BIX-01294 (BIX), a selective inhibitor of euchromatic histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2 (EHMT2), as a strong autophagy inducer. BIX enhanced formation of GFP-LC3 puncta, LC3-II, and free GFP, signifying autophagic activation. Inhibition of these phenomena with chloroquine and increasement in punctate dKeima ratio (550/438) signal indicated that BIX activated autophagic flux. BIX-induced cell...
Source: Autophagy - December 1, 2013 Category: Cytology Authors: Kim Y, Kim YS, Kim DE, Lee JS, Song JH, Kim HG, Cho DH, Jeong SY, Jin DH, Jang SJ, Seol HS, Suh YA, Lee SJ, Kim CS, Koh JY, Hwang JJ Tags: Autophagy Source Type: research

Nox2/ROS-dependent human antigen R translocation contributes to TNF-α-induced SOCS-3 expression in human tracheal smooth muscle cells.
Abstract Elevated levels of TNF-α have been detected in the airway fluids, which may induce up-regulation of inflammatory proteins. Suppressors of cytokine signaling (SOCS)-3 proteins can be induced by various cytokines and negatively regulated inflammatory responses. Although TNF-α has been shown to induce SOCS-3 expression, the mechanisms underlying TNF-α-induced SOCS-3 expression in human tracheal smooth muscle cells (HTSMCs) remain unclear. Here, we showed that TNF-α induced SOCS-3 expression in HTSMCs and in the airways of mice, which was inhibited by pretreatment with the inhibitor of transcription level...
Source: Am J Physiol Lung Ce... - January 10, 2014 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Hsu CK, Lee IT, Lin CC, Hsiao LD, Yang CM Tags: Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol Source Type: research

Nox2/ROS-dependent human antigen R translocation contributes to TNF-{alpha}-induced SOCS-3 expression in human tracheal smooth muscle cells
Elevated levels of TNF-α have been detected in the airway fluids, which may induce upregulation of inflammatory proteins. Suppressors of cytokine signaling (SOCS)-3 proteins can be induced by various cytokines and negatively regulated inflammatory responses. Although TNF-α has been shown to induce SOCS-3 expression, the mechanisms underlying TNF-α-induced SOCS-3 expression in human tracheal smooth muscle cells (HTSMCs) remain unclear. Here, we showed that TNF-α induced SOCS-3 expression, which was inhibited by pretreatment with the inhibitor of transcription level (actinomycin D), translation level ...
Source: AJP: Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology - March 15, 2014 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Hsu, C.-K., Lee, I.-T., Lin, C.-C., Hsiao, L.-D., Yang, C.-M. Tags: ARTICLES Source Type: research

Molecular regulation of the expression of leptin by hypoxia in human coronary artery smooth muscle cells
Conclusion: Hypoxia in HCASMCs increases leptin expression through the induction of AngII, ROS, and the JNK pathway to enhance atherosclerosis in HCASMCs.
Source: Journal of Biomedical Science - January 9, 2015 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Chiung-Zuan ChiuBao-Wei WangKou-Gi Shyu Source Type: research

Reactive oxygen species activated NLRP3 inflammasomes initiate inflammation in hyperosmolarity stressed human corneal epithelial cells and environment-induced dry eye patients.
Abstract In studies on dry eye (DE) disease, an association has been identified between tear film hyperosmolarity and inflammation severity elicited through receptor-induced increases in proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine release. These immune reactions might be mediated by inflammasomes, macromolecular complexes mounted around the NLRP3 protein and can be activated by reactive oxygen species (ROS) over-generation. Hence in this study we determine whether: a) ROS activated NLRP3 inflammasomes mediate hyperosmotic stress-induced inflammation in human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs); b) the ROS-NLRP3-IL-1β axi...
Source: Experimental Eye Research - February 18, 2015 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Zheng Q, Ren Y, Reinach PS, Xiao B, Lu H, Zhu Y, Qu J, Chen W Tags: Exp Eye Res Source Type: research

TNF-α Activates High-Mobility Group Box 1 - Toll-Like Receptor 4 Signaling Pathway in Human Aortic Endothelial Cells
Conclusion: Upon TNF-α stimulation, TLR4 is activated by HMGB1 that is immediately released after the generation of reactive oxygen species, and plays a crucial role in the signal transduction.Cell Physiol Biochem 2016;38:2139-2151
Source: Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry - May 17, 2016 Category: Cytology Source Type: research

Angiotensin(1-7) attenuated Angiotensin II-induced hepatocyte EMT by inhibiting NOX-derived H2O2-activated NLRP3 inflammasome/IL-1 β/Smad circuit.
Angiotensin(1-7) attenuated Angiotensin II-induced hepatocyte EMT by inhibiting NOX-derived H2O2-activated NLRP3 inflammasome/IL-1β/Smad circuit. Free Radic Biol Med. 2016 Jul 18; Authors: Zhang LL, Huang S, Ma XX, Zhang WY, Wang D, Jin SY, Zhang YP, Li Y, Li X Abstract Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is correlated with NAPDH oxidase (NOX)-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS). The ROS-induced NOD-like receptor pyrin domain containing-3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is a novel mechanism of EMT. Angiotensin II (AngII) induces EMT by regulating intracellular ROS. Nevertheless, it has not been reported w...
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - July 17, 2016 Category: Biology Authors: Zhang LL, Huang S, Ma XX, Zhang WY, Wang D, Jin SY, Zhang YP, Li Y, Li X Tags: Free Radic Biol Med Source Type: research

FOXO3a-dependent up-regulation of Mxi1-0 promotes hypoxia-induced apoptosis in endothelial cells.
In this study, we found that hypoxia increased Mxi1-0 expression, and the Mxi1-0 siRNA could inhibit caspase-8 activation and apoptosis in HUVECs induced by hypoxia. In addition, hypoxia induced FOXO3 activation, while Mxi1-0 expression and apoptosis were inhibited by transfection with FOXO3 siRNA. Using ChIP assay, we confirmed that FOXO3a binds to the Mxi1-0 promoter region. Furthermore, hypoxia treatment leads to remarkable production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), while ROS scavenger N-acetyl-L-cysteine inhibits hypoxia-induced ROS production, apoptosis and FOXO3a-mediated Mxi1-0 up-regulation. Finally, we found tha...
Source: Cellular Signalling - August 14, 2018 Category: Cytology Authors: Hu Z, Wang F, Wu Z, Gu H, Dong N, Jiang X, Xu J, Wu Z, Wechsler DS, Zheng D Tags: Cell Signal Source Type: research

PGA 2 -induced expression of HO-1 is mediated by transcriptional upregulation of Nrf2
ConclusionThese findings suggest that PGA2 inducesHO-1 transcription via an increase in Nrf2 protein, the transcription of which is initiated by an accumulation of ROS that is independent of the p38MAPK activation pathway.
Source: Molecular and Cellular Toxicology - October 1, 2018 Category: Cytology Source Type: research