Unlocking the potential: phenylboronic acid as a nuclear-targeting boron agent for neutron capture therapy
AbstractIt has been proposed that boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) holds promise as a treatment modality for melanoma. However, the effectiveness of boron agents in delivery remains a critical issue to be addressed for BNCT. To this end, phenylboronic acid, which exhibits good water solubility and low cytotoxicity similar to BPA, has been investigated as a potential nuclear-targeting boron agent. The boron concentration of phenylboronic acid was found to be 74.47 ± 12.17 ng/106 B16F10 cells and 45.77 ± 5.64 ng/106 cells in the nuclei. Molecular docking experiments were conducted to investigate the binding...
Source: Medical Oncology - April 4, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Regulation of hippo signaling mediated apoptosis by Rauvolfia tetraphylla in triple-negative breast cancer
AbstractRauvolfia tetraphylla is an essential medicinal plant that has been widely used in traditional medicine for various disease treatments. However, the tumor suppressor activity ofR. tetraphylla and its phytocompounds were not explored against triple-negative breast cancer. The current research investigated the impact ofR. tetraphylla methanolic extract (RTE) and its isolated compounds Ajmaline (RTC1) and Reserpine (RTC2) on triple-negative breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB-231) focusing on anti-proliferative effects. Our study imparts that RTE and RTC2 showed promising cytotoxic effects compared to RTC1. So further exp...
Source: Medical Oncology - March 29, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Investigating the correlation between prominent viruses and hematological malignancies: a literature review
AbstractExtensive research has been conducted on the correlation between viral infections and hematological cancers ever since the identification of the Rous Sarcoma Virus as a cancer-causing agent. Numerous viruses, such as the Epstein-Barr virus, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, human immunodeficiency virus, human T-lymphotropic virus 1, and severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2, have been identified as potential contributors to the development and progression of cancer by disrupting normal cellular processes. Different viruses are associated with distinct forms of blood cancers, each exhibiting un...
Source: Medical Oncology - March 28, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Structure-based multitargeted docking screening, pharmacokinetics, DFT, and dynamics simulation studies reveal mitoglitazone as a potent inhibitor of cellular survival and stress response proteins of lung cancer
In this study, we have performed multitargeted molecular docking studies of Drug Bank compounds with HTVS, SP and XP algorithms followed by MM\GBSA against the four proteins of lung cancer cellular survival and stress responses, which revealed Mitoglitazone as a multitargeted inhibitor with a docking and MM\GBSA score ranging from − 5.784 to − 7.739 kcal/mol and − 25.81 to − 47.65kcal/mol, respectively. Moreover, we performed pharmacokinetics studies and QM-based DFT analysis, showing suitable candidate and interaction pattern analysis revealed the most count of interacting residues was 4GLY, 5PHE,...
Source: Medical Oncology - March 28, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Effect of capecitabine as monotherapy for HER2 normal metastatic breast cancer
This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of capecitabine monotherapy for patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) normal metastatic breast cancer (MBC). The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS), and secondary endpoints included overall survival (OS) and PFS according to treatment line and estrogen receptor (ER) status. Patients who received capecitabine as monotherapy for HER2 normal MBC from 2010 to 2020 were included in this retrospective study. ER status, treatment line, number of treatments, and dates of progression and death were registered. PFS was defined from capecitabine initi...
Source: Medical Oncology - March 27, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
YWHAG promotes colorectal cancer progression by regulating the CTTN-Wnt/ β-catenin signaling axis
In this study, we revealed that YWHAG was the most significantly upregulated member of the YWHA/14-3-3 family in CRC tissues and was associated with a poor prognosis. Subsequent phenotypic experiments showed that YWHAG promoted the proliferation, migration, and invasion of CRC cells. Mechanistically, RNA-seq data showed that multiple signaling pathways, including Wnt and epithelial-mesenchymal transition, were potentially regulated by YWHAG. CTTN was identified as a YWHAG-associated protein, and mediated its tumor-promoting functions by activating the Wnt/ β-catenin signaling in CRC cells. In summary, our data indicate th...
Source: Medical Oncology - March 27, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Potential role of immune cell therapy in gynecological cancer and future promises: a comprehensive review
AbstractGynecological malignancies are most leading causes of death among women worldwide. The high prevalence of gynecologic malignancies remains significant, necessitating to turn the novel treatment approach like immunotherapy, wherein cancer cells are killed by the invasion of immune system. In recent year, immunotherapy has mostly an advanced treatment approach to repressing the tumor cell s survival, proliferation, and invasion via the activation of immune systems. Moreover, various types of immune cells including T-cells, B-cells, and dendritic cells are associated with the immunotherapeutic strategy in cancer tr...
Source: Medical Oncology - March 27, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Exploring the combined anti-cancer effects of sodium butyrate and celastrol in glioblastoma cell lines: a novel therapeutic approach
AbstractGlioblastoma, a highly aggressive and lethal brain cancer, lacks effective treatment options and has a poor prognosis. In our study, we explored the potential anti-cancer effects of sodium butyrate (SB) and celastrol (CEL) in two glioblastoma cell lines. SB, a histone deacetylase inhibitor, and CEL, derived from the tripterygium wilfordii plant, act as mTOR and proteasome inhibitors. Both can cross the blood –brain barrier, and they exhibit chemo- and radiosensitive properties in various cancer models. GB cell lines LN-405 and T98G were treated with SB and CEL. Cell viability was assessed by MTT assay and IC50 va...
