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Infectious Disease: Hepatitis

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Total 297 results found since Jan 2013.

HMGB1-induced autophagy facilitates hepatic stellate cells activation: a new pathway in liver fibrosis
High-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) plays a context-dependent role in autophagy, which is required for hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) activation. However, the significance of HMGB1-induced HSCs autophagy in liver fibrosis has not been elucidated. Here, we first documented an enrichment of peripheral and intra-hepatic HMGB1 signal in hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related liver fibrosis progression, and presented the direct evidence of anatomic proximity of HMGB1 with a-SMA (a marker for HSCs activation) in cirrhotic liver specimens. Then, we demonstrated the autophagy-inducing effects by serum-sourced HMGB1 in both primary murine HS...
Source: Clinical Science - June 15, 2018 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Li, J., Zeng, C., Zheng, B., Liu, C., Tang, M., Jiang, Y., Chang, Y., Song, W., Wang, Y., Yang, C. Tags: PublishAheadOfPrint Source Type: research

URG11 Regulates Prostate Cancer Cell Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion.
Abstract Upregulated gene 11 (URG11), a new gene upregulated by hepatitis B virus X protein, is involved in the development and progression of several tumors, including liver, stomach, lung, and colon cancers. However, the role of URG11 in prostate cancer remains yet to be elucidated. By determined expression in human prostate cancer tissues, URG11 was found significantly upregulated and positively correlated with the severity of prostate cancer, compared with that in benign prostatic hyperplasia tissues. Further, the mRNA and protein levels of URG11 were significantly upregulated in human prostate cancer cell lin...
Source: Biomed Res - June 30, 2018 Category: Research Authors: Pan B, Ye Y, Liu H, Zhen J, Zhou H, Li Y, Qu L, Wu Y, Zeng C, Zhong W Tags: Biomed Res Int Source Type: research

Overcoming immune tolerance in chronic hepatitis B by therapeutic vaccination
Publication date: June 2018Source: Current Opinion in Virology, Volume 30Author(s): Claudia Dembek, Ulrike Protzer, Michael RoggendorfThe currently used nucleoside analogs (i.e. entecavir and tenofovir) with high barrier-to-resistance efficiently suppress viral replication, limit inflammation and reduce the sequelae of chronic hepatitis B, but cannot cure the disease and thus have to be applied long-term. Therapeutic vaccination as an approach to cure chronic hepatitis B has shown promising pre-clinical results, nevertheless the proof of its efficacy in clinical trials is still missing. This may be partially due to subopti...
Source: Current Opinion in Virology - July 5, 2018 Category: Virology Source Type: research

siRNA drug development against hepatitis B virus infection
Volume 18, Issue 6, June 2018, Page 609-617 .
Source: Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy - May 8, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Robert Flisiak Jerzy Jaroszewicz Mariusz Łucejko Source Type: research

5′-triphosphate siRNA targeting HBx elicits a potent anti-HBV immune response in pAAV-HBV transfected mice
Publication date: Available online 15 November 2018Source: Antiviral ResearchAuthor(s): Qiuju Han, Zhaohua Hou, Chunlai Yin, Cai Zhang, Jian ZhangAbstractRNA with 5′-triphosphate (3p-RNA) is recognized by RNA sensor RIG-I (retinoic acid–inducible gene I protein). Previously, we reported that small interfering RNA targeting HBx (3p-siHBx) could confer potent anti–hepatitis B virus (HBV) efficacy via HBx silencing and RIG-I activation. However, the characteristics of innate and adaptive immunity especially exhaustion profiles in the liver microenvironment in response to 3p-siHBx therapy have not been fully elucidated. ...
Source: Antiviral Therapy - November 16, 2018 Category: Virology Source Type: research

Hepatitis C Virus Entry into Macrophages/Monocytes Mainly Depends on the Phagocytosis of Macrophages
ConclusionsHCV entry into macrophages mainly depends on phagocytosis of macrophages.
Source: Digestive Diseases and Sciences - December 10, 2018 Category: Gastroenterology Source Type: research

The Associations between Toll-Like Receptor 4 Gene Polymorphisms and Hepatitis C Virus Infection: A systematic and meta-analysis.
CONCLUSION: We demonstrated that rs4986790 and rs2149356 are associated with HCV infection. PMID: 30765614 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Bioscience Reports - February 14, 2019 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Chaiwiang N, Poyomtip T Tags: Biosci Rep Source Type: research

MicroRNA-325-3p inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma by down-regulation of aquaporin 5.
Conclusions: Our findings clearly demonstrated that introduction of miR-325-3p inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis of Huh7-1.3 and HepG2.2.15 cells by directly decreasing AQP5 expression, and that silencing AQP5 expression was essential for the pro-apoptotic effect of miR-325-3p overexpression on Huh7-1.3 and HepG2.2.15 cells. It is beneficial to gain insight into the mechanism of HBV infection and pathophysiology of HBV-related HCC. PMID: 30805015 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Cellular and Molecular Biology Letters - February 27, 2019 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Zhang Z, Han Y, Sun G, Liu X, Jia X, Yu X Tags: Cell Mol Biol Lett Source Type: research

