The β-amylase PbrBAM3 from pear (Pyrus betulaefolia) regulates soluble sugar accumulation and ROS homeostasis in response to cold stress
Publication date: Available online 9 July 2019Source: Plant ScienceAuthor(s): Liangyi Zhao, Tianyuan Yang, Caihua Xing, Huizheng Dong, Kaijie Qi, Junzhi Gao, Shutian Tao, Juyou Wu, Jun Wu, Shaoling Zhang, Xiaosan HuangAbstractβ-Amylase (BAM) is involved in sugar metabolism, but the role of BAM genes in cold tolerance remains poorly understood. Here, we report the identification and functional characterization of the chloroplast-localized BAM-encoding gene PbrBAM3 isolated from Pyrus betulaefolia. The transcript levels of PbrBAM3 were up-regulated under cold, dehydration and ABA, but repressed by maltose. Overexpression of...
Source: Plant Science - July 10, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: research
In Silico Genome-Wide Analysis of the Pear (Pyrus bretschneideri) KNOX Family and the Functional Characterization of PbKNOX1, an Arabidopsis BREVIPEDICELLUS Orthologue Gene, Involved in Cell Wall and Lignin Biosynthesis
Stone cells are a characteristic trait of pear fruit, but the contents and sizes of stone cells negatively correlate with fruit texture and flavour. Secondary cell wall thickening and lignification have been established as key steps of stone cell development. KNOTTED-LIKE HOMEOBOX (KNOX) proteins play important roles in plant cell growth and development, including cell wall formation and lignification. Although the characteristics and biological functions of KNOX proteins have been investigated in other plants, this gene family has not been functionally characterized in pear. Eighteen PbKNOX genes were identified in the pr...
Source: Frontiers in Genetics - July 4, 2019 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
Effects of melatonin treatment on the enzymatic browning and nutritional quality of fresh-cut pear fruit
Publication date: Available online 2 July 2019Source: Food ChemistryAuthor(s): Huanhuan Zheng, Wei Liu, Shuai Liu, Changhong Liu, Lei ZhengAbstractThe effects of exogenous melatonin treatment on the enzymatic browning and nutritional quality of fresh-cut pear fruit were investigated. Fresh-cut fruit soaked with 0, 0.05, 0.1 and 0.5 mM melatonin were stored at 4 ℃. Our results showed that 0.1 mM melatonin treatment was optimal for reducing the surface browning and maintaining the titratable acidity of the fresh-cut fruit, which significantly decreased MDA and H2O2 contents and the growth of microorganism, enhanced total p...
Source: Food Chemistry - July 3, 2019 Category: Food Science Source Type: research
Characterization, quantification of free, esterified and bound phenolics in Kainth (Pyrus pashia Buch.-ham. ex D.Don) fruit pulp by UPLC-ESI-HRMS/MS and evaluation of their antioxidant activity
Publication date: Available online 2 July 2019Source: Food ChemistryAuthor(s): Om Prakash, Revathy Baskaran, V.B. KudachikarAbstractUPLC-ESI-HRMS/MS was used to identify the free, esterified and bound phenolic compounds in Kainth fruit extracts. In total, around 17, 15 and 18 free, esterified and bound phenolic compounds respectively were identified. Among these, Procyanidin B2, Epicatechin, Phloridzin, , Hesperetin, etc. are being reported for the first time. The total phenolic content of free, esterified and bound fractions were 178.33 ± 6.90, 151.33 ± 7.73 and 707.16 ± 19.77 mg GAE/ 100g of fruit. The major phenolic ...
