Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Individualised prescription of medications for treatment of obesity in adults
AbstractObesity continues to increase in prevalence globally, driven by changes in environmental factors which have accelerated the development of obesity in individuals with an underlying predisposition to weight gain. The adverse health effects and increased risk for chronic disease associated with obesity are ameliorated by weight loss, with greater benefits from larger amounts of weight reduction. Obesity is a heterogeneous condition, with the drivers, phenotype and complications differing substantially between individuals. This raises the question of whether treatments for obesity, specifically pharmacotherapy, can be...
Source: Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders - May 18, 2023 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

How to address weight regain after bariatric surgery in an individualized way
AbstractBariatric surgery is the most effective obesity treatment. As a chronic and progressive disease, weight loss response to surgery will vary individually. Thus, insufficient weight loss or regain can happen after surgery, but they lack a standard definition. There are different mechanisms underlying weight regain and/or insufficient weight loss, such as genetics, maladaptive eating behaviors, and the inadequate choice of index operations, among others. Patients with weight regain or insufficient weight loss should be submitted to an individualized and comprehensive evaluation by a multidisciplinary team. This may hel...
Source: Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders - May 12, 2023 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Incomplete penetrance and variable expressivity in monogenic diabetes; a challenge but also an opportunity
AbstractMonogenic Forms of Diabetes (MFD) account for about 3% of all diabetes, and their accurate diagnosis often results in life-changing therapeutic reassignment for the patients. Like other Mendelian diseases, reduced penetrance and variable expressivity are often seen in several different types of MFD, where symptoms develop only in a portion of the persons who carry the pathogenic variant or vary widely in symptom severity and age of onset. This complicates diagnosis and disease management in MFD. In addition to its clinical importance, knowledge of genetic modifiers that confer penetrance and expressivity variabilit...
Source: Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders - May 11, 2023 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Towards an adiposity-related disease framework for the diagnosis and management of obesities
AbstractObesity is a complex disease that relapses frequently and associates with multiple complications that comprise a worldwide health priority because of its rising prevalence and association with numerous complications, including metabolic disorders, mechanic pathologies, and cancer, among others. Noteworthy, excess adiposity is accompanied by chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, insulin resistance, and subsequent organ dysfunction. This dysfunctional adipose tissue is initially stored in the visceral depot, overflowing subsequently to produce lipotoxicity in ectopic depots like liver, heart, muscle, and pancreas, ...
Source: Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders - May 10, 2023 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Physical activity and exercise for weight loss and maintenance in people living with obesity
AbstractPhysical activity and exercise training programs are integral part of a comprehensive obesity management approach. In persons with overweight or obesity, exercise training, specifically aerobic (i.e. endurance) training, is associated with significant additional weight loss compared to the absence of training. However the magnitude of effect remains modest amounting to only 2 –3 kg additional weight loss on average. Comparable effects have been observed for total fat loss. Exercise training, specifically aerobic training, is also associated with decreased abdominal visceral fat as assessed by imaging techniques,...
Source: Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders - May 5, 2023 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Towards precision medicine in bariatric surgery prescription
AbstractObesity is a complex, multifactorial and chronic disease. Bariatric surgery is a safe and effective treatment intervention for obesity and obesity-related diseases. However, weight loss after surgery can be highly heterogeneous and is not entirely predictable, particularly in the long-term after intervention. In this review, we present and discuss the available data on patient-related and procedure-related factors that were previously appointed as putative predictors of bariatric surgery outcomes. In addition, we present a critical appraisal of the available evidence on which factors could be taken into account whe...
Source: Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders - May 2, 2023 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Contribution of the microbiome for better phenotyping of people living with obesity
AbstractObesity has reached epidemic proportion worldwide and in all ages. Available evidence points to a multifactorial pathogenesis involving gene predisposition and environmental factors. Gut microbiota plays a critical role as a major interface between external factors, i.e., diet, lifestyle, toxic chemicals, and internal mechanisms regulating energy and metabolic homeostasis, fat production and storage. A shift in microbiota composition is linked with overweight and obesity, with pathogenic mechanisms involving bacterial products and metabolites (mainly endocannabinoid-related mediators, short-chain fatty acids, bile ...
Source: Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders - April 29, 2023 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Advancing precision public health for obesity in children
AbstractWorldwide, far too many children and adolescents are living with the disease of obesity. Despite decades of public health initiatives, rates are still rising in many countries. This raises the question of whether precision public health may be a more successful approach to preventing obesity in youth. In this review, the objective was to review the literature on precision public health in the context of childhood obesity prevention and to discuss how precision public health may advance the field of childhood obesity prevention. As precision public health is a concept that is still evolving and not fully identifiabl...
Source: Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders - April 14, 2023 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Future lines of research on phase angle: Strengths and limitations
AbstractBioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is the most widely used technique in body composition analysis. When we focus the use of phase sensitive BIA on its raw parameters Resistance (R), Reactance (Xc) and Phase Angle (PhA), we eliminate the bias of using predictive equations based on reference models. In particular PhA, have demonstrated their prognostic utility in multiple aspects of health and disease. In recent years, as a strong association between prognostic and diagnostic factors has been observed, scientific interest in the utility of PhA has increased. In the different fields of knowledge in biomedical rese...
Source: Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders - April 12, 2023 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Genetics and epigenetics in the obesity phenotyping scenario
AbstractObesity is a common complex trait that elevates the risk for various diseases, including type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. A combination of environmental and genetic factors influences the pathogenesis of obesity. Advances in genomic technologies have driven the identification of multiple genetic loci associated with this disease, ranging from studying severe onset cases to investigating common multifactorial polygenic forms. Additionally, findings from epigenetic analyses of modifications to the genome that do not involve changes to the underlying DNA sequence have emerged as key signatures in the develo...
Source: Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders - April 10, 2023 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

The immune microenviroment in somatotropinomas: from biology to personalized and target therapy
AbstractPituitary tumors are rare neoplasms, with a heterogeneous biological and clinical behavior, due to their clinical course, local invasive growth, resistance to conventional therapies and the risk of disease progression. Recent studies on tumor microenvironment (TME) provided new knowledge on the biology of these neoplasia, that may explain the different phenotypes of these tumors and suggest new biomarkers able to predict the prognosis and the treatment outcome. The identification of molecular markers that act as targets for biological therapies may open new perspectives in the medical treatments of aggressive pitui...
Source: Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders - April 1, 2023 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research