Is serotonin the missing link between COVID-19 severity observed in patients with diabetes and obesity?
COVID-19 pandemic is an intriguing infectious condition with multisystem manifestations and variable outcomes that are influenced by the concomitant presence of non-communicable diseases, such as obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease, which were previously well-established pandemics. In addition, social, ethnic, behavioral factors were also demonstrated to play a role on the patients and populations` biological response to the condition, and therefore are considered global syndemics. Although, an enormous progress towards understanding mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 infection has been made, there are still many areas of ...
Source: Neuroendocrinology - January 21, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
SELENOT deficiency in the mouse brain impacts catecholaminergic neuron density: an immunohistochemical, in situ hybridization and 3D light-sheet imaging study
Conclusion: These results showed that SELENOT is diffusely expressed in the mouse brain and that its deficiency impacts CA neuron distribution in different brain areas including Hyp-A12-A14-A15, in both male and female mice. (Source: Neuroendocrinology)
Source: Neuroendocrinology - January 21, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Endocrine function after transsphenoidal surgery in patients with non-functioning pituitary adenomas: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Conclusions: The current s ystematic review finds that the endocrine effect of pituitary surgery is unclear both in terms of the chance of recovery and the risk of pituitary failure and hypopituitarism should be considered only a relative indication for surgery. However, the range of effects does include potentially clinicall y relevant rates of pituitary recovery calling for more systematic collection of data in future studies. (Source: Neuroendocrinology)
Source: Neuroendocrinology - January 21, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Tailored molecular imaging of pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma: which tracer and when
Pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma are rare neoplasms that fall within the category of neuroendocrine tumors. In the last decade, their diagnostic algorithm has been modified to include the evaluation of molecular pathways, genotype and biochemical phenotype, in order to correctly interpret anatomical and functional imaging results and tailor the best therapeutic choices to patients. More specifically, the identification of germline mutations has led to a three-way cluster classification: pseudo-hypoxic cluster, cluster of kinase receptor signaling and protein translation pathways, and cluster of Wnt-altered pathway. In th...
Source: Neuroendocrinology - January 20, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of oxytocin and vasopressin gene expression by CREB3L1 and CAPRIN2
Conclusion:The exploration of the spatiotemporal dynamics of Creb3l1 and Caprin2 encoded mRNAs and proteins has provided novel insights beyond the AVP-ergic system revealing novel OXT-ergic system roles of these genes in the osmotic defence response. (Source: Neuroendocrinology)
Source: Neuroendocrinology - January 20, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Magnetic Resonance Imaging, a new tool for neuroendocrine research in sheep
Abstract
MRI brain analysis are used in rodents and for clinical investigation in humans, and it becomes also possible now for large animal models studies. Specific facilities are available with clinical scanners and benefit to neuroendocrine investigations in sheep. Sheep has a large gyrencephalic brain and its organization is very similar to primates and human, and among physiological regulations, oestrous cycle of the ewes is similar to women. Therefore this animal is a good model for preclinical researches using MRI, as illustrated with steroids impact on the brain. New data were obtain concerning the effect of sexual...
Source: Neuroendocrinology - January 20, 2022 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Associations between Prolactin, Diabetes, and Cognitive Impairment: A Literature Review
Background: Converging evidence indicates prolactin (PRL) and diabetes play an important role in the pathophysiology of cognitive impairment. However, little is known about the mechanisms responsible for the effects of PRL and diabetes on cognitive impairment.Summary: We summarize and review the available literature and current knowledge of the association between PRL and diabetes on aspects of cognitive impairment.Key Messages: The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B pathway is central to the molecular mechanisms underlying how PRL and diabetes interact in cognitive impairment. Further work is needed to identif...
