Intestinal Tuft Cells: Morphology, Function, and Implications for Human Health
Annu Rev Physiol. 2023 Oct 20. doi: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-042022-030310. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTTuft cells are a rare and morphologically distinct chemosensory cell type found throughout many organs, including the gastrointestinal tract. These cells were identified by their unique morphologies distinguished by large apical protrusions. Ultrastructural data have begun to describe the molecular underpinnings of their cytoskeletal features, and tuft cell-enriched cytoskeletal proteins have been identified, although the connection of tuft cell morphology to tuft cell functionality has not yet been established. Further...
Source: Physiological Reviews - October 20, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Jennifer B Silverman Paige N Vega Matthew J Tyska Ken S Lau Source Type: research
Mechanosensing by Vascular Endothelium
Annu Rev Physiol. 2023 Oct 20. doi: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-042022-030946. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTMechanical forces influence different cell types in our bodies. Among the earliest forces experienced in mammals is blood movement in the vascular system. Blood flow starts at the embryonic stage and ceases when the heart stops. Blood flow exposes endothelial cells (ECs) that line all blood vessels to hemodynamic forces. ECs detect these mechanical forces (mechanosensing) through mechanosensors, thus triggering physiological responses such as changes in vascular diameter. In this review, we focus on endothelial mechanos...
Source: Physiological Reviews - October 20, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Xin Rui Lim Osama F Harraz Source Type: research
Intestinal Tuft Cells: Morphology, Function, and Implications for Human Health
Annu Rev Physiol. 2023 Oct 20. doi: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-042022-030310. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTTuft cells are a rare and morphologically distinct chemosensory cell type found throughout many organs, including the gastrointestinal tract. These cells were identified by their unique morphologies distinguished by large apical protrusions. Ultrastructural data have begun to describe the molecular underpinnings of their cytoskeletal features, and tuft cell-enriched cytoskeletal proteins have been identified, although the connection of tuft cell morphology to tuft cell functionality has not yet been established. Further...
Source: Physiological Reviews - October 20, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Jennifer B Silverman Paige N Vega Matthew J Tyska Ken S Lau Source Type: research
Mechanosensing by Vascular Endothelium
Annu Rev Physiol. 2023 Oct 20. doi: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-042022-030946. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTMechanical forces influence different cell types in our bodies. Among the earliest forces experienced in mammals is blood movement in the vascular system. Blood flow starts at the embryonic stage and ceases when the heart stops. Blood flow exposes endothelial cells (ECs) that line all blood vessels to hemodynamic forces. ECs detect these mechanical forces (mechanosensing) through mechanosensors, thus triggering physiological responses such as changes in vascular diameter. In this review, we focus on endothelial mechanos...
Source: Physiological Reviews - October 20, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Xin Rui Lim Osama F Harraz Source Type: research
Netosis creates a link between diabetes and Long COVID
Physiol Rev. 2023 Oct 19. doi: 10.1152/physrev.00032.2023. Online ahead of print.NO ABSTRACTPMID:37855816 | DOI:10.1152/physrev.00032.2023 (Source: Physiological Reviews)
Source: Physiological Reviews - October 19, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Alain R Thierry Source Type: research
Netosis creates a link between diabetes and Long COVID
Physiol Rev. 2023 Oct 19. doi: 10.1152/physrev.00032.2023. Online ahead of print.NO ABSTRACTPMID:37855816 | DOI:10.1152/physrev.00032.2023 (Source: Physiological Reviews)
Source: Physiological Reviews - October 19, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Alain R Thierry Source Type: research
Oxidative damage in neurodegeneration: roles in the pathogenesis and progression of Alzheimer disease
Physiol Rev. 2024 Jan 1;104(1):103-197. doi: 10.1152/physrev.00030.2022.ABSTRACTAlzheimer disease (AD) is associated with multiple etiologies and pathological mechanisms, among which oxidative stress (OS) appears as a major determinant. Intriguingly, OS arises in various pathways regulating brain functions, and it seems to link different hypotheses and mechanisms of AD neuropathology with high fidelity. The brain is particularly vulnerable to oxidative damage, mainly because of its unique lipid composition, resulting in an amplified cascade of redox reactions that target several cellular components/functions ultimately lea...
Source: Physiological Reviews - October 16, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Marzia Perluigi Fabio Di Domenico D Allan Butterfield Source Type: research
Oxidative damage in neurodegeneration: roles in the pathogenesis and progression of Alzheimer disease
Physiol Rev. 2024 Jan 1;104(1):103-197. doi: 10.1152/physrev.00030.2022.ABSTRACTAlzheimer disease (AD) is associated with multiple etiologies and pathological mechanisms, among which oxidative stress (OS) appears as a major determinant. Intriguingly, OS arises in various pathways regulating brain functions, and it seems to link different hypotheses and mechanisms of AD neuropathology with high fidelity. The brain is particularly vulnerable to oxidative damage, mainly because of its unique lipid composition, resulting in an amplified cascade of redox reactions that target several cellular components/functions ultimately lea...
