In vitro siRNA-mediated GPX4 and AKT1 silencing in oxaliplatin resistance cancer cells induces ferroptosis and apoptosis
AbstractOxaliplatin is a member of platinum-based chemotherapy drugs frequently used in colorectal cancer (CRC). However, resistance to oxaliplatin causes tumor progression and metastasis.Akt1 andGpx4 are essential regulator genes of apoptosis and ferroptosis pathways. Inhibition of these genes might eradicate oxaliplatin resistance in resistant CRC cells. We compared two cell death strategies to reverse drug resistance in Caco-2 and HT-29 oxaliplatin-resistant cell lines. We used theAKT1-specific siRNA to induce apoptosis. Also,GPX4-specific siRNA and FIN56 were utilized to generate ferroptosis. The effect of these treatm...
Source: Medical Oncology - August 26, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Role of plectin and its interacting molecules in cancer
AbstractPlectin, as the cytolinker and scaffolding protein, are widely expressed and abundant in many tissues, and has involved in various cellular activities contributing to tumorigenesis, such as cell adhesion, migration, and signal transduction. Due to the specific expression and differential localization of plectin in cancer, most researchers focus on the role of plectin in cancer, and it has emerged as a potent driver of malignant hallmarks in many human cancers, which provides the possibility for plectin to be widely used as a biomarker and therapeutic target in the early diagnosis and targeted drug delivery of the d...
Source: Medical Oncology - August 26, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Chrysin and chrysin-loaded nanocarriers induced immunogenic cell death on B16 melanoma cells
This study aimed to formulate chrysin with PEG-poly( α-benzylcarboxylate-ε-caprolactone) (PBCL) nanoparticles (NPs) and assess their anticancer and ICD-inducing potency in melanoma cells, comparing with free chrysin. The co-solvent evaporation method was employed to develop chrysin-loaded NPs. UV spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, and the dialy sis bag method were used to evaluate the encapsulation efficiency (EE), particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), and drug release profile, respectively. The anticancer effects of the drugs were assessed using the MTT and trypan blue exclusion assays. Flow cytometry was empl...
Source: Medical Oncology - August 25, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Metformin as a promising target for DPP4 expression: computational modeling and experimental validation
AbstractMetformin is a regularly prescribed and low-cost generic medication. Metformin has been proposed as a target for Dipeptidyl-peptidase 4 (DPP4) expression in various clinical disorders. We provide insilco investigations on molecular docking and dynamic modeling of metformin and DPP4 potential interactions. Moreover, we conducted bioinformatic studies to highlight the clinical significance of DPP4 expression and mutation in various types of malignancies, as well as the invasion of different immune cells into the tumor microenvironment. We believe the present proposal ’s findings have crucial implications for unders...
Source: Medical Oncology - August 25, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
The mechanism of LSM2 in the progression of live hepatocellular carcinoma was analyzed based on bioinformatics
AbstractComprehensive analysis of the expression and probable function of LSM2 in Live hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC), and validation via in vitro experiments. Integrated use of database resources to examine the differential expression, survival prognosis, clinicopathological characteristics, and functional enrichment of LSM2 in LIHC. The expression level of LSM2 in LIHC tissues and adjacent tissues was proven via immunohistochemical staining. The biological function of LSM2 in LIHC was detected by cell proliferation, cell cloning, cell scratch, cell migration, and invasion experiments in vitro. TIMER 2.0 and GEPIA indica...
Source: Medical Oncology - August 23, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Revolutionizing cancer treatment: a comprehensive review of CAR-T cell therapy
AbstractChimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy is a promising new treatment for cancer that involves genetically modifying a patient ’s T-cells to recognize and attack cancer cells. This review provides an overview of the latest discoveries and clinical trials related to CAR-T cell therapy, as well as the concept and applications of the therapy. The review also discusses the limitations and potential side effects of CAR-T cell therapy, including the high cost and the risk of cytokine release syndrome and neurotoxicity. While CAR-T cell therapy has shown promising results in the treatment of hematologic malignanci...
Source: Medical Oncology - August 22, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
METTL3 regulatory TROAP can regulate the progression of non-small cell lung cancer through PI3K/AKT and EMT signaling pathway
AbstractTROAP, interacts with trophinin and bystin, polys a key role in embryo implantation. TROAP is required for spindle assembly and centrosome integrity during the mitosis. TROAP has been described to promote tumorigenesis in a diverse range of cancer. We performed this study to assess the biological and clinical significance of TROAP in Non-small cell lung cancer. Forty-eight pairs of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) tissues and paraneoplastic tissues were collected. RT-qPCR, western bolt and immunohistochemistry assay was used to test TROAP RNA and protein expression not in LUAD tissues and paraneoplastic tissues but in LU...
Source: Medical Oncology - August 22, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
The potential of monoclonal antibodies for colorectal cancer therapy
AbstractConventional chemotherapy has significant limitations for colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment, especially those who have developed metastatic recurrence CRC. A growing number of studies have investigated the potential use of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) for CRC therapy. mAbs showing clinical benefits for CRC, making the treatment more selective with lower side effects without significant immunogenicity. In addition, recent advancements in antibody engineering strategies and the development of bifunctional or even trifunctional drugs have helped to overcome heterogeneity as the main challenge in cancer treatment. The ...
