Identification of novel inhibitors from Urtica spp against TNBC targeting JAK2 receptor for breast cancer therapy
AbstractBreast cancer is the most prevalent form of cancer in women globally, and TNBC (triple-negative breast cancer) is its aggressive type since it lacks the usual targets. JAK2/STAT3 pathway can be an important lead in anticancer drug discovery, as restraining the downstream signalling of this pathway results in the induction of cell apoptosis. Moreover, various limitations associated with chemotherapy are the reason to find an alternative herbal-based therapy. For this study, we collectedUrtica dioica andU. parviflora from different regions of Uttarakhand, followed by preparation of their leaf and stem extracts in dif...
Source: Medical Oncology - October 8, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Recent advancement in targeted therapy and role of emerging technologies to treat cancer
AbstractCancer is a complex disease that causes abnormal cell growth and spread. DNA mutations, chemical or environmental exposure, viral infections, chronic inflammation, hormone abnormalities, etc., are underlying factors that can cause cancer. Drug resistance and toxicity complicate cancer treatment. Additionally, the variability of cancer makes it difficult to establish universal treatment guidelines. Next-generation sequencing has made genetic testing inexpensive. This uncovers genetic mutations that can be treated with specialty drugs. AI (artificial intelligence), machine learning, biopsy, next-generation sequencing...
Source: Medical Oncology - October 7, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
HDAC11 mediates the ubiquitin-dependent degradation of p53 and inhibits the anti-leukemia effect of PD0166285
In this study, the WEE1 inhibitor PD0166285 showed a relatively good anti-leukemia effect. Notably, PD0166285 can arise the expression of HDAC11 which was negatively correlated with survival of AML patients. Moreover, HDAC11 can reduced the anti-tumor effect of PD0166285 through an effect on p53 stability and the changes in phosphorylation levels of MAPK pathways. Overall, the cell cycle inhibitor, PD0166285, is a potential chemotherapeutic drug for AML. These fundings contribute to a functional understanding of HDAC11 in AML. (Source: Medical Oncology)
Source: Medical Oncology - October 7, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Novel biomolecules in targeted cancer therapy: a new approach towards precision medicine
AbstractCancer is a major threat to human life around the globe, and the discovery of novel biomolecules continue to be an urgent therapeutic need that is still unmet. Precision medicine relies on targeted therapeutic strategies. Researchers are better equipped to develop therapies that target proteins as they understand more about the genetic alterations and molecules that cause progression of cancer. There has been a re cent diversification of the sorts of targets exploited in treatment. Therapeutic antibody and biotechnology advancements enabled curative treatments to reach previously inaccessible sites. New treatm...
Source: Medical Oncology - October 7, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Colorectal cancer cell membrane biomimetic ferroferric oxide nanomaterials for homologous bio-imaging and chemotherapy application
AbstractThe research of nanomaterials for bio-imaging and theranostic are very active nowadays with unprecedented advantages in nanomedicine. Homologous targeting and bio-imaging greatly improve the ability of targeted drug delivery and enhance active targeting and treatment ability of nanomedicine for the tumor. In this work, lycorine hydrochloride (LH) and magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles coated with a colorectal cancer (CRC) cell membrane (LH-Fe3O4@M) were prepared, for homologous targeting, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and chemotherapy. Results showed that the LH-Fe3O4@M and Fe3O4@M intensity at HT29 tumor was si...
Source: Medical Oncology - October 6, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Theranostic signature of tumor-derived exosomes in cancer
AbstractCancer is the most challenging global health crisis. In the recent times, studies on extracellular vesicles (EVs) are adding a new chapter to cancer research and reports on EVs explores cancer in a new dimension. Exosomes are a group of subpopulations of EVs. It originates from the endosomes and carries biologically active molecules to the neighboring cells which in turn transfor ms the recipient cell activity. In general, it plays a role in cellular communication. The correlation between exosomes and cancer is fascinating. Tumor-derived exosomes (TEXs) play a dynamic role in cancer progression and are associate...
Source: Medical Oncology - October 5, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Network pharmacology-based anti-colorectal cancer activity of piperlonguminine in the ethanolic root extract of Piper longum L
AbstractColorectal cancer (CRC) has the second highest incidence and fatality rates of any malignancy, at 10.2 and 9.2%, respectively. Plants and plants-based products for thousands of years have been utilized to treat cancer along with other associated health issues. Alkaloids are a valuable class of chemical compounds with great potential as new medicine possibilities.Piper longum Linn contains various types of alkaloids. In this research, the ethanolic root extract ofP. longum (EREPL) is the subject of study based on network pharmacology. Two alkaloids were chosen from the gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC –MS)...
Source: Medical Oncology - October 5, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Diosmetin induces apoptosis and protective autophagy in human gastric cancer HGC-27 cells via the PI3K/Akt/FoxO1 and MAPK/JNK pathways
In this study, we aimed to investigate the impact of diosmetin on cell proliferation, migration, cell cycle progression and apoptosis in human gastric cancer HGC-27 cells. Our findings revealed that diosmetin effectively suppressed cell proliferation, induced G2/M phase cell cycle arrest, and triggered cell apoptosis. Mechanistically, diosmetin downregulated the expression of antiapoptotic proteins Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL, while upregulated the level of proapoptotic proteins such as Bax, cleaved PARP and cleaved caspase-3. Additionally, diosmetin inhibited Akt and FoxO1 phosphorylation, while activated the MAPK signaling pathway....
