Activation of HIF-1α/VEGF-A pathway by deferoxamine ameliorates retinal hypoxia in a rat subarachnoid hemorrhage model
Conclusions
Our findings suggest that modulating the application of deferoxamine may offer therapeutic approaches to alleviate retinal complications after SAH. (Source: NeuroReport)
Source: NeuroReport - October 6, 2022 Category: Neurology Tags: Degeneration and Repair Source Type: research
Mechanism of acteoside-activated let-7g-5P attenuating Aβ-induced increased permeability and apoptosis of brain microvascular endothelial cells based on experimental and network pharmacology
Conclusion
In conclusion, these results reveal that acteoside-activated let-7g-5p attenuating Aβ-induced increased permeability and apoptosis of human BMECs. (Source: NeuroReport)
Source: NeuroReport - October 6, 2022 Category: Neurology Tags: Cellular, Molecular and Developmental Neuroscience Source Type: research
Ferroptosis involved in sevoflurane-aggravated young rats brain injury induced by liver transplantation
Liver transplantation is the only treatment available for pediatrics with end-stage liver disease. However, neurological damage is prone to occur after liver transplantation, especially in children. Accumulating evidence has shown that sevoflurane is closely linked to brain injury induced by liver transplantation. However, the study on the role of sevoflurane in brain injury induced by liver transplantation is rare and needs to be further investigated. The study is aiming to investigate the effects of sevoflurane on brain injury induced by liver transplantation and its underlying mechanisms. The brain injury rat model was ...
Source: NeuroReport - October 6, 2022 Category: Neurology Tags: Cellular, Molecular and Developmental Neuroscience Source Type: research
Knockdown of sortilin improves the neurological injury and regional cerebral blood flow in rats after subarachnoid hemorrhage
This study explored the mechanism of sortilin in SAH. SAH model was established by occipital cisternal blood injection. Neurological evaluation was performed on SAH rats using the Gracia scoring system and beam-balance tests. Regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and intracranial pressure (ICP) changes were measured using a laser Doppler blood flow monitor and an intraparenchymal Camino ICP probe. The correlation between rCBF changes and neurological deficit was analyzed using the Spearman method. Sortilin protein level in rat cerebral cortex and CSF was detected by Western blot. The Garcia score and beam-balance score of ra...
Source: NeuroReport - October 6, 2022 Category: Neurology Tags: Cellular, Molecular and Developmental Neuroscience Source Type: research
Chronic multiple mild stress induces sustained adverse psychological states in rats
Adverse psychological states are stimulated by multiple types of environmental factors in human being. However, only few animal models of adverse psychological states were established by applying multiple types of stressors to mimic real conditions. A multisensory stress simulation device was designed to apply a combination of stressors to animals. Selected types and intensity of stressors were stimulated by this multisensory stress simulation device to induce chronic multiple mild stress (CMMS) in rats, modeling sustained adverse psychological states caused by long-term exposure in relative extreme environments with limit...
Source: NeuroReport - September 22, 2022 Category: Neurology Tags: Integrative Systems Source Type: research
A specialized channel for encoding auditory transients in the magnocellular division of the human medial geniculate nucleus
We test the hypothesis that there exists a generalized magnocellular system in the brain optimized for temporal processing. In the visual system, it is well known that the magnocellular layers in the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) are strongly activated by transients and quickly habituate. However, little is known about the perhaps analogous magnocellular division of the medial geniculate nucleus (MGN), the auditory relay in the thalamus. We measured the functional responses of the MGN in 11 subjects who passively listened to sustained and transient nonlinguistic sounds, using functional MRI. We observed that voxels in t...
Source: NeuroReport - September 22, 2022 Category: Neurology Tags: Integrative Systems Source Type: research
Astragaloside IV ameliorates cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury via upregulation of PKA and Cx36
Conclusions
Astragaloside IV attenuated cerebral I/R injury in rats by increasing Cx36 and PKA protein expression and reducing the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. (Source: NeuroReport)
Source: NeuroReport - September 22, 2022 Category: Neurology Tags: Degeneration and Repair Source Type: research
A neural basis of rational inattention models: consistency of cognitive cost with the mutual information criterion
The rational inattention model has recently attracted much attention as a promising candidate to model bounded rationality in the research field of decision-making and game theory. However, in contrast to this energetic promotion of the theoretical works, empirical verification of the validity of the RI model has not progressed much. Furthermore, to our knowledge, the central assumption of the RI model, that the amount of mutual information obtained from signals adequately represents the cognitive cost of information, has not been tested from a neuroscientific perspective. The purpose of the present study was to test wheth...
