PERSIAN trial (NCT05717660): an ongoing randomized trial testing androgen deprivation therapy, apalutamide and stereotactic body radiotherapy. An alternative “triplet” for oligometastatic hormone sensitive prostate cancer patients
AbstractEarlier treatment intensification with systemic potent androgen receptor inhibition has been shown to improve clinical outcomes in metastatic hormone sensitive prostate cancer. Nonetheless, oligometastatic patients may benefit from local treatment approaches such as stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT). Aiming to explore the benefit of SBRT in this scenario, we designed this trial to specifically test the hypothesis that SBRT will improve clinical outcomes in select population affected by metachronous oligometastatic HSPC treated with androgen deprivation therapy  + apalutamide. Enrolled patients will be rando...
Source: Medical Oncology - December 29, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

In silico study of polyphenols as potential inhibitors of MALT1 protein in non-Hodgkin lymphoma
AbstractNon-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is one of the most common cancer types. Deregulated signaling pathways can trigger certain NHL subtypes, including Diffuse Large B-cell lymphoma. NF- ĸB signaling pathway, which is responsible for the proliferation, growth, and survival of cells, has an essential role in lymphoma development. Although different signals control NF-ĸB activation in various lymphoid malignancies, the characteristic one is the CARD11-BCL10-MALT1 (CBM) complex. The CBM complex is responsible for the initiation of adaptive immune response. Our study is focused on the molecular docking of ten polyphenols as po...
Source: Medical Oncology - December 28, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Identification of hub genes to determine drug-disease correlation in breast carcinomas
AbstractThe exact molecular mechanism underlying the heterogeneous drug response against breast carcinoma remains to be fully understood. It is urgently required to identify key genes that are intricately associated with varied clinical response of standard anti-cancer drugs, clinically used to treat breast cancer patients. In the present study, the utility of transcriptomic data of breast cancer patients in discerning the clinical drug response using machine learning-based approaches were evaluated. Here, a computational framework has been developed which can be used to identify key genes that can be linked with clinical ...
Source: Medical Oncology - December 28, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Unraveling the multifaceted role of EpCAM in colorectal cancer: an integrated review of its function and interplay with non-coding RNAs
AbstractThe epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) is a critical glycoprotein involved in cell cycle progression, proliferation, differentiation, migration, and immune evasion. Its role as a target for bispecific antibodies has shown promise in annihilating cancer cells. EpCAM's potential as a biomarker for tumor-initiating cells, characterized by self-renewal and tumorigenic capabilities, underscores its value in early cancer detection, immunotherapy, and targeted drug delivery. While EpCAM monotherapies have been met with limited success, bispecific antibodies targeting both EpCAM and other proteins have exhibited enc...
Source: Medical Oncology - December 27, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Intestinal epithelial SNAI1 promotes the occurrence of colorectal cancer by enhancing EMT and Wnt/ β-catenin signaling
In this study, colitis and c olitis-associated CRC were induced through the use of intestinal epithelium-specificSnai1 knockout (Snai1 cKO) mice. Our findings indicate thatSnai1 cKO mice exhibit a reduced susceptibility to acute colitis and colitis-associated CRC compared to control mice. Western-blot analysis of colon tissues revealed thatSnai1 cKO mice exhibited a higher overall apoptosis level during tumor formation than control mice. No significant differences were observed in the activation of the classical p53 signaling pathway. However,Snai1 cKO mice exhibited weakened EMT and Wnt/ β-catenin pathway activation. In ...
Source: Medical Oncology - December 27, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Gastrodin inhibits prostate cancer proliferation by targeting canonical Wnt/ β-catenin signaling pathway
In this study, we found that Gastrodin could significantly inhibit the proliferation of prostate cancer cell line PC3 and DU145. Oral administration Gastrodin could significantly inhibit the tumor growth of PC3 cells subcutaneously injected. Gastr odin has an inhibitory effect on canonical Wnt/β-Catenin signaling pathway in Prostate cancer, and this inhibitory effect can be abolished by Wnt/β-Catenin agonist LiCl. These findings raise the possibility that Gastrodin can be used in the treatment of Prostate cancer by targeting canonical Wnt/β -Catenin signaling pathway. (Source: Medical Oncology)
Source: Medical Oncology - December 27, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

USP10 promotes migration and cisplatin resistance in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cells
AbstractCisplatin-based chemotherapy is the main treatment option for advanced or metastatic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). However, most ESCC patients develop drug resistance within 2  years after receiving cisplatin chemotherapy. Ubiquitin-specific protease 10 (USP10) is abnormally expressed in a variety of cancers, but the mechanistic roles of USP10 in ESCC are still obscure. Here, the effects of USP10 on the migration and cisplatin resistance of ESCC in vivo and in vitro and the underlying mechanisms have been investigated by bioinformatics analysis, RT-PCR, western blotting, immunoprecipitation, immunohis...
Source: Medical Oncology - December 27, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

