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Total 90 results found since Jan 2013.

UCLA and City of Hope scientists use nanoparticles to shut down mechanism that drives cancer growth
When scientists develop cancer therapies, they target the features that make the disease deadly: tumor growth, metastasis, recurrence and drug resistance. In epithelial cancers — cancers of the breast, ovaries, prostate, skin and bladder, which begin in the organs’ lining — these processes are controlled by a genetic program called epithelial–mesenchymal transition. UCLA Jeffrey Zink Epithelial–mesenchymal transition is regulated by a protein called Twist, which means that Twist directly influences the development of cancer, its spread to other organs and its return after remission. In a major step toward devel...
Source: UCLA Newsroom: Health Sciences - July 3, 2015 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: news

Carvedilol suppresses migration and invasion of malignant breast cells by inactivating Src involving cAMP/PKA and PKCδ signaling pathway
Conclusions: CAR was an anti-metastatic agent, which targets Src involving cAMP/PKA or PKCδ pathway in malignant breast cells.
Source: Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics - January 9, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Gao DezongMa ZhongbingFu QinyeYu Zhigang Source Type: research

Gli-1 is crucial for hypoxia-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition and invasion of breast cancer
The objective of this study was to evaluate the role of Gli-1, an effector of the Hedgehog pathway, in the hypoxia-induced EMT and invasion of breast cancer cells. Human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells were transfected with HIF-1α or Gli-1-specific small interfering RNA (siRNA) and cultured under a normoxic or hypoxic condition. The relative levels of HIF-1α, Gli-1, E-cadherin, and vimentin in the cells were characterized by quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot assays, and the invasion of MDA-MB-231 cells was determined. Data was analyzed by Student T test, one-way ANOVA, and post hoc LSD test or Mann-Whitney U when appli...
Source: Tumor Biology - December 14, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Abstract 971: Phosphatase PTP4A3 is critical for cell growth of triple-negative breast cancer
Conclusion: These studies identified a set of highly expressed phosphatases that represent promising targets for the treatment of TNBCs. We also demonstrated that one of these phosphatases, PTP4A3, is critical for the growth of TNBCs in vitro and in vivo, and PTP4A3 expression is prognostic in women with TNBC. These results provide the rationale for further study of growth promoting phosphatases and suggest that such phosphatases may be targeted for the treatment of this aggressive form of breast cancer. Research supported by: Susan G. Komen for the Cure (PB, GM), Komen SAB, and the Norman Brinker Award for Research Excell...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Hollander, P. d., Tismelzon, A., Shepherd, J., Rawls, K. R., Hill, J. L., Mazumdar, A., Hilsenbeck, S. G., Mills, G. B., Brown, P. H. Tags: Molecular and Cellular Biology Source Type: research

Phosphorylation of AKT induced by phosphorylated Hsp27 confers the apoptosis-resistance in t-AUCB-treated glioblastoma cells in vitro
Abstract The aim of this study is to determine whether phosphorylation of AKT could be effected by t-AUCB-induced p-Hsp27 and whether p-AKT inhibition sensitizes glioblastoma cells to t-AUCB, and to evaluate the effects of simultaneous inhibition of p-Hsp27 and p-AKT on t-AUCB treated glioblastoma cells. Cell growth was detected using CCK-8 assay; Caspase-3 activity assay kits and flow cytometry were used in apoptosis analysis; Western blot analysis was used to detect p-Hsp27 and p-AKT levels; RNA interference using the siRNA oligos of Hsp27 was performed to knockdown gene expression of Hsp27. All data were analyz...
Source: Journal of Neuro-Oncology - September 9, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Characterization of GAB1 expression over the menstrual cycle in women with and without Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome provides a new insight into its pathophysiology.
Conclusions: GAB1 mRNA expression is positively modulated by E2. Endometrial GAB1 protein and mRNA expression are reduced in women with PCOS, suggesting that the endometrium of PCOS women have a defect in insulin signaling due to GAB1 down-regulation. PMID: 25144631 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism - August 21, 2014 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Roemer KL, Young SL, Savaris RF Tags: J Clin Endocrinol Metab Source Type: research

hsa-mir-30c promotes the invasive phenotype of metastatic breast cancer cells by targeting NOV/CCN3
Conclusions: NOV/CCN3 expression, which protects cells from invasion, is known in patient tumors to inversely correlate with advanced breast cancer and metastasis. This study has identified a novel target of hsa-mir-30c, NOV, which is an inhibitor of the invasiveness of metastatic breast cancer cells. Thus, hsa-mir-30c-mediated inhibition of NOV levels promotes the invasive phenotype of MDA-MB-231 cells and significantly, the miR-30/NOV pathways is independent of RUNX2, a known target of hsa-mir-30c that promotes osteolytic disease in metastatic breast cancer cells. Our findings allow for mechanistic insight into the clini...
Source: Cancer Cell International - August 2, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Jason DobsonHanna TaipaleenmäkiYu-Jie HuDeli HongAndre van WijnenJanet SteinGary SteinJane LianJitesh Pratap Source Type: research

