Sleep quality and cortical amyloid-β deposition in postmenopausal women of the Kronos early estrogen prevention study
In this study, associations of sleep quality with cortical amyloid-β deposition and cognitive function were assessed in a subset of women who had participated in the Kronos early estrogen prevention study. It was a randomized, placebo-controlled trial in which recently menopausal women (age, 42–58; 5–36 months past menopause) were randomized to (1) oral conjugated equine estrogen (n = 19); (2) transdermal 17β-estradiol (tE2, n = 21); (3) placebo pills and patch (n = 32) for 4 years. Global sleep quality score was calculated using Pittsburgh sleep quality index, cortical amyloid-β deposition was measured with Pittsbu...
Source: NeuroReport - March 3, 2021 Category: Neurology Tags: Integrative Systems Source Type: research
Which kind of feedback has a greater impact on individuals with social anxiety: facial or textual? An ERP study
The present study is the first to compare the examined electrophysiological activity of facial and textual feedback of students with social anxiety after they finished a visual search task. Compared to textual feedback, facial feedback is much more effective. Specifically speaking, positive facial feedback caused stronger feedback-related negativity (FRN), and negative facial feedback caused late positive potential (LPP) of stronger amplitude. These changes in the FRN component (associated with feedback) and LPP (related to controlled attention engagement) provide clues about the interplay between anxiety and attention all...
Source: NeuroReport - March 3, 2021 Category: Neurology Tags: Integrative Systems Source Type: research
Neuropathic pain-induced cognitive dysfunction and down-regulation of neuronal pentraxin 2 in the cortex and hippocampus
Evidence from both basic and clinical science suggests that neuropathic pain can induce cognitive dysfunction. However, these results are mainly based on a series of behavioral tests, there is a lack of quantitative variables to indicate cognitive impairment. Neuronal activity-regulated pentraxin (NPTX2) is a ubiquitously expressed, secreted protein in the nervous system. NPTX2 has been implicated to be involved in a variety of neuropathic diseases including Parkinson’s disease, ischemia, and Alzheimer’s disease. In a mouse model of chronic pain, NPTX2 is involved in the regulation of inflammatory responses. Here, we e...
Source: NeuroReport - February 3, 2021 Category: Neurology Tags: Integrative Systems Source Type: research
Effects of site, cerebral perfusion and degree of cerebral artery stenosis on cognitive function
Objective
To investigate the effects of site, cerebral perfusion and degree of cerebral artery stenosis (CAS) on cognitive function.
Methods
A total of 57 patients with CAS and 53 controls from January 2019 to December 2019 were included. The former group was further divided into different subgroups according to the site, cerebral perfusion and degree of CAS. A series of neuropsychological tests were performed to evaluate the cognitive domains (such as memory, executive function, psychomotor speed, etc.). Rank sum test, t test, Chi-square test and analysis of variance were used for data analysis. Spearman correl...
Source: NeuroReport - February 3, 2021 Category: Neurology Tags: Integrative Systems Source Type: research
Supplementary motor area contributes to carrying previous movement information over to current movement
The purpose of the present study was to determine the cortical areas contributing to the influence of the previous movement on the current movement. Right-handed healthy human participants abducted and then adducted the left index finger in response to a start cue. Twenty consecutive trials with 10 s intertrial intervals were performed in each trial block. An odd-numbered trial was considered to be the previous trial, and a trial immediately after the previous trial (even-numbered trial) was the current trial. In each trial block, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) was given over one of the seven TMS sites with the st...
Source: NeuroReport - February 3, 2021 Category: Neurology Tags: Integrative Systems Source Type: research
Pinoresinol diglucoside attenuates neuroinflammation, apoptosis and oxidative stress in a mice model with Alzheimer’s disease
In conclusion, PDG can attenuate neuroinflammation, neuronal apoptosis and oxidative stress through the TLR4/NF-κB and Nrf2/HO-1 pathways, and ameliorate memory dysfunction induced by Aβ1-42 in mice. (Source: NeuroReport)
Source: NeuroReport - February 3, 2021 Category: Neurology Tags: Clinical Neuroscience Source Type: research
Intrinsic dialogues between the two hemispheres in middle-aged male alcoholics: a resting-state functional MRI study
Background
The purpose of this study was to investigate the interhemispheric intrinsic connectivity measured by resting-state functional MRI (R-fMRI) in middle-aged male alcoholics.
Methods
Thirty male alcoholics (47.33 ± 8.30 years) and 30 healthy males (47.20 ± 6.17 years) were recruited and obtained R-fMRI data. Inter- and intrahemispheric coordination was performed by using voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity (VMHC) and seed-based functional connectivity analysis.
Results
We found significantly decreased VMHC in a set of regions in male alcoholics patients, including lateral temporal, inferior fro...
Source: NeuroReport - February 3, 2021 Category: Neurology Tags: Clinical Neuroscience Source Type: research
Neural correlates of episodic memory change in increasing age: a longitudinal event-related potential study
Using a longitudinal design, we examined whether event-related brain potentials (ERPs) correlates of successful episodic memory retrieval varied over a 4-year period according to the level of memory change. ERPs were recorded while participants performed a word-stem cued-recall task, and this procedure was repeated 4 years later. We compared the ERP old/new effect patterns of participants whose memory performance remained stable over time (stable group) with those of participants experiencing episodic memory decline (decline group). The pattern of change of the old/new effect differed between groups. At T1, the two group...
