Possible Therapeutic Potential of Cysteinyl Leukotriene Receptor Antagonist Montelukast in Treatment of SARS-CoV-2-Induced COVID-19
This article summarizes the possible therapeutic potential and benefits of using montelukast, a cysteinyl leukotriene 1 (CysLT1) receptor antagonist, to control COVID-19 pathophysiology. Montelukast has shown anti-inflammatory effects, reduced cytokine production, improvement in post-infection cough production and other lung complications.Key Messages: Recent reports clearly indicate a distinct role of CysLT-regulated cytokines and immunological signaling in COVID-19. Thus, montelukast may have a clinical potential to control lung pathology during COVID-19.Pharmacology (Source: Pharmacology)
Source: Pharmacology - August 2, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Aspirin I.V. Loading during Elective Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Additional loading dose of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) during percutaneous coronary interventions (PCIs) despite permanent oral ASA medication is frequently applicated. The impact on platelet reactivity and clinical events is not known. In this pilot study, we aimed to analyze high on-treatment platelet reactivity (HTPR) to aspirin in patients undergoing elective PCI. Platelet reactivity was measured using light-transmission aggregometry in 100 patients on permanent low-dose ASA medication undergoing elective PCI. Platelet reactivity measured by arachidonic acid-induced maximum of aggregation (MoA) in patients with versus w...
Source: Pharmacology - July 30, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Toward Interprofessional Education of Pharmacogenomics: An Interdisciplinary Assessment
Conclusion: Medical and pharmacy students are becoming increasingly aware of the importance of pharmacogenomics in therapy optimization. Challenges such as the complexity of the topic and low retention of previous knowledge should be addressed to promote pharmacogenomics education. More work is needed to increase students ’ exposure to pharmacogenomics information. A deeper integration of pharmacogenomics applications into pharmacology courses is proposed to emphasize applications of pharmacogenomics.Pharmacology (Source: Pharmacology)
Source: Pharmacology - July 23, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Transporters, < b > < i > TBC1D4 < /i > < /b > , and < b > < i > ARID5B < /i > < /b > Variants to Explain Glycated Hemoglobin Variability in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
Conclusions: Our results confirm previous genetic associations and point to previously unassociated gene variants for metformin PK and glucose control.Pharmacology (Source: Pharmacology)
Source: Pharmacology - July 15, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
< b > < i > Rauwolfia vomitoria < /i > < /b > Extract Represses Colorectal Cancer Cell Autophagy and Promotes Apoptosis
Conclusion: Our findings revealed that Rau repressed CRC cell viability and autophagy in vitro and in vivo, suggesting that Rau might be a potent therapeutic agent of CRC.Pharmacology (Source: Pharmacology)
Source: Pharmacology - July 8, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Prostaglandins for Postpartum Hemorrhage: Pharmacology, Application, and Current Opinion
Background: Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) remains a common cause of maternal mortality worldwide. Medical intervention plays an important role in the prevention and treatment of PPH. Prostaglandins (PGs) are currently recommended as second-line uterotonics, which are applied in cases of persistent bleeding despite oxytocin treatment.Summary: PG agents that are constantly used in clinical practice include carboprost, sulprostone, and misoprostol, representing the analogs of PGF2 α, PGE2, and PGE1, respectively. Injectable PGs, when used to treat PPH, are effective in reducing blood loss but probably induce cardiovascular or ...
Source: Pharmacology - July 8, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Comparing the Effects of Febuxostat and Allopurinol in an Animal Model of Metabolic Syndrome
Conclusion: Xanthine oxidase inhibitors ameliorated the effects of MS. Febuxostat was mildly superior to allopurinol in lowering serum fasting glucose, lipids, uric acid, and antioxidant enzyme activities.Pharmacology (Source: Pharmacology)
Source: Pharmacology - June 28, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Actein Antagonizes Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Proliferation through Activating FoxO1
Conclusions: Our findings demonstrated that actein could be a strong anti-OSCC candidate. Further evaluations of its safety and effectiveness are necessary before it can be considered for clinical use.Pharmacology (Source: Pharmacology)
Source: Pharmacology - June 25, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Effects of Dexmedetomidine as an Analgesic Adjuvant for Surgery of Femur Fracture: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
In conclusion, dexmedetomidine as a local anesthetic adjuvant in femur fracture surgery had a longer duration of rescue analgesia. However, the incidence of hypotension was markedly increased in these patients. It was worth noting that the evidence was of low to moderate quality.Pharmacology (Source: Pharmacology)
Source: Pharmacology - June 24, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Curcumin Affects Leptin-Induced Expression of Methionine Adenosyltransferase 2A in Hepatic Stellate Cells by Inhibition of JNK Signaling
Conclusion: These results might have implications for curcumin inhibition of the liver fibrogenesis in obese patients with hyperleptinemia.Pharmacology (Source: Pharmacology)
Source: Pharmacology - June 18, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Extracellular Uridine Nucleotides-Induced Contractions Were Increased in Femoral Arteries of Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats
Conclusions: This study demonstrates the importance of regulation of extracellular uridine nucleotides-induced contractions in hypertension-associated peripheral arterial diseases.Pharmacology (Source: Pharmacology)
Source: Pharmacology - June 17, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Modifying the Effects of Cytoreductive Drugs on Kidney Function in Myeloproliferative Neoplasms
Pharmacology (Source: Pharmacology)
Source: Pharmacology - June 17, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Calcineurin Inhibitor Toxicity in Solid Organ Transplantation
Calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs) have a substantial role in maintaining immunosuppression after solid organ transplantation (SOT). These drugs have a narrow therapeutic window, and individual doses and drug treatment monitoring are necessary. Still, a substantial proportion of patients suffer from short- or long-term calcineurin inhibitor toxicity (CNT), including kidney function impairment, hypertension, neurotoxicity, and metabolic disturbances. The authors discuss pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and histological features of CNT, with focus on renal manifestations. Furthermore, we elucidate recent and ongoing attemp...
Source: Pharmacology - June 15, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Pioglitazone Enhances β-Arrestin2 Signaling and Ameliorates Insulin Resistance in Classical Insulin Target Tissues
Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, our work reports a new mechanism of action for pioglitazone through which it can enhance the insulin sensitivity. Pioglitazone increases β-arrestin2 signaling in the adipose tissue, liver, and skeletal muscle of HFrHFD-fed mice.Pharmacology (Source: Pharmacology)
Source: Pharmacology - June 3, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Sufentanil Disposition and Pharmacokinetic Model-Based Dosage Regimen for Sufentanil in Ventilated Full-Term Neonates
Conclusion: Body weight and gestational age were found as weak covariates for sufentanil distribution, and the dosage regimen was developed for a prospective trial.Pharmacology (Source: Pharmacology)
Source: Pharmacology - June 2, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
