Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

How does Hashimoto ’s thyroiditis affect bone metabolism?
AbstractBone marrow contains resident cellular components that are not only involved in bone maintenance but also regulate hematopoiesis and immune responses. The immune system and bone interact with each other, coined osteoimmunology. Hashimoto ’s thyroiditis (HT) is one of the most common chronic autoimmune diseases which is accompanied by lymphocytic infiltration. It shows elevating thyroid autoantibody levels at an early stage and progresses to thyroid dysfunction ultimately. Different effects exert on bone metabolism during different phases of HT. In this review, we summarized the mechanisms of the long-term effects...
Source: Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders - December 13, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Phase angle (PhA) in overweight and obesity: evidence of applicability from diagnosis to weight changes in obesity treatment
AbstractPhase angle (PhA) is a recently proposed marker of nutritional status in many clinical conditions. Its use in patients with obesity presents different critical concerns due to the higher variability of the two measured parameters (resistance, R, and reactance, Xc) that contribute to the determination of PhA. Controversial is the relation between PhA and BMI that might vary with graded levels of obesity due to the variation in fat and free fat mass. Obesity is frequently associated with metabolic, hepatic, cardiovascular and kidney diseases that introduce variations in PhA values, in relation to multimorbidity and s...
Source: Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders - December 9, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Diagnostic and prognostic utility of phase angle in patients with cancer
AbstractPatients with cancer experience dynamic and longitudinal changes in nutritional status and body composition along the disease trajectory. They often want to know about their outlook with regard to treatment outcomes and overall survival. One of the commonly used measures for body composition is bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). BIA is an easy-to-use, quick, inexpensive, noninvasive, and reproducible technique that is often incorporated in daily clinical practice. Phase angle (PA), which is derived from BIA, is an indicator of cell membrane health and integrity. Higher PA values reflect better cell function, h...
Source: Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders - December 9, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Phase angle and cellular health: inflammation and oxidative damage
AbstractPhase angle is a composite measure that combines two raw bioelectrical impedance analysis measures: resistance and reactance. Phase angle has been considered an indicator of cellular health, integrity, and hydration. As inflammation and oxidative stress can damage cellular structures, phase angle has potential utility in early detecting inflammatory and oxidative status. Herein, we aimed to critically review the current understanding on the determinants of phase angle and its relationship with markers of inflammation and oxidative stress. We also discussed the potential role of phase angle in detecting chronic infl...
Source: Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders - December 7, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Role of phase angle in older adults with focus on the geriatric syndromes sarcopenia and frailty
AbstractAge-related changes in body composition reflect an increased risk for disease as well as disability. Bioimpedance analysis is a safe and inexpensive bed side method to measure body composition, but the calculation of body compartments with BIA is hampered in older adults. Phase angle, a raw parameter derived from bioimpedance analysis, is free from calculation-inherent errors. It declines with age and disease and is highly predictive of a variety of clinical outcomes as well as mortality. This review summarizes the current evidence linking the phase angle to geriatric syndromes such as malnutrition, sarcopenia and ...
Source: Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders - December 2, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Aging and androgens: Physiology and clinical implications
AbstractIn men > ~35 years, aging is associated with perturbations in the hypothalamus-pituitary–testicular axis and declining serum testosterone concentrations. The major changes are decreased gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) outflow and decreased Leydig cell responsivity to stimulation by luteinizing hormone (LH). These physiologic changes increase the prevalence of biochemical secondary hypogonadism—a low serum testosterone concentration without an elevated serum LH concentration. Obesity, medications such as opioids or corticosteroids, and systemic disease further reduce GnRH and LH secreti on and...
Source: Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders - December 2, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Androgens, aging, and prostate health
AbstractDue to late onset hypogonadism (LOH), there is an increased usage of testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) in the aging male population. Since prostate is a target organ for androgens and anti-androgenic strategies are used to treat and palliate benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer (PC), the prevalence of both increases with age, the possible influence of TRT on prostate health becomes highly relevant. The present review summarizes existing data on the associations between endogenous hormone concentrations and prostate growth and concludes that circulating concentrations of androgens do not appear...
Source: Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders - December 1, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Testosterone, cognitive decline and dementia in ageing men
AbstractAs men grow older, circulating testosterone concentrations decline, while prevalence of cognitive impairment and dementia increase. Epidemiological studies of middle-aged and older men have demonstrated associations of lower testosterone concentrations with higher prevalence and incidence of cognitive decline and dementia, including Alzheimer ’s disease. In observational studies, men with prostate cancer treated by androgen deprivation therapy had a higher risk of dementia. Small intervention studies of testosterone using different measures of cognitive function have provided inconsistent results, with some sugge...
Source: Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders - December 1, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research