Therapeutic Targeting of Integrin {alpha}v{beta}6 in Breast Cancer
Conclusions Targeting αvβ6 with 264RAD alone or in combination with trastuzumab may provide a novel therapy for treating high-risk and trastuzumab-resistant breast cancer patients.
Source: JNCI - June 28, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Moore, K. M., Thomas, G. J., Duffy, S. W., Warwick, J., Gabe, R., Chou, P., Ellis, I. O., Green, A. R., Haider, S., Brouilette, K., Saha, A., Vallath, S., Bowen, R., Chelala, C., Eccles, D., Tapper, W. J., Thompson, A. M., Quinlan, P., Jordan, L., Gillett Tags: Article Source Type: research

Oral cancer cells may rewire alternative metabolic pathways to survive from siRNA silencing of metabolic enzymes
Conclusions: Our results indicate that the metabolic defects introduced by siRNA silencing of metabolic enzymes TKT or AK2 may be compensated by alternative feedback metabolic mechanisms, suggesting that cancer cells may overcome single defective pathways through secondary metabolic network adaptations. The highly robust nature of oral cancer cell metabolism implies that a systematic medical approach targeting multiple metabolic pathways may be needed to accomplish the continued improvement of cancer treatment.
Source: BMC Cancer - March 25, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Min ZhangYang ChaiJeffrey BrumbaughXiaojun LiuRamin RabiiSizhe FengKaori MisunoDiana MessadiShen Hu Source Type: research

Anti-tumor activity of olaparib, a poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor, in cultured endometrial carcinoma cells
Conclusions: Our results suggest that olaparib, a PARP inhibitor, is effective on certain endometrial cancer cell lines. Inactivation of PTEN might not affect the DNA repair function. Predictive biomarkers are warranted to utilize olaparib in endometrial cancer.
Source: Epidemiologic Perspectives and Innovations - March 13, 2014 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Aki MiyasakaKatsutoshi OdaYuji IkedaOsamu Wada-HiraikeTomoko KashiyamaAtsushi EnomotoNoriko HosoyaTakahiro KosoTomohiko FukudaKanako InabaKenbun SoneYuriko UeharaReiko KurikawaKazunori NagasakaYoko MatsumotoTakahide ArimotoShunsuke NakagawaHiroyuki Kuramo Source Type: research

SMYD3 as an Oncogenic Driver in Prostate Cancer by Stimulation of Androgen Receptor Transcription
Conclusions SMYD3 promotes prostate tumorigenesis and mediates epigenetic upregulation of AR expression.
Source: JNCI - November 19, 2013 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Liu, C., Wang, C., Wang, K., Liu, L., Shen, Q., Yan, K., Sun, X., Chen, J., Liu, J., Ren, H., Liu, H., Xu, Z., Hu, S., Xu, D., Fan, Y. Tags: Article Source Type: research

Combating Resistance to Anti-IGFR Antibody by Targeting the Integrin {beta}3-Src Pathway
Conclusions Increased Src activation through integrin αβ3 confers considerable resistance against anti–IGF-1R mAb-based therapies in HNSCC and NSCLC cells. Dual targeting of the IGF-1R pathway and collateral integrin β3–Src signaling module may override this resistance.
Source: JNCI - October 15, 2013 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Shin, D. H., Lee, H.-J., Min, H.-Y., Choi, S. P., Lee, M.-S., Lee, J. W., Johnson, F. M., Mehta, K., Lippman, S. M., Glisson, B. S., Lee, H.-Y. Tags: Article Source Type: research

Cigarette smoke enhances human rhinovirus-induced CXCL8 production via HuR-mediated mRNA stabilization in human airway epithelial cells
Background: Human rhinovirus (HRV) triggers exacerbations of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Cigarette smoking is the leading risk factor for the development of COPD and 25% of asthmatics smoke. Smoking asthmatics have worse symptoms and more frequent hospitalizations compared to non-smoking asthmatics. The degree of neutrophil recruitment to the airways correlates with disease severity in COPD and during viral exacerbations of asthma. We have previously shown that HRV and cigarette smoke, in the form of cigarette smoke extract (CSE), each induce expression of the neutrophil chemoattractant and act...
Source: BioMed Central - August 30, 2013 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Magdalena H HudyDavid Proud Source Type: research

MicroRNA-497 increases apoptosis in MYCN amplified neuroblastoma cells by targeting the key cell cycle regulator WEE1
Conclusion: Our study’s results are consistent with miR-497 being a candidate tumor suppressor in neuroblastoma, through the direct targeting of WEE1. These findings re-enforce the proposal of WEE1 as a therapeutic target in neuroblastoma.
Source: Molecular Cancer - March 26, 2013 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Laura CreeveyJacqueline RyanHarry HarveyIsabella BrayMaria MeehanAdnan KhanRaymond Stallings Source Type: research

ABCA siRNA Transfection of Neurons & Astrocytes
In this study, Dr. Marina Guizzetti and his team use our i-Fect Kit and several other commercially available kits to knockdown ABCG1 and ABCG4: Jing Chen, Xiaolu Zhang, Handojo Kusumo, Lucio G. Costa, c, Marina Guizzettia. Cholesterol efflux is differentially regulated in neurons and astrocytes: Implications for brain cholesterol homeostasis. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids, 1831 (2), p.263-275, Feb 2013. doi:10.1016/j.bbalip.2012.09.007. Abstract: Disruption of cholesterol homeostasis in the central nervous system (CNS) has been associated with neurological, neurodegenerative...
Source: siRNA and DsiRNA Transfection Efficiency - November 17, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Tags: ABCA1 i-Fect siRNA Delivery in vitro siRNA Transfection Efficiency siRNA transfection of neurons siRNA trasfection of astrocytes Source Type: news