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Circulating IRF8-expressing CD123 + CD127 + lymphoid progenitors: key players in human hematopoiesis
Trends Immunol. 2023 Aug 15:S1471-4906(23)00138-2. doi: 10.1016/j.it.2023.07.004. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTLymphopoiesis is the process in which B and T cells, and innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) develop from hematopoietic progenitors that exhibit early lymphoid priming. The branching points where lymphoid-primed human progenitors are further specified to B/T/ILC differentiation trajectories remain unclear. Here, we discuss the emerging role of interferon regulatory factor (IRF)8 as a key factor to bridge human lymphoid and dendritic cell (DC) differentiation, and the current evidence for the existence of circulating and...
Source: Trends in Immunology - August 17, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Kai Ling Liang Elisa Laurenti Tom Taghon Source Type: research

T RM cells: not born this way
Trends Immunol. 2023 Aug 15:S1471-4906(23)00155-2. doi: 10.1016/j.it.2023.08.001. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTHuman tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cells seeded early in life undergo an age-associated functional maturation and residency acquisition throughout childhood.PMID:37591711 | DOI:10.1016/j.it.2023.08.001 (Source: Trends in Immunology)
Source: Trends in Immunology - August 17, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Allison Clatch Susan N Christo Laura K Mackay Source Type: research

Immune defenses in the urinary tract
Trends Immunol. 2023 Aug 15:S1471-4906(23)00135-7. doi: 10.1016/j.it.2023.07.001. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTRecent advances in preclinical modeling of urinary tract infections (UTIs) have enabled the identification of key facets of the host response that influence pathogen clearance and tissue damage. Here, we review new insights into the functions of neutrophils, macrophages, and antimicrobial peptides in innate control of uropathogens and in mammalian infection-related tissue injury and repair. We also discuss novel functions for renal epithelial cells in innate antimicrobial defense. In addition, epigenetic modifica...
Source: Trends in Immunology - August 17, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Hunter W Kuhn Teri N Hreha David A Hunstad Source Type: research

Protists protecting food tolerance
Trends Immunol. 2023 Aug 15:S1471-4906(23)00157-6. doi: 10.1016/j.it.2023.08.003. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTCeliac disease (CeD) is an immune disorder characterized by gluten intolerance that can be unleashed by enteric viral infections in mice. However, Sanchez-Medina et al. recently identified a murine commensal protist, Tritrichomonas arnold, that protects against reovirus-induced intolerance to dietary protein by counteracting virus-induced epithelial stress and proinflammatory dendritic cell (DC) activation.PMID:37591713 | DOI:10.1016/j.it.2023.08.003 (Source: Trends in Immunology)
Source: Trends in Immunology - August 17, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Macy R Komnick Daria Esterh ázy Source Type: research

To eat or not to eat: type 2 immunity controls food avoidance behavior
Trends Immunol. 2023 Aug 15:S1471-4906(23)00154-0. doi: 10.1016/j.it.2023.07.007. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTGrowing evidence suggests that food allergies are regulated by neuroimmune interactions. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Plum et al. and Florsheim et al. identify IgE-mediated mast cell activation, leukotrienes, and growth differentiating factor 15 (GDF15) as key regulators of the avoidance response to food allergens in mice.PMID:37586904 | DOI:10.1016/j.it.2023.07.007 (Source: Trends in Immunology)
Source: Trends in Immunology - August 16, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Albana L Kodra Daniel Mucida Source Type: research

Melanoma-derived mediators can foster the premetastatic niche: crossroad to lymphatic metastasis
Trends Immunol. 2023 Aug 10:S1471-4906(23)00136-9. doi: 10.1016/j.it.2023.07.002. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe natural history of advanced malignant melanoma demonstrates that, in most cases, widespread tumor dissemination is preceded by regional metastases involving tumor-draining lymph nodes [sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs)]. Under physiological conditions, LNs play a central role in immunosurveillance to non-self-antigens to which they are exposed via afferent lymph. The dysfunctional immunity in SLNs is mediated by tumor secretory factors that allow the survival of metastatic melanoma cells within the LN by creating a...
Source: Trends in Immunology - August 12, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Shankar Suman Svetomir N Markovic Source Type: research

Molecular mechanisms insulating proliferation from genotoxic stress in B lymphocytes
Trends Immunol. 2023 Aug 10:S1471-4906(23)00134-5. doi: 10.1016/j.it.2023.06.010. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTIn mammals, B cells strictly segregate proliferation from somatic mutation as they develop within the bone marrow and then mature through germinal centers (GCs) in the periphery. Failure to do so risks autoimmunity and neoplastic transformation. Recent work has described how B cell progenitors transition between proliferation and mutation via cytokine signaling pathways, epigenetic chromatin regulation, and remodeling of 3D chromatin conformation. We propose a three-zone model of the GC that describes how prolife...
Source: Trends in Immunology - August 12, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Nathaniel E Wright Malay Mandal Marcus R Clark Source Type: research