4-Methylcoumarin-5,6-g-hesperetin attenuates inflammatory responses in alcoholic hepatitis through PPAR- γ activation.
In this study, we detected the anti-inflammatory activity of 4-MCH in EtOH fed mice and examined the potential molecular mechanism of this activity. We found that 4-MCH suppressed the release of inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in primary liver macrophages isolated from mice and in EtOH-treated RAW264.7 cells. In addition, we showed that the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) was down-regulated in vivo and in vitro in AH. Furthermore, 4-MCH acted as an activator of PPAR-γ, which could therefore ameliorate the inhibitory effects of ...
Source: Toxicology - April 1, 2019 Category: Toxicology Authors: Meng HW, You HM, Yang Y, Zhang YL, Meng XM, Ma TT, Huang C, Li J Tags: Toxicology Source Type: research

Ribonucleotide reductase M2 promotes RNA replication of hepatitis C virus by protecting NS5B protein from hPLIC1-dependent proteasomal degradation Microbiology
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) establishes a chronic infection that can lead to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The HCV life cycle is closely associated with host factors that promote or restrict viral replication, the characterization of which could help to identify potential therapeutic targets. To this end, here we performed a genome-wide microarray analysis and identified ribonucleotide reductase M2 (RRM2) as a cellular factor essential for HCV replication. We found that RRM2 is up-regulated in response to HCV infection in quiescent hepatocytes from humanized chimeric mouse livers. To elucidate the molecular basis of ...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - April 11, 2019 Category: Chemistry Authors: Bouchra Kitab, Masaaki Satoh, Yusuke Ohmori, Tsubasa Munakata, Masayuki Sudoh, Michinori Kohara, Kyoko Tsukiyama-Kohara Tags: Microbiology Source Type: research

C-terminal Truncated HBx Reduces Doxorubicin Cytotoxicity via ABCB1 Upregulation in Huh-7 Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells.
Abstract Hepatitis B virus (HBV) encoding the HBV x protein (HBx) is a known causative agent of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Its pathogenic activities in HCC include interference with several signaling pathways associated with cell proliferation and apoptosis. Mutant C-terminal-truncated HBx isoforms are frequently found in human HCC and have been shown to enhance proliferation and invasiveness leading to HCC malignancy. We investigated the molecular mechanism of the reduced doxorubicin cytotoxicity by C-terminal truncated HBx. Cells transfected with C-terminal truncated HBx exhibited reduced cytotoxicity to do...
Source: BMB Reports - April 14, 2019 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Jegal ME, Jung SY, Han YS, Kim YJ Tags: BMB Rep Source Type: research

MiR-3613-3p impairs IFN-induced immune response by targeting CMPK1 in chronic hepatitis B.
CONCLUSION: MiR-3613-3p impaired IFN-induced immune response by targeting CMPK1 in chronic hepatitis B. PMID: 31201869 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Infection, Genetics and Evolution - June 11, 2019 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Zhao Y, Yu Y, Ye L Tags: Infect Genet Evol Source Type: research

HBx combined with AFB1 triggers hepatic steatosis via COX-2-mediated necrosome formation and mitochondrial dynamics disorder.
Abstract Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) exposure have been recognized as independent risk factors for the occurrence and exacerbation of hepatic steatosis but their combined impacts and the potential mechanisms remain to be further elucidated. Here, we showed that exposure to AFB1 impaired mitochondrial dynamics and increased intracellular lipid droplets (LDs) in the liver of HBV-transgenic mice in vivo and the hepatitis B virus X protein (HBx)-expressing human hepatocytes both ex vivo and in vitro. HBx combined with AFB1 exposure also up-regulated receptor interaction protein 1 (RIP1), ...
Source: J Cell Mol Med - July 6, 2019 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Chen YY, Lin Y, Han PY, Jiang S, Che L, He CY, Lin YC, Lin ZN Tags: J Cell Mol Med Source Type: research

Viruses, Vol. 11, Pages 651: Effects of Moloney Leukemia Virus 10 Protein on Hepatitis B Virus Infection and Viral Replication
We report that MOV10 down-regulation, using siRNA, shRNA, and CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology, resulted in increased levels of HBV DNA, HBV pre-genomic RNA, and HBV core protein. In contrast, MOV10 over-expression reduced HBV DNA, HBV pre-genomic RNA, and HBV core protein. These effects were consistent in all tested cell lines, providing strong evidence for the involvement of MOV10 in the HBV life cycle. We demonstrated that MOV10 does not interact with HBV-core. However, MOV10 binds HBV pgRNA and this interaction does not affect HBV pgRNA decay rate. We conclude that the restriction of HBV by MOV10 is mediated through...
Source: Viruses - July 16, 2019 Category: Virology Authors: Maritza N. Puray-Chavez Mahmoud H. Farghali Vincent Yapo Andrew D. Huber Dandan Liu Tanyaradzwa P. Ndongwe Mary C. Casey Thomas G. Laughlin Mark Hannink Philip R. Tedbury Stefan G. Sarafianos Tags: Article Source Type: research