Histone H3.3 mutation in giant cell tumor of bone: an update in pathology
AbstractGiant cell tumor of bone (GCTB) is a locally aggressive bone tumor that frequently shows local recurrence and occasionally shows malignant transformation to high-grade sarcoma. Histologically, conventional GCTB is composed mainly of three types of cells: mononuclear neoplastic cells with an osteoblastic precursor phenotype, mononuclear histiocytic cells, and osteoclast-like multinucleated giant cells. These cells interact with each other via the RANKL-RANK axis and other mechanisms for tumor formation. The vast majority of GCTBs were recently revealed to harborH3F3A p.G34W mutation, and a minor subset haveH3F3A p.G...
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - November 19, 2019 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Membranous overexpression of S100A10 is associated with a high-grade cellular status of breast carcinoma
AbstractS100A10 promotes tumor invasion in various cancers. Although genetic studies on S100A10 in breast carcinoma (BC) have been used for molecular biological classification, immunohistochemical studies are lacking. We aimed to identify the correlation between S100A10 expression in BC and various pathological parameters, including morphological features to determine histological grade (HG). Immunostained serial paraffin-embedded tissue sections from 176 cases of resected BC or normal mammary ducts (controls) were assessed for the membrane expression of S100A10. Of the 176 cases, 125 conventional infiltrating ductal carci...
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - November 14, 2019 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Primary mediastinal large B cell lymphoma with coexisting aberrations of C-MYC and BCL-2: a case report and literature review
AbstractPrimary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma (PMLBCL) is an aggressive lymphoma characteristic with distinct clinical, morphologic, and immunophenotypic features. The rearrangements of C-MYC, BCL2 and/or BCL6 which are common in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) are typically absent in PLMBCL. Here we proved a novel case of PMLBCL with concurrent rearrangements of C-MYC and BCL2. Histology showed typical pathomorphological features of PLMBCL. Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) studies showed rearrangements of C-MYC and copy number variation (CNV) of BCL2 gene. It is not well known on the clinical significanc...
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - November 13, 2019 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Mechanism of atopic cataract caused by eosinophil granule major basic protein
AbstractAtopic cataracts develop under the ages of 40 years, after which visual acuity rapidly declines. However, the mechanism underlying the development of atopic cataracts is not yet clear. We focused on the eosinophil granule major basic protein (MBP), which was detected in the aqueous humor of atopic cataracts previously, and which was cytotoxic . Specifically, we investigated its origin in this fluid and its effects on lens epithelial cells (LECs). MBP immunostaining was positive in atopic cataract-derived LECs, but negative in age-related cataract-derived LECs.MBP mRNA was not detected in either type of cataract, ...
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - October 7, 2019 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
An analysis of monocytes and dendritic cells differentiated from human peripheral blood monocyte-derived induced pluripotent stem cells
AbstractDendritic cell-based immunotherapy, which uses a patient's own immune cells, can be used for cancer treatment and allergy control, such as autoimmune disease and rejection associated with transplantation. However, these treatments create a burden on patients due to repeated blood collection. We used cell biological analysis of monocytes with few mutations obtained from minimal blood collection for genome recombination. Next, we established human peripheral blood monocyte-derived induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) using a commercial vector and standard culture method. We found that when established iPSCs were in...
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - October 3, 2019 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Ultrastructural characterization of cells in the tibial stump of ruptured human anterior cruciate ligament, their changes and significance with duration of injury
We describe ultrastructural features of fibroblast of different morphology along with myofibroblasts in the ligaments following inju ry, the changes in which might have a potential bearing on ligament healing. (Source: Medical Molecular Morphology)
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - September 26, 2019 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Glucocorticoid-induced leucine zipper protects noise-induced apoptosis in cochlear cells by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress in rats
AbstractEndoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated apoptosis has been reported to be involved in the noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL). Glucocorticoid-induced leucine zipper (GILZ) protein has been reported to have different regulatory effects on apoptosis according to cell types. However, whether GILZ regulates apoptosis in cochlear cells is unclear. Our study aimed to investigate the mechanism by which GILZ protected ER stress-mediated cochlear apoptosis induced by noise exposure. In our trials, forty-eight male Spraque –Dawley rats were randomized into the noise, OE-GILZ-rLV + noise (ON), shRNA-GILZ-rLV + nois...
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - September 3, 2019 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Expression of fatty-acid-binding protein 5 in intrahepatic and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: the possibility of different energy metabolisms in anatomical location
AbstractThe biliary tract cancer (BTC) covers a range of carcinomas, including intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC), cholangiolocellular carcinoma (CoCC), perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (perihilar CC), extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ECC), and gallbladder cancer (GBC), defined according to the anatomical location. These adenocarcinomas mostly comprise biliary epithelial cell-derived malignant cells. In addition to anatomical differences, there are morphological and biological differences in BTC starting from embryonic development of the tissues extending to physiological differences. Fatty acid-binding proteins (FABPs) are...