The emerging role of breast cancer derived extracellular vesicles-mediated intercellular communication in ovarian cancer progression and metastasis
In conclusion, an environment of tumor-derived EVs changes the cellular phenotype of cancer and noncancerous cells and may lead to tumor progression and metastasis. (Source: Medical Oncology)
Source: Medical Oncology - December 26, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Inhibition of PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway and modulation of histone deacetylase enzymes reduce the growth of acute myeloid leukemia cells
In conclusion, although more mechanistic studies are required, a combinational inhibition of PI3K and HDAC could be a promising approach for AML. (Source: Medical Oncology)
Source: Medical Oncology - December 26, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

GNL3L promotes autophagy via regulating AMPK signaling in esophageal cancer cells
AbstractGuanine nucleotide-binding protein-like 3-like (GNL3L), a conserved GTP-binding nucleolar protein, participates in regulating cell proliferation, and associates with tumorigenesis and poor prognosis in several kind of cancers. However, the role of GNL3L in modulating autophagy remains unclear. Here, we verified that GNL3L was higher expressed in esophageal cancer (ESCA) biopsies than that in the corresponding normal biopsies by a human ESCA tissue array. Utilizing immunoblotting and real-time PCR assays, we analyzed the expression of GNL3L in several ESCA cell lines, and it was highly expressed in KYSE410 cells and...
Source: Medical Oncology - December 26, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Association of Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (WASp) in epigenetic regulation of B cell differentiation in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC)
AbstractNon-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for approximately 85% of all lung cancer which is the deadliest type of cancer for both men and women. Previous studies already showed that cell-intrinsic loss of WASp causes B cell tolerance and WASp deficiency in T helper (TH) cells is linked to negative effects on cytokine gene transcription necessary for TH1 differentiation. In the current study, we investigated the molecular mechanisms involved in WASp-mediated epigenetic regulation of B cell differentiation during NSCLC. Our ChIP-qPCR data suggest the less percentage enrichment of the B cell differentiating factors ...
Source: Medical Oncology - December 25, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Repurposing pantoprazole in combination with systemic therapy in advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: a phase I/II randomized study
AbstractPantoprazole decreases  the acidity of the tumor microenvironment by inhibiting proton pumps on the cancer cell. This possibly leads to increased sensitivity to cytotoxic therapy. We conducted a phase I/II randomized controlled trial in adult patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) planned for firs t-line palliative chemotherapy. Patients were randomized to chemotherapy + / − intravenous (IV) pantoprazole. The primary endpoint in phase I was to determine the maximum safe dose of intravenous pantoprazole, whereas it was progression-free survival (PFS) in phase II. The dose of IV panto...
Source: Medical Oncology - December 21, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Gut microbiota in cancer: insights on microbial metabolites and therapeutic strategies
AbstractIn recent years, the role of gut microbiota in cancer treatment has attracted substantial attention. It is now well established that gut microbiota and its metabolites significantly contribute to the incidence, treatment, and prognosis of various cancers. This review provides a comprehensive review on the pivotal role of gut microbiota and their metabolites in cancer initiation and progression. Furthermore, it evaluates the impact of gut microbiota on the efficacy and associated side effects of anticancer therapies, including radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy, thus emphasizing the clinical importance of...
Source: Medical Oncology - December 21, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Exploring the advances of single-cell RNA sequencing in thyroid cancer: a narrative review
AbstractThyroid cancer, a prevalent form of endocrine malignancy, has witnessed a substantial increase in occurrence in recent decades. To gain a comprehensive understanding of thyroid cancer at the single-cell level, this narrative review evaluates the applications of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) in thyroid cancer research. ScRNA-seq has revolutionised the identification and characterisation of distinct cell subpopulations, cell-to-cell communications, and receptor interactions, revealing unprecedented heterogeneity and shedding light on novel biomarkers for therapeutic discovery. These findings aid in the const...
Source: Medical Oncology - December 21, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Recombinant human endostatin as a potential anti-angiogenic agent: therapeutic perspective and current status
AbstractAngiogenesis is the physiological process that results in the formation of new blood vessels develop from pre-existing vasculature and plays a significant role in several physiological and pathological processes. Inhibiting angiogenesis, a crucial mechanism in the growth and metastasis of cancer, has been proposed as a potential anticancer therapy. Different studies showed the beneficial effects of angiogenesis inhibitors either in patients suffering from different cancers, alone or in combination with conventional therapies. Even though there are currently a number of efficient anti-angiogenic drugs, including mon...
Source: Medical Oncology - December 21, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research