Source: Medical Oncology - October 5, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Synergistic induction of apoptosis in liver cancer cells: exploring the combined potential of doxorubicin and XL-888
AbstractCombination therapy has been frequently preferred in treating various types of cancer in recent years. Targeted cancer therapy has also become one of the remarkable treatment modalities. Therefore, the aim of the study to investigate its cytotoxic and apoptotic effects on liver cancer cell lines by combining the classical chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin (DOX) and a targeted agent, the new generation HSP90 inhibitor XL-888. The molecular docking method was used to predict the binding conformation of XL-888 on the human Hsp90. The single and combined cytotoxic effects of DOX and XL-888 on liver cancer cell lines He...
Source: Medical Oncology - October 4, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Decoding dysregulated angiogenesis in HTLV-1 asymptomatic carriers compared to healthy individuals
This study aims to investigate the gene regulation involved in the angiogenesis signaling pathway associated with HTLV-1 infection. The research enrolled 20 male participants, including asymptomatic carriers and healthy individuals. Blood samples were collected and screened using ELISA for HTLV-1 confirmation, and PCR was performed for both Tax and HBZ for validation. RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis were carried out, followed by RT-qPCR analysis targeting cellular genes involved in angiogenesis. Our findings indicate that gene expression related to angiogenesis was elevated in HTLV-1 ACs patients. However, the difference...
Source: Medical Oncology - October 4, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Identification by molecular dynamic simulation and in vitro validation of SISB-A1, N-[1-(4-bromophenyl)-3-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl]-2-[(2-oxo-4-phenyl-2H-chromen-7-yl) oxy], as an inhibitor of the AblT315I mutant kinase to combat imatinib resistance in chronic myeloid leukemia
AbstractThe discovery of imatinib, a specific inhibitor of Abl kinase, revolutionized the therapeutic approach to chronic myeloid leukemia (CML); however, its efficacy can be impeded by the emergence of novel mutations within the kinase domain, particularly AblT315I, that lead to the development of drug resistance. It therefore remains necessary to identify specific inhibitors that can effectively target imatinib-resistant CML harboring the AblT315I mutation. A natural product library sourced from the ZINC database was screened against the experimental structure of AblT315I kinase to identify compounds that selectively tar...
Source: Medical Oncology - October 3, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Lysates from the probiotic bacterium Streptococcus thermophilus enhances the survival of T cells and triggers programmed cell death in neuroblastoma cells
In this study, aStreptococcus thermophilus strain, isolated from a local yogurt, was used as it is considered a potential probiotic due to its tolerance lower pH, bile acid, antibiotic suitability, and blood hemolysis. Our results showed thatS. thermophilus lysates played as an immune checkpoint modulator at 25 µg/ml dose boosting PD-L1 transcripts and protein levels in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line. Interestingly, co-culture between SH-SY5Y and Jurkat T cells in the presence of blocking PD-L1 antibodies increased Jurkat T-cell viability compering to control without lysate. On the other hand, annexin-V/ 7-AAD, qPCR and ...
Source: Medical Oncology - October 3, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Himalayan flora: targeting various molecular pathways in lung cancer
AbstractThe fatal amplification of lung cancer across the globe and the limitations of current treatment strategies emphasize the necessity for substitute therapeutics. The incorporation of phyto-derived components in chemo treatment holds promise in addressing those challenges. Despite the significant progressions in lung cancer therapeutics, the complexities of molecular mechanism and pathways underlying this disease remain inadequately understood, necessitating novel biomarker targeting. The Himalayas, abundant in diverse plant varieties with established chemotherapeutic potential, presents a promising avenue for invest...
Source: Medical Oncology - October 3, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Involving stemness factors to improve CAR T-cell-based cancer immunotherapy
AbstractTreatment with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells indicated remarkable clinical responses with liquid cancers such as hematological malignancies; however, their therapeutic efficacy faced with many challenges in solid tumors due to severe toxicities, antigen evasion, restricted and limited tumor tissue trafficking and infiltration, and, more importantly, immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) factors that impair the CAR T-cell function adds support survival of cancer stem cells (CSCs), responsible for tumor recurrence and resistance to current cancer therapies. Therefore, in-depth identification of TME...
Source: Medical Oncology - October 1, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
A multitier virtual screening of antagonists targeting PD-1/PD-L1 interface for the management of triple-negative breast cancer
AbstractImmunotherapies are promising therapeutic options for the management of triple-negative breast cancer because of its high mutation rate and genomic instability. Of note, the blockade of the immune checkpoint protein PD-1 and its ligand PD-L1 has been proven to be an efficient and potent strategy to combat triple-negative breast cancer. To date, various anti-PD-1/anti-PD-L1 antibodies have been approved. However, the intrinsic constraints of these therapeutic antibodies significantly limit their application, making small molecules a potentially significant option for PD-1/PD-L1 inhibition. In light of this, the cu...
Source: Medical Oncology - September 30, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