Source: Physiological Reviews - October 16, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Marzia Perluigi Fabio Di Domenico D Allan Butterfield Source Type: research
Oxidative damage in neurodegeneration: roles in the pathogenesis and progression of Alzheimer disease
Physiol Rev. 2024 Jan 1;104(1):103-197. doi: 10.1152/physrev.00030.2022.ABSTRACTAlzheimer disease (AD) is associated with multiple etiologies and pathological mechanisms, among which oxidative stress (OS) appears as a major determinant. Intriguingly, OS arises in various pathways regulating brain functions, and it seems to link different hypotheses and mechanisms of AD neuropathology with high fidelity. The brain is particularly vulnerable to oxidative damage, mainly because of its unique lipid composition, resulting in an amplified cascade of redox reactions that target several cellular components/functions ultimately lea...
Source: Physiological Reviews - October 16, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Marzia Perluigi Fabio Di Domenico D Allan Butterfield Source Type: research
Oxidative damage in neurodegeneration: roles in the pathogenesis and progression of Alzheimer disease
Physiol Rev. 2024 Jan 1;104(1):103-197. doi: 10.1152/physrev.00030.2022.ABSTRACTAlzheimer disease (AD) is associated with multiple etiologies and pathological mechanisms, among which oxidative stress (OS) appears as a major determinant. Intriguingly, OS arises in various pathways regulating brain functions, and it seems to link different hypotheses and mechanisms of AD neuropathology with high fidelity. The brain is particularly vulnerable to oxidative damage, mainly because of its unique lipid composition, resulting in an amplified cascade of redox reactions that target several cellular components/functions ultimately lea...
Source: Physiological Reviews - October 16, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Marzia Perluigi Fabio Di Domenico D Allan Butterfield Source Type: research
The Mineralocorticoid Receptor in the Vasculature: Friend or Foe?
Annu Rev Physiol. 2023 Oct 3. doi: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-042022-015223. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTOriginally described as the renal aldosterone receptor that regulates sodium homeostasis, it is now clear that mineralocorticoid receptors (MRs) are widely expressed, including in vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells. Ample data demonstrate that endothelial and smooth muscle cell MRs contribute to cardiovascular disease in response to risk factors (aging, obesity, hypertension, atherosclerosis) by inducing vasoconstriction, vascular remodeling, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Extrapolating from its role in di...
Source: Physiological Reviews - October 3, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Jaime Ibarrola Iris Z Jaffe Source Type: research
The Mineralocorticoid Receptor in the Vasculature: Friend or Foe?
Annu Rev Physiol. 2023 Oct 3. doi: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-042022-015223. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTOriginally described as the renal aldosterone receptor that regulates sodium homeostasis, it is now clear that mineralocorticoid receptors (MRs) are widely expressed, including in vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells. Ample data demonstrate that endothelial and smooth muscle cell MRs contribute to cardiovascular disease in response to risk factors (aging, obesity, hypertension, atherosclerosis) by inducing vasoconstriction, vascular remodeling, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Extrapolating from its role in di...
Source: Physiological Reviews - October 3, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Jaime Ibarrola Iris Z Jaffe Source Type: research
The Mineralocorticoid Receptor in the Vasculature: Friend or Foe?
Annu Rev Physiol. 2023 Oct 3. doi: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-042022-015223. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTOriginally described as the renal aldosterone receptor that regulates sodium homeostasis, it is now clear that mineralocorticoid receptors (MRs) are widely expressed, including in vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells. Ample data demonstrate that endothelial and smooth muscle cell MRs contribute to cardiovascular disease in response to risk factors (aging, obesity, hypertension, atherosclerosis) by inducing vasoconstriction, vascular remodeling, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Extrapolating from its role in di...
Source: Physiological Reviews - October 3, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Jaime Ibarrola Iris Z Jaffe Source Type: research
The Mineralocorticoid Receptor in the Vasculature: Friend or Foe?
Annu Rev Physiol. 2023 Oct 3. doi: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-042022-015223. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTOriginally described as the renal aldosterone receptor that regulates sodium homeostasis, it is now clear that mineralocorticoid receptors (MRs) are widely expressed, including in vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells. Ample data demonstrate that endothelial and smooth muscle cell MRs contribute to cardiovascular disease in response to risk factors (aging, obesity, hypertension, atherosclerosis) by inducing vasoconstriction, vascular remodeling, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Extrapolating from its role in di...
Source: Physiological Reviews - October 3, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Jaime Ibarrola Iris Z Jaffe Source Type: research
The Mineralocorticoid Receptor in the Vasculature: Friend or Foe?
Annu Rev Physiol. 2023 Oct 3. doi: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-042022-015223. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTOriginally described as the renal aldosterone receptor that regulates sodium homeostasis, it is now clear that mineralocorticoid receptors (MRs) are widely expressed, including in vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells. Ample data demonstrate that endothelial and smooth muscle cell MRs contribute to cardiovascular disease in response to risk factors (aging, obesity, hypertension, atherosclerosis) by inducing vasoconstriction, vascular remodeling, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Extrapolating from its role in di...
Source: Physiological Reviews - October 3, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Jaime Ibarrola Iris Z Jaffe Source Type: research
