Animal Models in Pharmacology: A Brief History Awarding the Nobel Prizes for Physiology or Medicine
Background: The Nobel Prize of Physiology or Medicine (NPPM) has recognized the work of 222 scientists from different nationalities, from 1901 until 2020. From the total, 186 award researchers used animal models in their projects, and 21 were attributed to scientists and projects directly related to Pharmacology. In the most recent years, genetics is a dominant scientific area, while at the beginning of the 20th century, most of the studies were more related to anatomy, cytology, and physiology.Summary: Mammalian models were used in 144 NPPM projects, being rodents the most used group of species. Moreover, 92 researchers i...
Source: Pharmacology - May 21, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
The Organic Cation Transporter 2 Inhibitor Quinidine Modulates the Neuroprotective Effect of Nerve Growth Factor and Memantine on Cholinergic Neurons of the Basal Nucleus of Meynert in Organotypic Brain Slices
Conclusion: Our data provide evidence that quinidine modulates the survival of cholinergic nBM neurons via OCT2.Pharmacology (Source: Pharmacology)
Source: Pharmacology - May 12, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Effect of Experimental Fanconi Syndrome on Tubular Reabsorption of Lithium in Rats
This study represents that the tubular reabsorption of lithium was impaired to the same degree with glomerular filtration in rats with experimental Fanconi syndrome and that the dysfunction of the tubular reabsorption of glucose and phosphate was more severe. It is possible that Fanconi syndrome inhibited the reabsorption of lithium at the proximal tubule and facilitated the reabsorption of lithium from the loop of Henle to the collecting duct.Pharmacology (Source: Pharmacology)
Source: Pharmacology - May 12, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Lycopene and Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester Affect Caspase-3 Activity, but Do Not Alter the NO Pathway in Lung Tissue Damage Induced by Cisplatin
Conclusion: It is hard to be exact in saying whether LCP or CAPE is better in preventing cis platin-induced lung damage since they obviously possess different mechanisms of action.Pharmacology (Source: Pharmacology)
Source: Pharmacology - May 11, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Utilizing Artificial Intelligence to Manage COVID-19 Scientific Evidence Torrent with Risklick AI: A Critical Tool for Pharmacology and Therapy Development
Discussion: The results demonstrate that Risklick AI is able to find COVID-19 references more effectively, both in terms of precision and recall, compared to the baseline platforms. Hence, Risklick AI could become a useful alternative assistant to scientists fighting the COVID-19 pandemic.Pharmacology (Source: Pharmacology)
Source: Pharmacology - April 28, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Daphnetin Preconditioning Decreases Cardiac Injury and Susceptibility to Ventricular Arrhythmia following Ischaemia-Reperfusion through the TLR4/MyD88/NF- Κb Signalling Pathway
Conclusions: DAP preconditioning protected against myocardial I/R injury and decreased susceptibility to ventricular arrhythmia by inhibiting the TLR4/MyD88/NF- κB signalling pathway.Pharmacology (Source: Pharmacology)
Source: Pharmacology - April 26, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Bioequivalence of a Generic Nateglinide Formulation in Healthy Chinese Volunteers under Fasting and Fed Conditions: A Randomized, Open-Label, Double-Cycle, Double-Crossover Study
Conclusions: The test formulation (0.12 g) met the CFDA ’s regulatory definition for bioequivalence to the reference formulation. Both formulations were well tolerated by healthy Chinese subjects.Trial Registration: This trial has been registered in the Chinese Clinical trial registry (ChiCTR2000030694), March 10, 2020.Pharmacology (Source: Pharmacology)
Source: Pharmacology - April 16, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Protective Effects of < b > < i > Morus nigra < /i > < /b > and Its Phytochemicals against Hepatotoxicity: A Review of Preclinical Studies
Background: Our liver has a variety of vital functions including removing poisons, storing energy, immunological roles, and secretory and excretory functions. It may face some kinds of diseases caused by viruses, hepatotoxic chemicals, drugs, alcohol, and inherited disorders. Oxidative stress and inflammation are in the core of mechanisms of liver damages induced by viruses or chemical agents.Summary:Morus nigra (M. nigra), generally known as black mulberry, exhibited wide-spectrum pharmacological effects including antidiabetic, antinociceptive, anticancer, and hepatoprotective activities. Different parts of this plant par...
Source: Pharmacology - April 13, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Trimetazidine Protects from Mercury-Induced Kidney Injury
Conclusion: TMZ exerted a renoprotective action against HgCl2-induced renal injury, which might be mediated by the reduction of oxidative stress. Considering the absence of toxicity of TMZ, its clinical application against oxidative damage due to HgCl2-induced renal injury should be considered. The fact that TMZ is commercially available should simplify and accelerate the translation of the present data “from bench to bedside.” In this context, TMZ become an interesting new example of drug repurposing.Pharmacology (Source: Pharmacology)
Source: Pharmacology - April 13, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Retraction Statement
Pharmacology (Source: Pharmacology)
Source: Pharmacology - April 6, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Astilbin Protects Against Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Liver Fibrosis in Rats
Conclusions: Taken together, these findings demonstrate that astilbin could protect against CCL4 induced-liver fibrosis in rats.Pharmacology (Source: Pharmacology)
Source: Pharmacology - March 29, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
1-Boc-Piperidine-4-Carboxaldehyde Prevents Binge-Eating Behaviour and Anxiety in Rats
Conclusions: 1-Boc-piperidine decreased, in a dose-dependent manner, the intake of calories from a succulent hyper-caloric food in a binge-eating protocol in female rats, whereas the acute exposition to this piperidine exerted an anxiolytic effect in the male rat. In both effects, the mechanism of action remains to be characterized.Pharmacology (Source: Pharmacology)
Source: Pharmacology - March 23, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Febuxostat Attenuates the Progression of Periodontitis in Rats
Conclusion: Febuxostat prevented the progression of periodontitis and associated systemic effects by inhibiting proinflammatory mediators and oxidative stress.Pharmacology (Source: Pharmacology)
Source: Pharmacology - March 18, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Treatment of Essential Thrombocythemia with Anagrelide Is Associated with an Increased Risk of Worsened Kidney Function
Conclusions and Implications: The observations indicate that ANA should be used in patients with ET with great caution and taking into account the risk of worsened kidney function.Pharmacology (Source: Pharmacology)
Source: Pharmacology - March 10, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Schisandrin Restores the Amyloid β-Induced Impairments on Mitochondrial Function, Energy Metabolism, Biogenesis, and Dynamics in Rat Primary Hippocampal Neurons
Conclusions: Our findings indicated that schisandrin significantly alleviated the A β1 –42 oligomer-induced loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and impaired cytochrome c oxidase activity. Additionally, the opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pore and release of cytochrome c were highly restricted with schisandrin treatment. Alterations in cell viability, ATP production, citrate synthase activity, and the expressions of glycolysis-related enzymes demonstrated the relief of defective energy metabolism in A β-treated neurons after the treatment of schisandrin. For mitochondrial biogenesis, elevated expre...
Source: Pharmacology - March 10, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