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - August 19, 2019 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Stage-dependent differential gene expression profiles of cranial neural crest-like cells derived from mouse-induced pluripotent stem cells
AbstractCranial neural crest cells are multipotent cells that migrate into the pharyngeal arches of the vertebrate embryo and differentiate into various craniofacial organ derivatives. Therefore, migrating cranial neural crest cells are considered one of the most attractive candidate cell sources in regenerative medicine. We generated cranial neural crest like cell (cNCCs) using mouse-induced pluripotent stem cells cultured in neural crest-inducing medium for 14 days. Subsequently, we conducted RNA sequencing experiments to analyze gene expression profiles of cNCCs at different time points after induction. cNCCs expresse...
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - July 10, 2019 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Idiopathic copper toxicosis: is abnormal copper metabolism a primary cause of this disease?
AbstractIdiopathic copper toxicosis (ICT) is characterized by marked copper deposition, Mallory-Denk body (MDB) formation and severe hepatic injury. Although the characteristics are apparently different from Wilson disease, large amounts of copper accumulate in the liver of the patients. We extensively treated a patient with ICT to reduce the body copper, however, the patient needed liver transplantation. Previous liver biopsy revealed high copper content. But extirpated liver contained an extremely small amount of copper, although MDBs and severe inflammation remained. These phenomena suggest abnormal copper metabolism is...
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - June 2, 2019 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Three-dimensional architecture of the acetabular labrum in the human hip joint
AbstractThe acetabular labrum is frequently damaged with advancing age. As collagen fibers are the main sources of strength, knowledge of their ultrastructure is important to determine the cause of age-induced changes. We aimed to investigate the ultrastructure of collagen fibers constituting the acetabular labrum using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Acetabular labrum samples obtained during total hip arthroplasty were studied. The samples were specially prepared to observe the steric construction of collagen fibrils constituting the acetabular labrum under light microscopy followed by SEM. The acetabular labrum was m...
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - May 28, 2019 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Multiplex PCR analysis of apocrine lesions shows frequent PI3K –AKT pathway mutations in both benign and malignant apocrine breast tumors
AbstractPathological diagnosis of intraductal apocrine lesions can be challenging, because even benign apocrine lesions often show atypical cytology, and immunohistochemistry is of little assistance. A new diagnostic method for apocrine lesions is desirable. The mutations present in apocrine lesions have not been well studied. We performed a MassARRAY multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) study of benign and malignant apocrine lesions, which included 152 mutations of 18 genes. We found that four of 11 benign lesions showedAKT1 orPIK3CA mutations, one of four noninvasive apocrine carcinomas showed aFBX4 mutation, two of...
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - May 27, 2019 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Molecular association of FtsZ with the intrabacterial nanotransportation system for urease in Helicobacter pylori
In this study, we demonstrated by immunoelectron microscopy that urease along the route ofibNoTS localizes closely with the FtsZ filament in the bacterium. Supporting this, we found by enzyme immunoassay and co-immunoprecipitation analysis that urease interacted with FtsZ. These findings indicate that urease along the route ofibNoTS is closely associated with the FtsZ filament. Since these phenomena were not observed inibNoTS for CagA, the route ofibNoTS for CagA is different from that ofibNoTS for urease. We propose that the route ofibNoTS for urease is associated with the FtsZ filament inH. pylori. (Source: Medical Molecular Morphology)
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - May 26, 2019 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Ultrastructure and three-dimensional architecture of the anterior cruciate ligament in the knee joints of young and old monkeys
We examined the ultrastructure of the anterior cruciate ligament and assessed age-related changes by comparing the ligaments of young and old monkeys. Ultrathin sections of the anterior cruciate ligament were observed by transmission electron microscopy. The three-dimensional architecture of collagen fibers in the ligament was examined by scanning electron microscopy after tissue specimens were treated with 2 N NaOH to digest the extracellular matrix. At the surface layer of the cruciate ligament in young monkeys, fusiform-shaped fibroblasts actively produced collagen fibrils. The ligament consisted of parallel bundles o...
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - May 17, 2019 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Assessment of ApoC1, LuzP6, C12orf75 and OCC-1 in cystic glioblastoma using MALDI –TOF mass spectrometry, immunohistochemistry and qRT-PCR
AbstractMass spectrometric analysis of glioblastoma cyst fluids has disclosed a protein peak withm/z 6424 –6433. Among the proteins, potentially generating this peak are ApoC1 and LuzP6. To further elucidate protein expression of glioblastoma cells, we analyzed MALDI–TOF results of cyst fluid, performed immunohistochemistry and mRNA analysis. MALDI–TOF protein extraction from 24 glioblastoma cyst fluids was performed with a weak cation exchange. 50 glioblastoma samples were stained with two custom-made antibodies against LuzP6 and commercial antibodies against ApoC1, C12orf75 and OCC-1 and analyzed. For mRNA detectio...
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - April 19, 2019 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