Source: Medical Oncology - March 26, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Bioinformatics-based screening and analysis of the key genes involved in the influence of antiangiogenesis on myeloid-derived suppressor cells and their effects on the immune microenvironment
This study aimed to screen differentially expressed genes (DEGs) involved in the influence of antiangiogenic therapy on myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC) infiltration and investigate their mechanisms of action. Data on DEGs after the action of antiangiogenic drugs in a pan-cancer context were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were performed using the clusterProfiler package in R software. Single-sample gene set enrichment analysis was performed using the gene set variation analysis package to evalu...
Source: Medical Oncology - March 25, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Physical characterization and bioavailability assessment of 5-fluorouracil-based nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC): In vitro drug release, Hemolysis, and permeability modulation
Abstract5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is an anticancer agent belonging to BCS Class III that exhibits poor release characteristics and low retention in the biological system. The main objective of this investigation was to develop a drug delivery system, i.e., Nanostructure Lipid Carriers (NLCs) loaded with 5-FU to prolong its biological retention through 5-FU-loaded NLCs (5-FUNLC) were designed to manipulate physicochemical characteristics and assessment of in vitro and in vivo performance. The developed NLCs underwent comprehensive characterization, including assessments for particle size, zeta potential, morphological evalua...
Source: Medical Oncology - March 25, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Regulation of cancer progression by CK2: an emerging therapeutic target
AbstractCasein kinase II (CK2) is an enzyme with pleiotropic kinase activity that catalyzes the phosphorylation of lots of substrates, including STAT3, p53, JAK2, PTEN, RELA, and AKT, leading to the regulation of diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, angiogenesis, and tumor progression. CK2 is observed to have high expression in multiple types of cancer, which is associated with poor prognosis. CK2 holds significant importance in the intricate network of pathways involved in promoting cell proliferation, invasion, migration, apoptosis, and tumor growth by multiple pathways such as JAK2/STAT3, PI3K/AKT, ATF4/p21, and HSP90/Cdc...
Source: Medical Oncology - March 25, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
The efficacy and safety of PD-1 inhibitor combined with TACE in the first-line treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma
In this study, thre patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma were treated with PD-1 inhibitor combined with TACE to achieve good tumor reduction effect and underwent live r cancer resection surgery. For patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma, whether in BCLC stage B or stage C, effective systemic therapy (PD-1 inhibitor) combined with local therapy (TACE) can achieve a high rate of tumor regression and objective response. Some patients may even pursue su rgical treatment opportunities, and the treatment-related adverse reactions are controllable, which is expected to provide new options for extendin...
Source: Medical Oncology - March 25, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Investigation of cellular communication and signaling pathways in tumor microenvironment for high TP53-expressing osteosarcoma cells through single-cell RNA sequencing
AbstractOsteosarcoma (OS) stands as the most prevalent primary bone cancer in children and adolescents, and its limited treatment options often result in unsatisfactory outcomes, particularly for metastatic cases. The tumor microenvironment (TME) has been recognized as a crucial determinant in OS progression. However, the intercellular dynamics between high TP53-expressing OS cells and neighboring cell types within the TME are yet to be thoroughly understood. In our study, we harnessed the single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) technology in combination with the computational tool –Cellchat, aiming to elucidate the inter...
Source: Medical Oncology - March 25, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Estrogen-receptor status determines differential regulation of α1- and α2-adrenoceptor-mediated cell survival, angiogenesis, and intracellular signaling responses in breast cancer cell lines
AbstractPsychosocial stress promotes cancer pathogenesis involving angiogenesis through alterations in neuroendocrine-immune functions that may involve adrenoceptor (AR)-dependent signaling mechanisms in the brain, lymphoid organs, and cancerous cells. Various concentrations of α1- and α2- AR-specific agonists and antagonists were incubated in vitro with estrogen receptor-positive (ER +) MCF-7, and ER (-) MDA MB-231 cells to examine the secretions of VEGF-A, VEGF-C, and nitric oxide (NO), and expression of signaling molecules- p-ERK, p-CREB, and p-Akt on the proliferation of breast cancer cell lines. Cellular prolifer...
Source: Medical Oncology - March 25, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Design and evaluation of a multiepitope vaccine for pancreatic cancer using immune-dominant epitopes derived from the signature proteome in expression datasets
In this study, we have explored transcriptomics and protein expression databases to identify potential upregulated proteins in pancreatic cancer cells. After examining a total of 21,054 proteins from various databases, it was discovered that 143 proteins expressed differently in malignant and healthy cells. The CTL, HTL and BCE epitopes were predicted for the shortlisted proteins. 51,840 vaccine constructs were created by concatenating CTL, HTL, and B-cell epitopes in the respective sequences. The best 86 structures were selected from a set of 51,840 designs after they were analyzed for vaxijenicity, allergenicity, toxicit...
Source: Medical Oncology - March 24, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
