Potential role of immune cell therapy in gynecological cancer and future promises: a comprehensive review
AbstractGynecological malignancies are most leading causes of death among women worldwide. The high prevalence of gynecologic malignancies remains significant, necessitating to turn the novel treatment approach like immunotherapy, wherein cancer cells are killed by the invasion of immune system. In recent year, immunotherapy has mostly an advanced treatment approach to repressing the tumor cell s survival, proliferation, and invasion via the activation of immune systems. Moreover, various types of immune cells including T-cells, B-cells, and dendritic cells are associated with the immunotherapeutic strategy in cancer tr...
Source: Medical Oncology - March 27, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Exploring the combined anti-cancer effects of sodium butyrate and celastrol in glioblastoma cell lines: a novel therapeutic approach
AbstractGlioblastoma, a highly aggressive and lethal brain cancer, lacks effective treatment options and has a poor prognosis. In our study, we explored the potential anti-cancer effects of sodium butyrate (SB) and celastrol (CEL) in two glioblastoma cell lines. SB, a histone deacetylase inhibitor, and CEL, derived from the tripterygium wilfordii plant, act as mTOR and proteasome inhibitors. Both can cross the blood –brain barrier, and they exhibit chemo- and radiosensitive properties in various cancer models. GB cell lines LN-405 and T98G were treated with SB and CEL. Cell viability was assessed by MTT assay and IC50 va...
Source: Medical Oncology - March 26, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Bioinformatics-based screening and analysis of the key genes involved in the influence of antiangiogenesis on myeloid-derived suppressor cells and their effects on the immune microenvironment
This study aimed to screen differentially expressed genes (DEGs) involved in the influence of antiangiogenic therapy on myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC) infiltration and investigate their mechanisms of action. Data on DEGs after the action of antiangiogenic drugs in a pan-cancer context were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were performed using the clusterProfiler package in R software. Single-sample gene set enrichment analysis was performed using the gene set variation analysis package to evalu...
Source: Medical Oncology - March 25, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Physical characterization and bioavailability assessment of 5-fluorouracil-based nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC): In vitro drug release, Hemolysis, and permeability modulation
Abstract5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is an anticancer agent belonging to BCS Class III that exhibits poor release characteristics and low retention in the biological system. The main objective of this investigation was to develop a drug delivery system, i.e., Nanostructure Lipid Carriers (NLCs) loaded with 5-FU to prolong its biological retention through 5-FU-loaded NLCs (5-FUNLC) were designed to manipulate physicochemical characteristics and assessment of in vitro and in vivo performance. The developed NLCs underwent comprehensive characterization, including assessments for particle size, zeta potential, morphological evalua...
Source: Medical Oncology - March 25, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Regulation of cancer progression by CK2: an emerging therapeutic target
AbstractCasein kinase II (CK2) is an enzyme with pleiotropic kinase activity that catalyzes the phosphorylation of lots of substrates, including STAT3, p53, JAK2, PTEN, RELA, and AKT, leading to the regulation of diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, angiogenesis, and tumor progression. CK2 is observed to have high expression in multiple types of cancer, which is associated with poor prognosis. CK2 holds significant importance in the intricate network of pathways involved in promoting cell proliferation, invasion, migration, apoptosis, and tumor growth by multiple pathways such as JAK2/STAT3, PI3K/AKT, ATF4/p21, and HSP90/Cdc...
Source: Medical Oncology - March 25, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
The efficacy and safety of PD-1 inhibitor combined with TACE in the first-line treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma
In this study, thre patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma were treated with PD-1 inhibitor combined with TACE to achieve good tumor reduction effect and underwent live r cancer resection surgery. For patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma, whether in BCLC stage B or stage C, effective systemic therapy (PD-1 inhibitor) combined with local therapy (TACE) can achieve a high rate of tumor regression and objective response. Some patients may even pursue su rgical treatment opportunities, and the treatment-related adverse reactions are controllable, which is expected to provide new options for extendin...
Source: Medical Oncology - March 25, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Investigation of cellular communication and signaling pathways in tumor microenvironment for high TP53-expressing osteosarcoma cells through single-cell RNA sequencing
AbstractOsteosarcoma (OS) stands as the most prevalent primary bone cancer in children and adolescents, and its limited treatment options often result in unsatisfactory outcomes, particularly for metastatic cases. The tumor microenvironment (TME) has been recognized as a crucial determinant in OS progression. However, the intercellular dynamics between high TP53-expressing OS cells and neighboring cell types within the TME are yet to be thoroughly understood. In our study, we harnessed the single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) technology in combination with the computational tool –Cellchat, aiming to elucidate the inter...
