Insulinoma-associated protein 1 (INSM1) is a useful marker for pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor
AbstractInsulinoma-associated protein 1 (INSM1) is an important biomarker of Achaete-scute homolog-like 1-driven pathways. For diagnosis of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PanNET), chromogranin A (CGA), synaptophysin (SYP), and neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) were also considered as potential biomarkers. However, it is often difficult to diagnose it immunohistochemically. Hence, we examined the expression pattern of INSM1 in pancreatic solid tumors. We detected INSM1, CGA, SYP, and NCAM immunohistochemically, in 27 cases of NET [pure type: 25 cases, mixed adenoneuroendocrine carcinoma (MANEC): 2 cases]. We included ...
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - August 28, 2017 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
CD163-positive cancer cells are potentially associated with high malignant potential in clear cell renal cell carcinoma
AbstractCD163 is preferentially expressed by monocyte/macrophages; however, recent studies using immunohistochemistry (IHC) have reported that some cancer cells also express CD163. In the present IHC study, we investigated CD163 staining of cancer cells and macrophages in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) tissues and determined the relationship between cancer cell CD163 expression and clinical prognosis in patients with ccRCC. IHC for CD163 was performed in ccRCC tissues from 103 patients. CD163-positive cancer cells were detected in 35% of the patients (36/103); however, the positive signals on cancer cells were sig...
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - July 7, 2017 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Increased hepatic ABCA1 transporter is associated with hypercholesterolemia in a cholestatic rat model and primary biliary cholangitis patients
This study aimed to determine the expression of hepatic ABCA1 levels in a cholestatic rat model and patients with primary biliary cholangitis (PBC). A cholesterol efflux study was conducted withAbca1 knock down using siRNA in WIF9 cells. Cholesterol levels in the ABCA1 siRNA cells in the medium were significantly decreased compared with those in controls (P < 0.05). Hepatic ABCA1 mRNA levels were significantly higher in BDL rats than in control rats (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the protein expression level of hepatic ABCA1 was also significantly increased by 200% in BDL rats (P < 0.05). In PBC patients, expre...
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - June 28, 2017 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Inclusion bodies of aggregated hemosiderins in liver macrophages
In conclusion, inclusion formation in macrophages may be an adaptation of the liver loaded with excess iron. (Source: Medical Molecular Morphology)
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - June 19, 2017 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
The significance of TIMD4 expression in clear cell renal cell carcinoma
AbstractT-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain (TIMD) family genes are related to innate immune responses. TIMD4 is a receptor for phosphatidylserine and is involved in the phagocytosis of apoptotic cells by macrophages. In the present study, we found that TIMD4 is expressed on the cancer cells of patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). TIMD4 was immunostained in the resected samples of 89 patients diagnosed as ccRCC. High expression of TIMD4 in cancer cells was closely related to short progression free survival time; however, it was not correlated with other clinicopathological factors. Intracellular expres...
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - June 19, 2017 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Hepatic progenitor cell expansion in early-stage nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: evidence from immunohistochemistry and immunoelectron microscopy of matrix metalloproteinase-1
(Source: Medical Molecular Morphology)
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - June 2, 2017 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Autism spectrum disorder-associated genes and the development of dentate granule cells
AbstractAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by severe clinical symptoms such as the deficiency of the social communication, repetitive and stereotyped behaviors, and restricted interests. Although complex genetic and environmental factors are thought to contribute to the development of ASD, the precise etiologies are largely unknown. Neuroanatomical observations have been made of developmental abnormalities in different brain regions, including dentate gyrus of hippocampus, which is widely accepted as the center for learning and memory. However, little is known about what roles ASD...
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - May 22, 2017 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Establishment of a tumor sphere cell line from a metastatic brain neuroendocrine tumor
AbstractNeuroendocrine tumors are rare, and little is known about the existence of cancer stem cells in this disease. Identification of the tumorigenic population will contribute to the development of effective therapies targeting neuroendocrine tumors. Surgically resected brain metastases from a primary neuroendocrine tumor of unknown origin were dissociated and cultured in serum-free neurosphere medium. Stem cell properties, including self-renewal, differentiation potential, and stem cell marker expression, were examined. Tumor formation was evaluated using intracranial xenograft models. The effect of temozolomide was me...
