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Total 244 results found since Jan 2013.

MALAT1 promotes the proliferation and metastasis of osteosarcoma cells by activating the PI3K/Akt pathway
Abstract Metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1), one of the first found cancer-associated long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), involves in the development and progression of many types of tumors. An aberrant expression of MALAT1 was observed in hepatocellular carcinoma, cervical cancer, breast cancer, ovarian cancer, and colorectal cancer. However, the exact effects and molecular mechanisms of MALAT1 in osteosarcoma progression are still unknown up to now. Here, we investigated the role of MALAT1 in human osteosarcoma cell lines and clinical tumor samples in order to determine the function of th...
Source: Tumor Biology - November 27, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Progestin and antiprogestin responsiveness in breast cancer is driven by the PRA/PRB ratio via AIB1 or SMRT recruitment to the CCND1 and MYC promoters
Abstract There is emerging interest in understanding the role of progesterone receptors (PRs) in breast cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the proliferative effect of progestins and antiprogestins depending on the relative expression of the A (PRA) and B (PRB) isoforms of PR. In mifepristone (MFP)‐resistant murine carcinomas antiprogestin responsiveness was restored by re‐expressing PRA using demethylating agents and histone deacetylase inhibitors. Consistently, in two human breast cancer xenograft models, one manipulated to overexpress PRA or PRB (IBH‐6 cells), and the other expressing only PRA (T47D...
Source: International Journal of Cancer - November 1, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Victoria Wargon, Marina Riggio, Sebastián Giulianelli, Gonzalo R. Sequeira, Paola Rojas, María May, María L. Polo, María A. Gorostiaga, Britta Jacobsen, Alfredo Molinolo, Virginia Novaro, Claudia Lanari Tags: Cancer Therapy Source Type: research

CUB Domain Containing Protein 1 (CDCP1) modulates adhesion and motility in colon cancer cells
Conclusions: A number of recent studies have assigned a potentially important role for the cell-surface protein CDCP1 in invasion and metastasis of a several types of human cancer cells. In this study, CDCP1 was shown to modulate cell-substratum adhesion and motility in colon cancer cell lines, with some variation depending on the colon cancer cell type. CDCP1 and CD9 were co-expressed at the mRNA and protein level and we obtained evidence for the presence of a molecular complex of these proteins in SW480 colon cancer cells.
Source: BMC Cancer - October 9, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: David Orchard-WebbThong LeeGraham CookG Blair Source Type: research

JMY protein, a regulator of P53 and cytoplasmic actin filaments, is expressed in normal and neoplastic tissues
Abstract JMY is a p300-binding protein with dual action: by enhancing P53 transcription in the nucleus, it plays an important role in the cellular response to DNA damage, while by promoting actin filament assembly in the cytoplasm; it induces cell motility in vitro. Therefore, it has been argued that, depending of the cellular setting, it might act either as tumor suppressor or as oncogene. In order to further determine its relevance to human cancer, we produced the monoclonal antibody HMY 117 against a synthetic peptide from the N-terminus region and characterized it on two JMY positive cell lines, MCF7 and HeLa,...
Source: Virchows Archiv - October 4, 2014 Category: Pathology Source Type: research

The basal epithelial marker P-cadherin associates with breast cancer cell populations harboring a glycolytic and acid-resistant phenotype
Conclusions: Our results establish a link between aberrant P-cadherin expression and hypoxic, glycolytic and acid-resistant breast cancer cells, suggesting a possible role for this marker in cancer cell metabolism.
Source: BMC Cancer - October 1, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Bárbara SousaAna RibeiroAna NobreNair LopesDiana MartinsCéline PinheiroAndré VieiraAndré AlbergariaRené GerhardFernando SchmittFátima BaltazarJoana Paredes Source Type: research