Source: Medical Oncology - March 25, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Estrogen-receptor status determines differential regulation of α1- and α2-adrenoceptor-mediated cell survival, angiogenesis, and intracellular signaling responses in breast cancer cell lines
AbstractPsychosocial stress promotes cancer pathogenesis involving angiogenesis through alterations in neuroendocrine-immune functions that may involve adrenoceptor (AR)-dependent signaling mechanisms in the brain, lymphoid organs, and cancerous cells. Various concentrations of α1- and α2- AR-specific agonists and antagonists were incubated in vitro with estrogen receptor-positive (ER +) MCF-7, and ER (-) MDA MB-231 cells to examine the secretions of VEGF-A, VEGF-C, and nitric oxide (NO), and expression of signaling molecules- p-ERK, p-CREB, and p-Akt on the proliferation of breast cancer cell lines. Cellular prolifer...
Source: Medical Oncology - March 25, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Design and evaluation of a multiepitope vaccine for pancreatic cancer using immune-dominant epitopes derived from the signature proteome in expression datasets
In this study, we have explored transcriptomics and protein expression databases to identify potential upregulated proteins in pancreatic cancer cells. After examining a total of 21,054 proteins from various databases, it was discovered that 143 proteins expressed differently in malignant and healthy cells. The CTL, HTL and BCE epitopes were predicted for the shortlisted proteins. 51,840 vaccine constructs were created by concatenating CTL, HTL, and B-cell epitopes in the respective sequences. The best 86 structures were selected from a set of 51,840 designs after they were analyzed for vaxijenicity, allergenicity, toxicit...
Source: Medical Oncology - March 24, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Plumbagin as a preferential lead molecule to combat EGFR-driven matrix abundance and migration of cervical carcinoma cells
This study identified that increased matrix production triggered by EGF-rich milieu is inhibited by plumbagin in human papilloma viral (HPV) 68 positive ME180, HPV 16 positive SiHa and HPV-negative C33A cell lines. Delivery of plumbagin directly to TME would effectively accelerate the clearance of CC cells, reduce metastasis and matrix abundance by employing targeted delivery to minimize the undesired effects of plumbagin. (Source: Medical Oncology)
Source: Medical Oncology - March 23, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
In vitro anticancer activity of Hirudinaria manillensis methanolic extract and its validation using in silico molecular docking approach
AbstractCancer has emerged as a potentially lethal illness, which recently upsurged in the mortality rate. Animal-derived compounds could be promising targets with higher efficacy and low toxicity in anticancer therapy. The present study aimed to explore the presence of anticancer potential compounds inHirudinaria manillensis methanolic extract and their anticancer potential against various cancer cell types and target identification by Auto dock method. Initially, the identification of bioactive compounds was achieved by GC –MS analysis followed by the anticancer activity by MTT assay against A549, HeLa, MDA-MB-231, MG-...
Source: Medical Oncology - March 15, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
The cytotoxic effects of prazosin, chlorpromazine, and haloperidol on hepatocellular carcinoma and immortalized non-tumor liver cells
AbstractLiver cancer annually accounts for over 800,000 cases and 700,000 deaths worldwide. Hepatocellular carcinoma is responsible for over 80% of liver cancer cases. Due to ineffective treatment options and limited surgical interventions, hepatocellular carcinoma is notoriously difficult to treat. Nonetheless, drugs utilized for other medical conditions, such as the antihypertensive medication prazosin, the neuroleptic medication chlorpromazine, and the neuroleptic medication haloperidol, have gained attention for their potential anti-cancer effects. Therefore, this study used these medications for investigating toxicity...
Source: Medical Oncology - March 12, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
High expression of CD9 and Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor promotes the development of tongue cancer
AbstractTongue cancer is distinguished by aggressive behavior, a high risk of recurrence, lymph, and distant metastases. Hypoxia-Induced Factor 1 α functions as a CD9 transcription factor. CD9 is a transmembrane protein that may be found on the cell membrane. It can modulate the expression of the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) pathway. ELISA was used to measure serum CD9, p-EGFR, and p-Akt levels in 70 tongue cancer patients and 35 healthy controls. RT-PCR was used to analyze the gene expression of the related genes. The gene as well as protein expression of CD9,EGFR/p-EGFR, andAkt/p-Akt was significantly higher ...
Source: Medical Oncology - March 12, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Role of interferon-induced transmembrane protein family in cancer progression: a special focus on pancreatic cancer
This article focuses on the role and potential mechanism of IFITMs in pancreatic cancer progression by analyzing the function and mechanism of IFITM1-3 in other cancers and conducting bioinformatics analysis using the databases, so as to provide a new target for pancreatic cancer therapy. (Source: Medical Oncology)
Source: Medical Oncology - March 12, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Emerging therapeutic strategies in cancer therapy by HDAC inhibition as the chemotherapeutic potent and epigenetic regulator
AbstractIn developing new cancer medications, attention has been focused on novel epigenetic medicines called histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors. Our understanding of cancer behavior is being advanced by research on epigenetics, which also supplies new targets for improving the effectiveness of cancer therapy. Most recently published patents emphasize HDAC selective drugs and multitarget HDAC inhibitors. Though significant progress has been made in emerging HDAC selective antagonists, it is urgently necessary to find new HDAC blockers with novel zinc-binding analogues to avoid the undesirable pharmacological characteris...
Source: Medical Oncology - March 5, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