Source: NeuroReport - February 3, 2021 Category: Neurology Tags: Degeneration and Repair Source Type: research
The gut microbiota metabolite propionate ameliorates intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunction-mediated Parkinson’s disease via the AKT signaling pathway
Conclusion
Our results demonstrated that propionate, which was decreased in the fecal samples of Parkinson’s disease patients, exerted beneficial effects on intestinal epithelial barrier function and improved motor behavior in MPTP-induced Parkinson’s disease mice through the AKT signaling pathway. (Source: NeuroReport)
Source: NeuroReport - February 3, 2021 Category: Neurology Tags: Degeneration and Repair Source Type: research
Glutamine’s protection against brain damage in septic rats via increased protein oxygen-N-acetylglucosamine modification
This study aimed to observe the effect of glutamine (Gln) on brain damage in septic rats and explore its possible mechanism.
Methods
Ninety-three Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups: sham operation group, sepsis group, Gln-treated group, quercetin/Gln-treated group, and alloxan/Gln-treated group. The rats in each group were continuously monitored for mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate changes for 16 h. Neuroreflex scores were measured 24 h after surgery. The water content of the brain tissue was measured. Plasma neuron enolase and cysteine protease-3 were measured using the ELIS...
Source: NeuroReport - February 3, 2021 Category: Neurology Tags: Degeneration and Repair Source Type: research
Ac-FLTD-CMK inhibits pyroptosis and exerts neuroprotective effect in a mice model of traumatic brain injury
Pyroptosis has been reported to contribute to the traumatic brain injury (TBI) process. Ac-FLTD-CMK is a newly synthesized pyroptosis inhibitor. However, whether Ac-FLTD-CMK inhibits pyroptosis and plays a neuroprotective role after TBI is unknown. The present study aimed to determine the effects of Ac-FLTD-CMK on TBI in a mouse model. Male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into sham, TBI + vehicle, and TBI + Ac-FLTD-CMK groups. TBI was induced using a weight-drop apparatus. Intraventricular injection of Ac-FLTD-CMK was performed 30 min after TBI. Caspase-1, caspase-11, gasdermin-D (GSDMD), and caspase-3 expression in the...
Source: NeuroReport - February 3, 2021 Category: Neurology Tags: Degeneration and Repair Source Type: research
TRPA1 involved in miR-141-5p-alleviated neuropathic pain induced by oxaliplatin
Oxaliplatin (OXA) is widely used to treat advanced colorectal cancer, but it can induce severe peripheral neuropathy. Accumulating evidence has shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) are closely linked to neuropathic pain induced by sciatic nerve lesion and spinal cord injury. However, the study on the role of miRNAs in OXA-induced neuropathic pain is rare and needs to be further investigated. The study is aiming to investigate the effects of miR-141-5p on OXA-induced neuropathic pain and its underlying mechanisms. The neuropathic pain rat model was built through intraperitoneal injection of OXA. Mechanical withdrawal threshold and...
Source: NeuroReport - February 3, 2021 Category: Neurology Tags: Cellular, Molecular and Developmental Neuroscience Source Type: research
Prostaglandin 15d-PGJ2 targets PPARγ and opioid receptors to prevent muscle hyperalgesia in rats
Pharmacological agents directed to either opioid receptors or peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) at peripheral tissues reduce behavioral signs of persistent pain. Both receptors are expressed in muscle tissue, but the contribution of PPARγ activation to muscle pain and its modulation by opioid receptors remains unknown. To address this question, we first tested whether the endogenous PPARγ ligand 15d-PGJ2 would decrease mechanical hyperalgesia induced by carrageenan administration into the gastrocnemius muscle of rats. Next, we used receptor antagonists to determine whether the antihyperalgesic eff...
Source: NeuroReport - February 3, 2021 Category: Neurology Tags: Cellular, Molecular and Developmental Neuroscience Source Type: research
Memantine protects blood–brain barrier integrity and attenuates neurological deficits through inhibiting nitric oxide synthase ser1412 phosphorylation in intracerebral hemorrhage rats: involvement of peroxynitrite-related matrix metalloproteinase-9/NLRP3 inflammasome activation
Memantine has demonstrated beneficial effects on several types of brain insults via therapeutic mechanisms mainly related to its activity as a receptor antagonist of N-methyl-d-aspartate. However, the influences of memantine on intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) remain obscure. This research probed into the neurovascular protective mechanisms of memantine after ICH and its impacts on neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) ser1412 phosphorylation. ICH model was established by employing intrastriatal collagenase injection in rats. After modeling, rats were then allocated randomly into sham-operated (sham), vehicle-treated (ICH+V)...
Source: NeuroReport - February 3, 2021 Category: Neurology Tags: Cellular, Molecular and Developmental Neuroscience Source Type: research
Twisted gastrulation signaling modulator 1 promotes the ability of glioma cell through activating Akt pathway
In conclusion, TWSG1 is overexpressed in glioma tissue and promotes tumor proliferation through Akt signaling pathway, may serve as a potential target for glioma diagnosis and therapy. (Source: NeuroReport)
Source: NeuroReport - February 3, 2021 Category: Neurology Tags: Cellular, Molecular and Developmental Neuroscience Source Type: research