Source: Food Chemistry - July 3, 2019 Category: Food Science Source Type: research
Genetic diversity of diazotrophs and total bacteria in the phyllosphere of Pyrus serotina, Prunus armeniaca, Prunus avium, and Vitis vinifera
In conclusion, our work sheds light on the microbial communities of the phyllosphere that are important for plant growth. Moreover, we observed a unique composition of nitrogen-fixing bacteria in each phyllosphere sample, suggesting the existence of specific interactions between these functional microorganism and plants, which may pr ovide information or be a reference for the development of bacterial fertilizers. (Source: Canadian Journal of Microbiology)
Source: Canadian Journal of Microbiology - June 25, 2019 Category: Microbiology Authors: Shengxian Liang Hao Liu Shanghua Wu Shengjun Xu Decai Jin Francesco Faiola Xuliang Zhuang Guoqiang Zhuang Dong Qu Haiyan Fan Zhihui Bai Source Type: research
Genes, Vol. 10, Pages 476: Expression and Regulation of PpEIN3b during Fruit Ripening and Senescence via Integrating SA, Glucose, and ACC Signaling in Pear (Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai. Whangkeumbae)
In this study, one gene encoding an EIN3 was cloned and identified from Whangkeumbae and designated PpEIN3b. The deduced PpEIN3b contained a conserved EIN3 domain, a bipartite nuclear localization signal profile (NLS_BP), and an N-6 adenine-specific DNA methylase signature (N6_MTASE). PpEIN3b belongs to the EIN3 super-family by phylogenetic analysis. Quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis revealed that PpEIN3b was preferentially expressed in fruit. Additionally, its expression was developmentally regulated during fruit ripening and senescence. Furthermore, PpEIN3b transcripts were obviously repressed by salicylic acid (SA)...
Source: Genes - June 20, 2019 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Shi Zhang Chen Tags: Article Source Type: research
Identification of hexokinase family members in pear (Pyrus × bretschneideri) and functional exploration of PbHXK1 in modulating sugar content and plant growth.
Abstract
Hexokinase (HXK) is a multifunctional protein that serves as a sugar sensor for glucose signaling and a catalyst for glycolysis. It has been well studied in many species, however, there is far less information about this family in pear. To investigate the roles of HXK in the growth and development of pear fruit, we performed a genome-wide analysis and identified the HXK gene family members in pear. In addition, we functionally characterized a glucose sensor gene, PbHXK1, in P. bretschneideri. In total, 10 HXK genes were identified in pear, and a multiple sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysi...
Source: Gene - June 12, 2019 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Zhao B, Qi K, Yi X, Chen G, Xing L, Qi X, Zhang S Tags: Gene Source Type: research
Optimization model for ultrasonic-assisted and scale-up extraction of Anthocyanins from Pyrus communis ‘Starkrimson’ fruit peel
Publication date: Available online 11 June 2019Source: Food ChemistryAuthor(s): Tarun Belwal, Hao Huang, Li Li, Zhenhua Duan, Xuebing Zhang, Halah Aalim, Luo ZishengAbstractUltrasonic effect on extraction of cyanidin-3-galactoside (Cy3-gal) from pear fruit peel was investigated and compared with conventional extraction (CE) method. Different process factors were tested to determine the optimum conditions for ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE). Results revealed that under optimized UAE conditions (ultrasonic power=162 W, temperature=71°C, trifluoroacetic acid=3%, ethanol=57%, ultrasonication time=11 min, and sample to so...
Source: Food Chemistry - June 12, 2019 Category: Food Science Source Type: research
GABA application improves the mitochondrial antioxidant system and reduces peel browning in ‘Nanguo’ pears after removal from cold storage
In this study, we aimed to determine how γ-aminobutyrate (GABA) affects the mitochondrial oxidation defense system in ‘Nanguo’ pears and how it might be used to prevent post-refrigeration peel browning. We found that fruit treated with GABA browned slower, and had lower browning indices and reactive oxygen and malondialdehyde content; increased peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, alternating oxidase, and catalase enzyme activities; and heightened enzyme-related gene expression. The mitochondria of GABA-treated fruit also showed less damage following cold storage, and there were decreases in mitochondrial membrane permea...
Source: Food Chemistry - June 5, 2019 Category: Food Science Source Type: research
Effects of the Consumption of Prickly Pear Cacti (Opuntia spp.) and its Products on Blood Glucose Levels and Insulin: A Systematic Review.
Conclusion: Currently, there is a lack of evidence to support the recommendation of using Opuntia spp. fruit products as an alternative or complementary therapy in the reduction of risk or management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. The Cladode does however show promise in potential glucose-lowering effects which warrant further investigation.
