Decreased spasticity of Baishaoluoshi Decoction through the BDNF/TrKB-KCC2 pathway on poststroke spasticity rats
Conclusion
Suppression of spasticity by Baishaoluoshi Decoction in PSS rat models may be correlated with upregulated BDNF/TrKB-KCC2 pathway, which may be a complementary therapeutic strategy for PSS. (Source: NeuroReport)
Source: NeuroReport - September 3, 2021 Category: Neurology Tags: Cellular, Molecular and Developmental Neuroscience Source Type: research
Maternal corticosteroids and depression during gestation and decreased fetal heart rate variability
Conclusion
Maternal depression is associated via corticosteroids with decreased development of nervous system control of fetal heart rate. Decreased FHRV indicates developmental alterations in gestation that correlate with altered brain function and subsequent regulatory challenges in early infancy. (Source: NeuroReport)
Source: NeuroReport - September 3, 2021 Category: Neurology Tags: Integrative Systems Source Type: research
Intracranial electroencephalography features of young and old mice under midazolam administration
This study aimed to monitor the intracranial electroencephalography (in the cortex and hippocampus) in free-moving young and old mice under midazolam administration. Behavioral assessment revealed that compared with young mice, old mice had a longer immobility time with a similar midazolam dose. In both young and old mice, midazolam significantly suppressed the total, δ (0.5–4 Hz), θ (4–8 Hz), and α (8–12 Hz) power, and thus induced an increase in the relative β (12–30 Hz) and γ (30–140 Hz) power. Age had a main effect on the γ frequency; specifically, under normal conditions, old mice had a lower...
Source: NeuroReport - September 3, 2021 Category: Neurology Tags: Degeneration and Repair Source Type: research
Changes in the connection network of whole-brain fiber tracts in patients with Alzheimer’s disease have a tendency of lateralization
In this study, we investigated the relationship between the damage in white matter tracts and the decline of cognitive function in Alzheimer’s disease. DTI data were collected from 38 Alzheimer’s disease patients and 30 normal controls. Fiber assignment by continuous tracking approach was used to establish connections between different brain regions of the whole brain, network-based statistical analysis and support vector machine classification analysis were used to explore the connection of whole-brain fiber bundles between the two groups. Most importantly, our results showed that the connections between brain regions...
Source: NeuroReport - September 3, 2021 Category: Neurology Tags: Degeneration and Repair Source Type: research
Protective effects of Dimethyl malonate on neuroinflammation and blood-brain barrier after ischemic stroke
Conclusions
DMM could regulate activation and polarization of microglia to inhibit neuroinflammation and protect BBB. (Source: NeuroReport)
Source: NeuroReport - September 3, 2021 Category: Neurology Tags: Degeneration and Repair Source Type: research
Neurovascular protection of salvianolic acid B and ginsenoside Rg1 combination against acute ischemic stroke in rats
Ischemic stroke continues to be a major global health problem associated with considerable mortality and morbidity. Thus, it is still targeted by researchers for developing new strategies or drugs to alleviate the lesion of stroke. In the present study, both the permanent occlusion of the middle cerebral artery (MCAO) model and the restoration of cerebral blood flow after middle cerebral artery occlusion (CI/R) model were set up for evaluating the efficiency of salvianolic acid B and ginsenoside Rg1 combination (SalB-Rg1). SalB-Rg1 decreased infarct area through 3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride stain and improved neurolog...
Source: NeuroReport - August 16, 2021 Category: Neurology Tags: Degeneration and Repair Source Type: research
Gangliosides combined with mild hypothermia provides neuroprotection in a rat model of traumatic brain injury
In this study, we explored the neuroprotection role of the combination of gangliosides (GM) and mild hypothermia (MH) and the potential effect on oxidative stress injuries in a rat model of TBI. All 50 rats were randomized to five groups: (1) NC group: undergoing surgery without hit; (2) TBI group: undergoing surgery with hit; (3) GM group: TBI treated with gangliosides; (4) MHT group: TBI treated with MH; (5) GM+MHT group: TBI treated with gangliosides and MH. Spatial learning impairments, neurological function injury, Evans Blue leakage, brain MRI and oxidative stress injuries were assessed. The protein levels of Cleaved...
Source: NeuroReport - August 16, 2021 Category: Neurology Tags: Degeneration and Repair Source Type: research
Maternal spatial training before fertilization improves the spatial learning process in female offspring
Recent results of our team showed that parental spatial training before fertilization improves the offspring’s spatial memory. However, the process of spatial learning (short-term/working and long-term memories, mnesic consolidation and procedures) in the offspring has not been fully clarified yet. Therefore, this study aimed at specifically analyzing whether maternal learning of a spatial task before fertilization can impact on the process of spatial learning in the female offspring. In the present study, 8-week-old female Wistar rats that had been spatially trained (or not) in the Morris Water Maze (MWM) were mated wit...