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - May 17, 2017 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Intracellular morphological changes in Staphylococcus aureus induced by treatment with sodium hypochlorite
AbstractSodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) is commonly used as a disinfectant; however, its bactericidal mechanism has not yet been clarified. In the present study, the bactericidal mechanism of NaOCl was examined using microscopy and gel electrophoresis techniques withStaphylococcus aureus strain 209P.S. aureus cells treated with 500 and 1000 ppm NaOCl for 5 and 15 min were observed by SEM and TEM. SEM images of the bacterial cells treated with NaOCl showed an irregular surface, with cells being partially invaginated. TEM images of the bacterial cells showed cytoplasmic alterations, accompanied by a partially irregular cellul...
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - May 17, 2017 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Adipose-derived stem cell (ASC)-enriched fat grafting: experiments using White rabbits and an automated cell processing apparatus
AbstractThe grafting of fat mixed with adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) is being increasingly applied to compensate for the disadvantages of previous fat grafting methods. Devices that automatically isolate fat stem cells also have recently been developed. ASCs were isolated from the inguinal region of White rabbits using Icellator®, and the number of cells and their viability were measured. The cell count per fat graft (mL) was adjusted to the following concentrations and subcutaneously transplanted into the back: Control group, Fat + PBS; Fat + ASCs (×0.5) group, 1.6 × 105 cells/mL; and Fat + ASCs (×1) gro...
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - April 24, 2017 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Quantified kidney echogenicity in mice with renal ischemia reperfusion injury: evaluation as a noninvasive biomarker of acute kidney injury
AbstractThe purpose is to evaluate quantified kidney echogenicity as a biomarker for the early diagnosis of acute kidney injury (AKI) and predicting progression to chronic kidney disease (CKD) in a mouse model of ischemia –reperfusion injury (IRI). Two separate protocols of murine models of IRI were used: (1) 10, 30, and 40 min of bilateral ischemia duration and (2) 45 and 60 min of unilateral ischemia duration. Renal echogenicity was measured with ultrasound and compared with serum creatinine or urine neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) at various timepoints after IRI. In mice subjected to 10, 30, and 40...
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - April 5, 2017 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase-expressing cells in human anterior pituitary and pituitary adenoma
AbstractExtracellular matrix (ECM) is essential in tissue physiology and pathologic conditions such as tumorigenesis. It affects tumor cell behavior, proliferation, and metastasis. Pituitary adenomas differ in their clinical characteristics, including ECM deposition, and we recently reported that the characteristics of collagen-producing cells differed between control human anterior pituitary gland and pituitary adenomas. ECM deposition is not defined solely by production; degradation and maintenance are also important. Tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) help maintain ECM by inhibiting degradation caused by ma...
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - March 28, 2017 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Enhanced podocyte vesicle transport in the nephrotic rat
In conclusion, the podocyte endocytic vesicles carrying albumin increased with glomerular cytoplasmic dynein and myosin in minimal change nephrotic rats. (Source: Medical Molecular Morphology)
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - March 16, 2017 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Immunohistochemical evaluation of Klotho and DNA methyltransferase 3a in oral squamous cell carcinomas
In this study, we analyzed the immunohistochemical expressions of Klotho and DNMT3a in tissues obtained from oral dysplasia and oral squamous cell carcinoma. Our results showed increased immune expression of DNMT3a, and decreased expression of Klotho in cells of the cancer tissues when compared with those in the dysplasia and healthy control samples. Chi-square tests complemented by adjusted residual analysis revealed significantly higher number of Klotho-positive and DNMT3a-negative cases in healthy controls, Klotho-negative and DNMT3a-negative cases in ODL, and Klotho-negative and DNMT3a-positive cases in OSCC when compa...
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - March 15, 2017 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Enhancement of adherence of Helicobacter pylori to host cells by virus: possible mechanism of development of symptoms of gastric disease
In this study, we analyzed whethersimian virus 5 (SV5) enhanced adherence ofH. pylori to adenocarcinoma epithelial cells (AGS).H. pylori in AGS (harboring SV5) and SV5-infected Vero cells, and an agglutination ofH. pylori mixed with SV5 were observed by light microscopy, scanning and transmission electron microscopies. The adherent rate ofH. pylori to SV5-infected Vero cells and treated with an anti-SV5 antibody was determined.H. pylori adhered to the surface of AGS cells near SV5 particles, as shown by scanning and transmission electron microscopies. The adherence ofH. pylori to SV5-infected Vero cells was significantly e...
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - March 9, 2017 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