PMID: 31096667 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Medicina (Kaunas))
Source: Medicina (Kaunas) - May 14, 2019 Category: Universities & Medical Training Authors: Gouws CA, Georgousopoulou EN, Mellor DD, McKune A, Naumovski N Tags: Medicina (Kaunas) Source Type: research
Phenolic compound profile and biological activities of Southern African Opuntia ficus-indica fruit pulp and peels
This study investigated the phenolic compound profiles and biological activities of Opuntia prickly pear fruit and peel extracts and the effect of drying methods on extract yields and bioactivities. Ethanolic, methanolic and hexane extracts of freeze-dried Opuntia peels showed better in vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial activities compared to oven-dried peel and fruit pulp extracts. In most cases, freeze-dried samples also showed better extract yields. Antibacterial activities of the extracts were better against Gram-positive (inhibition zone range of 8.0–18.8 mm) compared to Gram-negative (inhibition zone range of 1...
Source: LWT Food Science and Technology - May 12, 2019 Category: Food Science Source Type: research
Characterization of Dof family in Pyrus bretschneideri and role PbDof9.2 in flowering time regulation.
In this study, we identified 45 PbDofs in pear (Pyrusbretschneideri). PbDofs were classified into eight subfamilies by phylogenetic analysis. Conserved motifs of PbDof proteins were analyzed by MEME. PbDofs in subfamily D1 werehomologous to CDFs in Arabidopsis. In this study, we showed that PbDof9.2 was regulated by both the circadian clock and photoperiod. PbDof9.2-GFP proteinwas localized in the nucleus. Overexpression of PbDof9.2 in Arabidopsis caused delayed flowering time. PbDof9.2 suppressed the flowering time regulator FT and could repress flowering time by promoting activity of PbTFL1a and PbTFL1b promoter. These r...
Source: Genomics - May 8, 2019 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Liu X, Liu Z, Hao Z, Chen G, Qi K, Zhang H, Jiao H, Wu X, Zhang S, Wu J, Wang P Tags: Genomics Source Type: research
Overexpression of PbrNHX2 gene, a Na+/H+ antiporter gene isolated from Pyrus betulaefolia, confers enhanced tolerance to salt stress via modulating ROS levels
In this report, we report the identification and functional characterization of PbrNHX2 isolated from Pyrus betulaefolia. PbrNHX2 expression levels were induced by salt, and dehydration, but was unaffected by cold. PbrNHX2 was localized in the tonoplast. Overexpression of PbrNHX2 in tobacco and Pyrus ussuriensis conferred enhanced tolerance to salt tolerance, whereas down-regulation of PbrNHX2 in Pyrus betulaefolia by virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) resulted in elevated salt sensitivity. The transgenic lines contained lower levels of Na+, higher levels of K+, and higher K/Na ratio, whereas they were changed in an oppos...
Source: Plant Science - May 1, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: research
Genome-Wide Analysis of WRKY Genes and Their Response to Hormone and Mechanic Stresses in Carrot
This study provides an in-depth insight into the evolution and expression of WRKY gene family in carrot.
Materials and Methods
Identification of Putative WRKY Proteins in Carrot
To comprehensively identify the carrot WRKY genes, genome sequences of this plant were downloaded from the Phytozome (https://phytozome.jgi.doe.gov/pz/portal.html#) (Iorizzo et al., 2016), and the WRKY domain (PF03106) was downloaded from Pfam (http://pfam.xfam.org/). All candidate carrot WRKY genes were firstly obtained via searching against the genome with PF03106 file using HMMER3.0 software (http://hmmer.janelia.org/) with parameters...
Source: Frontiers in Genetics - April 30, 2019 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research
Pear Extract and Malaxinic Acid Reverse Obesity, Adipose Tissue Inflammation, and Hepatosteatosis in Mice
ConclusionOur results demonstrate that PE supplementation ameliorates diet ‐induced obesity and associated metabolic complications and suggest the health‐beneficial effects of both pear fruits and malaxinic acid in counteracting these diseases.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved (Source: Molecular Nutrition and Food Research)
Source: Molecular Nutrition and Food Research - April 28, 2019 Category: Food Science Authors: Xuan T. Truong,
Thuy T.P. Nguyen,
Man ‐Jong Kang,
Chang Hwa Jung,
Sueun Lee,
Changjong Moon,
Jae‐Hak Moon,
Tae‐Il Jeon Tags: Food & Function Source Type: research