Source: Medical Oncology - August 21, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Hypoxia-induced PPFIA4 accelerates the progression of ovarian cancer through glucose metabolic reprogramming
AbstractDysregulated glycolysis promotes growth and metastasis, which is one of the metabolic characteristics of ovarian cancer. Based on bioinformatics analysis, liprin-alpha-4 (PPFIA4) is a gene associated with hypoxia, and we aimed to investigate the potential mechanism of PPFIA4 during the reprogramming of glucose metabolism in ovarian cancer cells. Currently, the cell viability of ovarian cancer cells under the hypoxia treatment was evaluated by CCK-8 assay, and cell migration and invasion were measured by transwell assay and western blot. The effects of hypoxia treatment on glucose uptake, lactate production, extrace...
Source: Medical Oncology - August 18, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
The Schiff base hydrazine copper(II) complexes induce apoptosis by P53 overexpression and prevent cell migration through protease-independent pathways
This study confirmed that adding several metal cores and co-ligands increased the activity of the complex. It also appeared that Cu-containing complexes could prevent the migration of cancer cells through protease-independent pathways, which can be used for novel therapeutic purposes. (Source: Medical Oncology)
Source: Medical Oncology - August 18, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Integrative analysis of GWAS and transcriptomics data reveal key genes for non-small lung cancer
AbstractLung cancer is one of the world ’s most common and deadly cancers. The two main types of lung cancer are non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC). More than 85% of lung cancers are NSCLC. Genetic factors play a significant role in the risk of NSCLC. Growing studies focus on studying risk factors at th e molecular level. The aim of the study is to build a pipeline to integrate Genome-wide association analysis (GWAS) and transcriptomics data with machine learning to effectively identify genetic risk factors of NSCLC. GWAS datasets and GWAS summary data were downloaded from GWAS catalog, ...
Source: Medical Oncology - August 17, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Mechanism of anticancer effect of gambogic acid on gastric signet ring cell carcinoma
This study aims to investigate the antiproliferative activity of Gambogic acid on SNU-16 cells derived from gastric signet ring cell carcinoma and elucidate the underlying mechanisms. The cytotoxic effect of gambogic acid was evaluated in SNU-16 cells by treating them with different concentrations of the compound, and the XTT cell viability assay was employed to assess cell viability. ELISA was used to measure bax, BCL-2, caspase 3, PARP, and 8-oxo-dG levels. Additionally, immunofluorescence staining was applied to assess 8-oxo-dG and LC3 β levels in SNU-16 cells. It was observed that gambogic acid exerted a dose-dependen...
Source: Medical Oncology - August 16, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Claudin-3 facilitates the progression and mediates the tumorigenic effects of TGF- β in glioblastoma multiforme
In this study, we used qRT-PCR, western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence staining assays to investigate the expression levels of various proteins. To explore the proliferation abilities of GBM cells, we conducted the CCK-8 and EdU-DNA formation assays. Wound healing and transwell assays were used to investigate the capacities of invasion and migration of GBM cells. Additionally, we constructed an intracranial xenograft model of GBM to study the invivo role of CLDN3. Our study devoted to investigate the function of CLDN3 in the pathogenesis and progression of GBM. Our study revealed that CLDN3 was upre...
Source: Medical Oncology - August 14, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
CRISPR screen identifies GATAD1 as a synthetic lethal target with CDK4/6 inhibitors in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer
AbstractEstrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer represents approximately two-thirds of all breast cancers and has a sustained risk of late disease recurrence. Combining cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 (CDK4/6) inhibitors with anti-estrogen therapies significantly improves ER+ advanced breast cancer clinical outcomes. Despite promising clinical outcomes, intrinsic or acquired resistance to CDK4/6 inhibitors has limited their success. We used CRISPR to screen MCF-7 cells to explore the targets whose inhibition is synthetic lethal with CDK4/6 inhibitors in ER+ breast cancer cells. We found that GATA zinc finger domain cont...
Source: Medical Oncology - August 11, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
6-Methoxydihydrosanguinarine exhibits cytotoxicity and sensitizes TRAIL-induced apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells through ROS-mediated upregulation of DR5
Abstract6-methoxydihydrosanguinarine (6-MS), a natural benzophenanthridine alkaloid extracted fromMacleaya cordata (Willd.) R. Br, has shown to trigger apoptotic cell death in cancer cells. However, the exact mechanisms involved have not yet been clarified. The current study reveals the underlying mechanisms of 6-MS-induced cytotoxicity in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells and investigates whether 6-MS sensitizes TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL)-induced apoptosis. 6-MS was shown to suppress cell proliferation and trigger cell cycle arrest, DNA damage, and apoptosis in HCC cells. Mechanisms analysis indicate...
Source: Medical Oncology - August 11, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research