Source: Neuroendocrinology - December 28, 2021 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Associations between prolactin, diabetes and cognitive impairment: a literature review
Background: Converging evidence indicates prolactin (PRL) and diabetes play an important role in the pathophysiology of cognitive impairment. However, little is known about the mechanisms responsible for the effects of PRL and diabetes on cognitive impairment. Summary: We summarize and review the available literature and current knowledge of the association between PRL and diabetes on aspects of cognitive impairment. Key Messages: The PI3K/AKT pathway is central to the molecular mechanisms underlying how PRL and diabetes interact in cognitive impairment. Further work is needed to identify the interaction between PRL and di...
Source: Neuroendocrinology - December 28, 2021 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Papillary Craniopharyngioma: A Type of Tumor Primarily Impairing the Hypothalamus – A Comprehensive Anatomo-Clinical Characterization of 350 Well-Described Cases
Conclusions: This systematic review evidences that PCP topography is a major determinant of hypothalamic-related symptoms, type of hypothalamic attachments, and tumor recurrence rate. Accurate preoperative definition of PCP-hypothalamus relationships is essential for the judicious, safe management of these complex lesions.Neuroendocrinology (Source: Neuroendocrinology)
Source: Neuroendocrinology - December 28, 2021 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Papillary craniopharyngioma: a type of tumor primarily impairing the hypothalamus. A comprehensive anatomo-clinical characterization of 350 well-described cases
This study systematically analyzes the clinical-anatomical correlation between tumor topography and symptoms related to hypothalamic dysfunction in the largest series of PCPs ever gathered. Methods: From 5,346 CP reports published from 1856 to 2021, we selected 350 well-described cases of the squamous-papillary type. Clinical presentation, tumor topography, severity of hypothalamic adhesion, patient outcome and tumor recurrence were thoroughly analyzed. Results: PCPs predominantly occur in adult (96.3%), male (61.7%) patients presenting with headache (63.4%), visual alterations (56.2%) and psychiatric disturbances (50.4%)....
Source: Neuroendocrinology - December 28, 2021 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
High Mast Cell Density Predicts a Favorable Prognosis in Patients with Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasms
Conclusions: These findings suggest a protective role of mast cells in PanNENs. (Source: Neuroendocrinology)
Source: Neuroendocrinology - December 28, 2021 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Thyroid disorders and development of cognitive impairment: a review study
Dementia is a neurological disorder that is spreading with increasing human lifespan. In this neurological disorder, memory and cognition are declined and eventually impaired. Various factors can be considered as the background of this disorder, one of which is endocrine disorders. Thyroid hormones are involved in various physiological processes in the body; one of the most important of them is neuromodulation. Thyroid disorders, including hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism, can affect the nervous system and play a role in the development of dementia. Despite decades of investigation, the nature of the association between t...
Source: Neuroendocrinology - December 28, 2021 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
GABAB receptor antagonism from birth to weaning permanently modifies Kiss1 expression in hypothalamus and gonads in mice
Conclusion: These results demonstrate that appropriate GABAB signaling during this critical prepubertal period is necessary for the normal development of the HPG axis. (Source: Neuroendocrinology)
Source: Neuroendocrinology - December 28, 2021 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
Chronic glucocorticoids consumption triggers and worsens experimental Alzheimer ’s disease-like pathology by detrimental immune-modulations
Conclusion: This study unravels new functional outco mes identifying chronic corticosterone consumption as a main risk factor for AD and suggests that glucocorticoid-based therapies should be prescribed with caution in populations with AD risk. (Source: Neuroendocrinology)
Source: Neuroendocrinology - December 17, 2021 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
GNRH1 Variants in Congenital Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism: Single-center experience and Systematic Literature Review
Conclusion(s): GNRH1 biallelic variants lead to severe reproductive phenotype, with low gonadotropin levels without non-reproductive features or oligogenicity. However, the role of GNRH1 monoallelic variants in CHH pathophysiology for reported variants remains questionable. (Source: Neuroendocrinology)
Source: Neuroendocrinology - December 17, 2021 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research