Abstract 2923: Identification and validation of dysregulated MAPK7 (ERK5) as a novel oncogenic target in squamous cell lung and esophageal carcinoma
MAPK7/ERK5 (extracellular-signal-regulated kinase 5) is the effector kinase of a canonical three-tiered MAPK (mitogen activated protein kinase) signalling cascade comprising MEK (MAPK/ERK kinase) 5, MEKK(MEK kinase) 2/3 and ERK5 itself(1). Under normal physiological conditions, MEK5 and ERK5 are ubiquitously expressed and are activated by growth factors and cellular stresses to perform roles in blood vessel, cardiac and muscle development(2). Although the MAPK7-axis is the least well studied of the MAPK-signaling pathways, evidence suggests that it plays a role in the pathology of cancer, in particular; breast cancer progr...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Gavine, P. R., Wang, M., Yu, D., Hu, E., Huang, C., Xia, J., Su, X., Fan, J., Zhang, T., Ye, Q., Zheng, L., Xie, L., Han, L., Zhu, G., Qian, Z., Luo, Q., Hou, Y., Ji, Q. Tags: Experimental and Molecular Therapeutics Source Type: research

Abstract 1131: Snail- and ERK2-dependent signaling enhances breast cancer cell resistance to hydroxytamoxifen
Snail transcription factor and MAPK/ERK signaling regulate EMT and chemotherapy resistance in various tumor models by binding to target promoters (i.e., E-cadherin, maspin, ER-α). ERK1 is expressed during embryogenesis and in non-metastatic cells; ERK2 is implicated during vasculogenesis and promotes stem cell phenotype in triple negative breast cancer. Nuclear-localized ERK is associated with more active and potentially metastatic breast and ovarian carcinoma cells; cytoplasmic-localized ERK is a good prognostic factor. The role that Snail plays during the transition from cytoplasmic ERK1 to nuclear ERK2 has not been inv...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Smith, B. N., Nagappan, P., Taliaferro-Smith, L., Mezencev, R., Yates, C., Hinton, C., Odero-Marah, V. Tags: Tumor Biology Source Type: research

Abstract 1148: Epithelial to mesenchymal transition might be induced via CD44 isoform switch in colorectal cancer
We examined the association between the EMT status and CD44 isoform switch, and analyzed the correlation with clinicopathological factors and prognosis. Finally, we evaluated the effect of CD44 knockdown by siRNA in CRC cell lines by measuring the proliferation, migration and invasion ability. Results: 1. The CRC cell lines were classified into 8 epithelial, 4 mesenchymal and 2 intermediate type. Of these cell lines, CD44s was highly expressed in mesenchymal type cell lines, whereas, CD44v9 was highly expressed in epithelial type cell lines. 2. The 150 CRC patients were divided into 115 epithelial group and 35 mesenchymal ...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Mashita, N., Yamada, S., Iwata, N., Kanda, M., Kobayashi, D., Tanaka, C., Fujii, T., Nakayama, G., Sugimoto, H., Koike, M., Nomoto, S., Fujiwara, M., Kodera, Y. Tags: Tumor Biology Source Type: research

Abstract 2944: Decline in arylsulfatase B (N-acetylgalactosamine-4-sulfatase) leads to increased expression of the transmembrane glycoprotein GPNMB
The enzyme arylsulfatase B (ARSB; N-acetylgalactosamine-4-sulfatase), which removes 4-sulfate groups from chondroitin-4-sulfate (C4S) and dermatan sulfate, is reduced in malignant human epithelial breast, colonic, and prostate cells and tissues. Lower ARSB immunohistochemical scores have been associated with shorter intervals to recurrence in paired cases of prostate cancer and with propensity for metastasis in malignant colonic cells. The transmembrane glycoprotein GPNMB has been shown to be increased in malignant melanoma, glioblastoma multiforme, and mammary carcinoma, and is a target of antibody therapy in triple-negat...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Bhattacharyya, S., Feferman, L., Tobacman, J. K. Tags: Molecular and Cellular Biology Source Type: research

Abstract 1992: Y-box protein-associated acidic protein promotes breast cancer progression and is a potential molecular target
The Y-Box protein- associated acidic protein (YBAP1), also known as Complement component 1, q subcomponent binding protein, is a multifunctional protein which is involved in in the regulation of complement activation, pre-mRNA splicing and mitochondrial function. As YBAP1 has been implicated in tumorigenesis, this study evaluates its role in breast cancer metastasis. YBAP1 mRNA expression was analysed by quantitative real time RT-PCR and YBAP1 protein by Western blot, immunocytochemical and immunofluorescence staining in a panel of breast cancer cell lines. Down-regulation of the YBAP1 gene in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Scully, O. J., Thike, A. A., Yip, G. W.-C., Tan, P. H., Matsumoto, K., Bay, B. H. Tags: Tumor Biology Source Type: research

