Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Potential therapeutic strategies for osteoarthritis via CRISPR/Cas9 mediated gene editing
AbstractOsteoarthritis (OA) is an incapacitating and one of the most common physically degenerative conditions with an assorted etiology and a highly complicated molecular mechanism that to date lacks an efficient treatment. The capacity to design biological networks and accurately modify existing genomic sites holds an apt potential for applications across medical and biotechnological sciences. One of these highly specific genomes editing technologies is the CRISPR/Cas9 mechanism, referred to as the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats, which is a defense mechanism constituted by CRISPR associated pro...
Source: Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders - December 6, 2023 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

An update on the secretory functions of brown, white, and beige adipose tissue: Towards therapeutic applications
AbstractAdipose tissue, including white adipose tissue (WAT), brown adipose tissue (BAT), and beige adipose tissue, is vital in modulating whole-body energy metabolism. While WAT primarily stores energy, BAT dissipates energy as heat for thermoregulation. Beige adipose tissue is a hybrid form of adipose tissue that shares characteristics with WAT and BAT. Dysregulation of adipose tissue metabolism is linked to various disorders, including obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and infertility. Both brown and beige adipocytes secrete multiple molecules, such as batokines, packaged in extracellular vesicl...
Source: Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders - December 5, 2023 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Efficacy and tolerability of somatostatin analogues according to gender in patients with neuroendocrine tumors
AbstractAs the incidence of neuroendocrine tumors has been rising, gender differences in epidemiology and clinical behavior have emerged, and interest into a gender-driven management of these tumors has grown with the aim to improve survival and quality of life of these patients. Somatostatin Analogues represent the first line of systemic treatment of both functional and non-functional neuroendocrine tumors, through the expression of somatostatin receptors (SSTRs) in the tumor cells, and proved effective in controlling hormonal hypersecretion and inhibiting tumor growth, improving progression-free survival and overall surv...
Source: Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders - December 5, 2023 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Association between protein undernutrition and diabetes: Molecular implications in the reduction of insulin secretion
AbstractUndernutrition is still a recurring nutritional problem in low and middle-income countries. It is directly associated with the social and economic sphere, but it can also negatively impact the health of the population. In this sense, it is believed that undernourished individuals may be more susceptible to the development of non-communicable diseases, such as diabetes mellitus, throughout life. This hypothesis was postulated and confirmed until today by several studies that demonstrate that experimental models submitted to protein undernutrition present alterations in glycemic homeostasis linked, in part, to the re...
Source: Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders - December 4, 2023 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Epigenetic programming for obesity and noncommunicable disease: From womb to tomb
AbstractSeveral epidemiological, clinical and experimental studies in recent decades have shown the relationship between exposure to stressors during development and health outcomes later in life. The characterization of these susceptible phases, such as preconception, gestation, lactation and adolescence, and the understanding of factors that influence the risk of an adult individual for developing obesity, metabolic and cardiovascular diseases, is the focus of the DOHaD (Developmental Origins of Health and Disease) research line. In this sense, advancements in molecular biology techniques have contributed significantly t...
Source: Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders - December 2, 2023 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

New insights in thyroid diagnosis and treatment
AbstractThe prevalence of thyroid disease continues to rise. As a consequence, the research in the thyroid field has significantly increased over time. Thus, clinicians, and endocrinologists first, have to be aware of the important continuous progress achieved, in particular of thyroid cancer, to better manage their patients. This themed issue, titled “New Insights in Thyroid Diagnosis and Treatment,” delves deep into contemporary hot topics in thyroid field. These papers included in the present issue are focused on several aspects in this area, such as imaging, molecular analysis, machine learning and radiomics, nucle...
Source: Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders - December 2, 2023 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Dynamic risk assessment in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer
AbstractThe current approach for patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma should be individualized according to the risk of recurrence, and this stratification could be used to identify the risk of persistent/recurrent disease in three scenarios: preoperatively, immediately postoperatively, and during long-term follow-up. The initial risk of recurrence will tailor the management of the patient in the preoperative and immediate postoperative settings, while the dynamic risk, which considers the responses to treatment, could guide the decision-making process for remnant ablation and long-term management.This review pro...