Source: NeuroReport - August 16, 2021 Category: Neurology Tags: Degeneration and Repair Source Type: research
Functional connectivity pre-post exercise intervention in individuals with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis
Conclusion
Following a 12-week speeded walking exercise intervention, there were no significant increases or decreases in global graph metrics and results at the level of local metrics were equivocal in individuals with RRMS. Further research with experimental designs that include baseline and longitudinal follow-up, as well as larger sample sizes, is needed to understand the underlying mechanisms of symptom improvement following exercise in RRMS. (Source: NeuroReport)
Source: NeuroReport - August 16, 2021 Category: Neurology Tags: Degeneration and Repair Source Type: research
Simultaneous treatment with pentoxifylline does not adversely affect the neurotrophic effects of brain-derived neurotrophic factor on spiral ganglion neurons
The hemorheologic drug pentoxifylline is applied for the treatment of sudden sensorineural hearing loss and tinnitus to improve cochlear microcirculation. Recent studies also suggest protective and trophic effects on neuronal cells. Because the preservation of sensorineural structures of the inner ear is fundamental for normal hearing and hearing restoration with auditory prostheses, pentoxifylline and neurotrophic factors such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) are promising candidates to treat degenerative disorders of the inner ear. We used an in-vitro model to determine the neurotrophic effects of these factor...
Source: NeuroReport - August 16, 2021 Category: Neurology Tags: Clinical Neuroscience Source Type: research
Chronic food restriction enhances dopamine-mediated intracranial self-stimulation
Dopamine-mediated reinforcement and behavioral adaptation is essential to survival. Here, we test the effects of food restriction on dopamine-mediated learning and reinforcement using optical intracranial self-stimulation (oICSS), an optogenetic version of conventional electrical ICSS (also known as brain stimulation reward, BSR). Using mouse genetic lines to express channelrhodopsin selectively in midbrain dopamine neurons, we demonstrate that genetically expressed channelrhodopsin can mediate optically evoked dopamine release and support self-stimulation in a lever-pressing paradigm. Using this midbrain dopamine oICSS pr...
Source: NeuroReport - August 16, 2021 Category: Neurology Tags: Integrative Systems Source Type: research
Gadd45α is involved in regulating activity-dependent and exon-specific BDNF expression in postmitotic cortical neurons
Conclusions
DNA demethylation mediated by Gadd45α protein involves promoting the regulation of activity-dependent BDNF exon I expression in neurons. (Source: NeuroReport)
Source: NeuroReport - August 16, 2021 Category: Neurology Tags: Cellular, Molecular and Developmental Neuroscience Source Type: research
Stroke injury induced by distal middle cerebral artery occlusion is resistant to N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor antagonism in FVB/NJ mice
In conclusion, our data demonstrated that FVB/NJ mice are no more susceptible to cerebral ischemia than C57BL/6 mice and that NMDAR antagonism is ineffective in mice, even in an excitotoxicity-prone strain, subjected to dMCAO. (Source: NeuroReport)
Source: NeuroReport - August 16, 2021 Category: Neurology Tags: Cellular, Molecular and Developmental Neuroscience Source Type: research
Resveratrol prevented spatial deficits and rescued disarrayed hippocampus asymmetric dimethylarginine and brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels in young rats with increased circulating asymmetric dimethylarginine
Increased plasma levels of asymmetric dimethylarginine can be encountered in chronic inflammatory disease, liver damage, renal failure, and multiple organ failure. In addition, an association between circulating asymmetric dimethylarginine levels and all-cause mortality has been reported. Male Sprague–Dawley rats, postnatal day 17 ± 1, received continuous asymmetric dimethylarginine infusion via an intraperitoneal pump. Spatial performance and dorsal hippocampal asymmetric dimethylarginine and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels were examined, and the effect of resveratrol was tested. A 4-week continuous...
Source: NeuroReport - August 16, 2021 Category: Neurology Tags: Cellular, Molecular and Developmental Neuroscience Source Type: research
Comparative study of the reorganization in bilateral motor and sensory cortices after spinal cord hemisection in mice
Conclusions
The dendritic spines in hindlimb representation area of the sensorimotor cortex experienced bilaterally remodeling after SCI. And those spines in the sensory and motor cortex experienced great but different change trends after SCI. (Source: NeuroReport)
Source: NeuroReport - August 16, 2021 Category: Neurology Tags: Cellular, Molecular and Developmental Neuroscience Source Type: research