Abstract 2003: CPE-delta-N promotes metastasis by regulating Nedd9 and Yap1 expression
We report here that the carboxypeptidase E gene (CPE) is alternatively spliced in human tumors to yield an N-terminal truncated protein (CPE-DELTA-N) that drives metastasis. CPE-DELTA-N mRNA was elevated in human metastatic colon, breast and HCC cell lines. Suppression of CPE-DELTA-N expression in these cell lines by si-RNA significantly inhibited their growth migration and invasion. To confirm these observations in vivo, an orthotopic nude mouse model was established. The mice implanted with a tumor derived from HCC cells transfected with si- CPE-DELTA-N RNA in the liver did not show tumor growth or metastasis, compared t...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Murthy, S. R. K., Lee, T. K., Cawley, N. X., Hewitt, S. M., Loh, P. Y. Tags: Tumor Biology Source Type: research

Abstract 4070: Functional differences of actinin isoforms in the formation of invadopodia by invasive cancer cells
In this study, we studied the roles of and functional differences between actinin-1 and -4 in invadopodia formation to determine the impact of actinin-4 expression on cancer cells. Immunofluorescence analysis showed that both actinin-1 and -4 clearly localized at invadopodia in RPMI-7951 human melanoma cells and there was no obvious difference in their localization patterns. Likewise, invadopodia formation and degradation of fluorescent gelatin matrix were blocked by siRNA-mediated knockdown of either actinin-1 or -4. In contrast, only actinin-4, but not actinin-1, promoted invadopodia-mediated gelatin degradation activity...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Ito, Y., Yamaguchi, H., Fukami, K., Honda, K., Miura, N., Yamada, T., Sakai, R. Tags: Tumor Biology Source Type: research

Abstract 3334: The role of nuclear HER3 in breast cancer resistance
HER3 is reported to be overexpressed in 18-29% of human breast cancers and suggested to be a marker of reduced disease-specific survival in 4,406 patients with invasive breast carcinoma. Overexpression and subcellular localization of HER3 may be a negative predictive marker for targeted therapies, and HER3 status may play a role in the development of drug resistance and metastasis. Translocation of ERBB family members EGFR, HER2 and HER4 into nucleus for regulating gene transcription have been reported, but only a few studies about nuclear HER3 have been reported and the biological role of nuclear HER3 is still unknown. HE...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Tang, P. M. K., Khoo, U. S., Harris, A. L., Kong, A. Tags: Molecular and Cellular Biology Source Type: research

Trefoil factor 3 promotes metastatic seeding and predicts poor survival outcome of patients with mammary carcinoma AU Query: Please confirm the address additions or amend accordingly.
Conclusions: TFF3 expression predicts metastasis and poor survival outcome of patients with MC and functionally stimulates cellular invasion and metastasis of ER?+?MC cells. Adjuvant functional inhibition of TFF3 may therefore be considered to ameliorate outcome of ER?+?MC patients.
Source: Breast Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Vijay PandeyZheng-Sheng WuMin ZhangRui LiJian ZhangTao ZhuPeter Lobie Source Type: research

Abstract 4755: Estrogen receptor mediates novel mechanisms of estrogen-induced growth and tamoxifen resistance in invasive lobular carcinoma
Invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) is a histological subtype of breast cancer representing ∼10% of newly diagnosed breast tumors. Over 90% of ILC cases are ER-positive, however, endocrine response and estrogen signaling are not well described in ILC. Retrospective analyses suggest that ILC patients treated with endocrine therapy have poorer outcomes than invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) patients with similar biomarkers, and that ILC patients may not benefit from adjuvant tamoxifen. Additionally, we have recently identified ILC-specific ER-target genes and de novo tamoxifen resistance driven by ER in ILC model systems. Based...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Sikora, M. J., Bahreini, A., Oesterreich, S. Tags: Endocrinology Source Type: research