Source: Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders - November 28, 2023 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Current practice in intermediate risk differentiated thyroid cancer – a review
AbstractAlthough the overall prognosis for differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) is excellent, a subset of patients will experience disease recurrence or may not respond to standard treatments. In recent years, DTC management has become more personalized in order to enhance treatment efficacy and avoid unnecessary interventions.In this context, major guidelines recommend post-surgery staging to assess the risk of disease persistence, recurrence, and mortality. Consequently, risk stratification becomes pivotal in determining the necessity of postoperative adjuvant therapy, which may include radioiodine therapy (RIT), the degr...
Source: Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders - November 23, 2023 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Circadian alignment of food intake and glycaemic control by time-restricted eating: A systematic review and meta-analysis
AbstractDaily rhythms of metabolic function are supported by molecular circadian clock systems that are strongly regulated by feeding and fasting. Intermittent fasting diets have been associated with weight loss and improved metabolism. However, the effects of time-restricted eating (TRE) on glycemic parameters are still under debate. In this review, we aim to systematically analyze the effects of TRE on glycemic parameters. We searched on PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library for controlled studies in which subjects followed TRE for at least 4  weeks. 20 studies were included in the qualitative systematic review, and ...
Source: Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders - November 22, 2023 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Correction to: Preoperative systemic inflammatory markers as prognostic factors in differentiated thyroid cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
(Source: Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders)
Source: Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders - November 18, 2023 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Thyroid cancer and insulin resistance
In conclusion, the association between thyroid cancer and diabetes may be explained by insulin resistance, as shown in observational studies. However, the causal role is yet to be defined. Although the wide use of different antidiabetic agents has been related to thyroid cancer prevalence and progression, future research with drugs such as metformin or GLP-1 RA is still needed. (Source: Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders)
Source: Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders - November 14, 2023 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Thyroid ultrasound and its ancillary techniques
AbstractUltrasound (US) of the thyroid has been used as a diagnostic tool since the late 1960s. US is the most important imaging tool for diagnosing thyroid disease. In the majority of cases a correct diagnosis can already be made in synopsis of the sonographic together with clinical findings and basal thyroid hormone parameters. However, the characterization of thyroid nodules by US remains challenging. The introduction of Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data Systems (TIRADSs) has improved diagnostic accuracy of thyroid cancer significantly. Newer techniques such as elastography, superb microvascular imaging (SMI), contrast...
Source: Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders - November 10, 2023 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Molecular testing for thyroid nodules: Where are we now?
AbstractApproximately 25% of the fine needle aspiration samples (FNAB) of thyroid nodules are classified as “indeterminate samples”, that means, Bethesda III and IV categories. Until the last decade, most of these cases underwent diagnostic surgery, although only a minority (13–34%) confirmed malignancy postoperatively. In view of this, with the objective of improving the preoperative diagnosis in t hese cases, the molecular tests emerged, which are validated from the diagnostic point of view, presenting good performance, with good diagnostic accuracy, being able to avoid diagnostic surgeries. With the advancement of...
Source: Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders - October 30, 2023 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Clinical and molecular impact of concurrent thyroid autoimmune disease and thyroid cancer: From the bench to bedside
AbstractThe recent incorporation of immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting the PD-1 (programmed cell death receptor 1) and CTLA-4 (cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4) pathways into the therapeutic armamentarium of cancer has increased the need to understand the correlation between the immune system, autoimmunity, and malignant neoplasms. Both autoimmune thyroid diseases and thyroid cancer are common clinical conditions. The molecular pathology of autoimmune thyroid diseases is characterized by the important impact of the PD-1/PD-L1 axis, an important inhibitory pathway involved in the regulation of T-cell responses. Insuffic...
Source: Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders - October 27, 2023 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Hypoprolactinemia. Does it matter? Redefining the hypopituitarism and return from a mumpsimus
AbstractProlactin (PRL) is secreted by the lactotroph cells in the anterior pituitary gland which is under inhibitory control of dopamine. The mature human PRL has more than 300 physiological actions including lactation, reproduction, homeostasis, neuroprotection, behavior, water and electrolyte balance, immunoregulation and embryonic and fetal development. PRL is involved in the growth and development of mammary gland, preparation of the breast for lactation in the postpartum period, synthesis of milk, and maintenance of milk secretion. Abnormalities in the synthesis and secretion of PRL may result in hyperprolactinemia o...
Source: Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders - October 25, 2023 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research