Source: NeuroReport - September 22, 2022 Category: Neurology Tags: Clinical Neuroscience Source Type: research
The construction of neurogenesis-related ceRNA network of ischemic stroke treated by oxymatrine
Conclusion
In summary, this study identified novel coding and noncoding ischemic stroke targets of oxymatrine-treated MCAO. Most importantly, we identified lncRNAs and circRNAs candidates as potential oxymatrine targets and constructed the neurogenesis-related ceRNA networks. (Source: NeuroReport)
Source: NeuroReport - September 22, 2022 Category: Neurology Tags: Cellular, Molecular and Developmental Neuroscience Source Type: research
Enhancing oxidative phosphorylation over glycolysis for energy production in cultured mesenchymal stem cells
Objective
Strokes represent as one of the leading causes of death and disability in the USA, however, there is no optimal treatment to reduce the occurrence or improve prognosis. Preconditioning of tissues triggers ischemic tolerance, a physiological state that may involve a metabolic switch (i.e. from glycolysis to oxidative phosphorylation or OxPhos) to preserve tissue viability under an ischemic insult. Here, we hypothesized that metabolic switching of energy source from glucose to galactose in cultured mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) stands as an effective OxPhos-enhancing strategy.
Methods
MSCs were grown und...
Source: NeuroReport - September 22, 2022 Category: Neurology Tags: Cellular, Molecular and Developmental Neuroscience Source Type: research
Tlx3 controls the development of C-low threshold mechanoreceptors
Somatosensory information is signaled by primary sensory neurons located in dorsal root ganglia (DRG) or trigeminal ganglia. Type C-low threshold mechanoreceptors (C-LTMRs) are proposed to sense light touch. The differentiation and maturation of C-LTMRs are regulated by multiple transcript factors, including Zfp521 and Runx1. However, the molecular mechanism of C-LTMR development still remains largely unclear. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was performed to detect transcriptional changes in Tlx3cko DRGs compared to controls. In situ hybridization and RNAscope were used to verify RNA-seq data. RNA-seq identified 203 up- and 372 d...
Source: NeuroReport - September 10, 2022 Category: Neurology Tags: Integrative System Source Type: research
How does negative evidence impact argument strength during semantic category-based induction? An event-related potential study
This study adopted event-related potentials (ERPs) to investigate this effect by manipulating the category type (related vs. unrelated) and argument type (positive vs. negative) in a semantic category-based induction task. The behavioral results showed that, under unrelated conditions, a negative argument produced greater argument strength and shorter reaction time than a positive argument did. Meanwhile, the ERP results found a negative argument elicited larger P300, N400, and slow negative component amplitudes than a positive argument, which could possibly embody the expectation-related processing produced by memory upda...
Source: NeuroReport - September 10, 2022 Category: Neurology Tags: Clinical Neuroscience Source Type: research
Disrupted interhemispheric functional connectivity in primary angle-closure glaucoma: a functional MRI study: voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity in primary angle-closure glaucoma patients
The purpose of the study is to use the voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity (VMHC) technique to explore the pattern of the interhemispheric functional connectivity in patients with primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG). The interhemispheric functional connectivity was compared between 31 individuals with PACG and 31 healthy controls closely matched with sex, age, and educational level using the VMHC technique. Significant differences in VMHC between two groups were selected to be classification features for classifying individuals with PACG from healthy controls using the support vector machine algorithm of the machine le...
Source: NeuroReport - September 10, 2022 Category: Neurology Tags: Clinical Neuroscience Source Type: research
Optimized N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist exhibits hippocampal proneurogenic effects in aged senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8 mice
N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists mediate adult neurogenic effects. Here, the neurogenic effect of a new NMDA receptor antagonist endowed with neuroprotective effects in Alzheimer’s disease mice model. Nine-month-old senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8 (SAMP8) with UB-ALT-EV were orally treated. 5-Bromo-2-deoxyuridine (BrdU) (50 mg/kg) was 3× injected I.P. every 2 h. After 28 days of treatment, SAMP8-treated group improved working memory. Moreover, the number of BrdU+ cells and DCX+ cells in the SAMP8 dentate gyrus (DG) was significantly increased. GFAP+ cells were not affected by treatment. Together, th...
Source: NeuroReport - September 10, 2022 Category: Neurology Tags: Cellular, Molecular and Developmental Neuroscience Source Type: research
Mild traumatic brain injury elicits time- and region-specific reductions in serotonin transporter protein expression and uptake capacity
The monoamine neurotransmitter serotonin (5-HT) is important for the regulation of behavior, and aberrations in 5-HT signaling are linked to several neuropsychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders. 5-HT signaling is dependent on and tightly regulated by the functional activity of the 5-HT transporter (SERT). Neurotrauma is known to structurally and functionally impact 5-HT neuronal tracts and 5-HT signaling; however, the extent to which various forms of neurotrauma alter homeostatic 5-HT signaling through the modulation of SERT expression and/or functional uptake capacity is currently not well characterized. We aimed to ...
Source: NeuroReport - September 10, 2022 Category: Neurology Tags: Cellular, Molecular and Developmental Neuroscience Source Type: research
