Circulating microRNA-92a-3p in colorectal cancer: a review
AbstractRecent studies have found that microRNAs (miRNAs) are present in body fluids, including blood, cerebrospinal fluid, tears, saliva, breast milk, and urine in a stable form, and are called circulating miRNAs. Although their biological roles remain to be determined, circulating miRNAs are considered as mediators of intercellular communication like hormones and cytokines. Because circulating miRNAs can be collected in a non-invasive manner called as “liquid biopsy”, they have also been studied as potential biomarkers for early detection, evaluation of therapeutic effects, and prediction of prognosis in various dise...
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - February 23, 2021 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Correction to: Upregulation of complement C1q reflects mucosal regeneration in a mouse model of colitis
In the original publication of the article, in “Materials and methods” section under the heading “Histological scoring”, the first sentence should be “After DSS administration, mice were sacrificed, and the entire colon was excised, fixed with 10% formaldehyde solution (Wako Pure Chemical Industries Ltd., Osaka, Japan) and embedded in paraffin”. (Source: Medical Molecular Morphology)
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - February 12, 2021 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Quantitative volumetric analysis of the Golgi apparatus following X-ray irradiation by super-resolution 3D-SIM microscopy
AbstractTo obtain quantitative volumetric data for the Golgi apparatus after ionizing radiation (IR) using super-resolution three-dimensional structured illumination (3D-SIM) microscopy. Normal human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells were irradiated with X-rays (10 Gy), followed by immunofluorescence staining of the Golgi marker RCAS1. 3D-SIM imaging was performed using DeltaVision OMX version 4 and SoftWoRx 6.1. Polygon rendering and spot signal identification were performed using Imaris 8.1.2. Differences between groups were assessed by Welch’st test. RCAS1 signals in untreated cells were located adjacent to nuc...
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - January 26, 2021 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Expression analyses of PLEKHG2, a Rho family-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor, during mouse brain development
In this study, we prepared a specific antibody against PLEKHG2 and carried out expression analyses with mouse tissues. In western blotting, PLEKHG2 exhibited a tissue-dependent expression profile in adult mouse and was expressed in a developmental stage-dependent manner in brain. Then, in immunohistochemical analyses, while PLEKHG2 was observed in the cortical plate and ventricular zone surface of the cerebral cortex at embryonic day 14, it came to be distributed throughout the cerebral cortex in layer II/III and V during corticogenesis. PLEKHG2 was also detected mainly in the nucleus of neurons in the hippocampal CA regio...
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - January 25, 2021 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
A further study on a disturbance of intestinal epithelial cell population and kinetics in APC1638T mice
AbstractAdenomatous polyposis coli (APC), a well-known anti-oncogene, is considered to have multiple functions through its several binding domains. We have continuingly studiedAPC1638T/1638T mice (APC1638T mice) to elucidate the functions of APC other than tumor suppression. A distinctive feature of the APC1638T mice is they are tumor free and live as long asAPC+/+ mice (WT mice). Previously, we found the length of crypt –villus axis in the jejunum was significantly elongated in APC1638T mice compared with that of WT mice. The populations of goblet cells, Paneth cells, and enteroendocrine cells were also disordered in AP...
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - January 25, 2021 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Morphological comparison between three-dimensional structure of immortalized human lens epithelial cells and Soemmering's ring
AbstractThe incidence rate of post-cataract surgery posterior capsule opacification (PCO) and lens turbidity is about 20% in 5 years. Soemmering's ring, which is a type of PCO also called a regenerated lens with similar tissue structure to that of a human lens, is an important proxy for elucidating the mechanism of lens regeneration and maintenance of transparency. The authors created new human immortalized crystalline le ns epithelial cells (iHLEC-NY1s) with excellent differentiation potential, and as a result of culturing the cells by static and rotation-floating methods, succeeded in producing a three-dimensional cell...
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - January 17, 2021 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
A case of “ ETV6 -FISH-negative” secretory carcinoma of the parotid gland: immunohistochemical study
AbstractSecretory carcinoma of the salivary glands is a relatively new disease concept, and is characterized by “morphological resemblance to mammary secretory carcinoma andETV6 –NTRK3 gene fusion. ” Herein we describe a confusing case and briefly discuss practical diagnostic problems. The patient was a 71-year-old Japanese man who had a tumor consistent with secretory carcinoma at the microscopic and immunohistochemical levels. Immunohistochemically, EMA and S100 protein were noted to be po sitive along with various cytokeratins as well as mammaglobin and pSTAT5. Moreover, vimentin was focally positive. Smooth muscl...
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - January 16, 2021 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Dentigerous cyst exhibiting prominent mucous cell metaplasia: report of a unique case mimicking central mucoepidermoid carcinoma
AbstractA Japanese male aged 61 presented with persistent pain in the left posterior area of the mandible for several weeks. A panoramic X-ray revealed a unilocular lesion showing characteristics of a dentigerous cyst associated with an impacted third molar. A cystectomy was performed and histopathological examination revealed a cystic lesion with a fibrous wall. The lumen was covered with non-keratinizing squamous cells with obvious intercellular bridges, which were intermingled with partially ciliated goblet-cell-type mucous and columnar cells. Such cystic lesions should be carefully examined to distinguish them from the...
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - January 12, 2021 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Endometrial cancer with a POLE mutation progresses frequently through the type I pathway despite its high-grade endometrioid morphology: a cohort study at a single institution in Japan
In conclusion, POLE-mutated EC progresses through the type I pathway, even though it frequently shows high-grade endometrioid morphology. The commonPOLE mutation sites in EC might vary among races. (Source: Medical Molecular Morphology)
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - January 5, 2021 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Hemoglobin-induced continuous activation of macrophages in endometriotic cysts: a potential mechanism of endometriosis development and carcinogenesis
In this study, we investigated the distribution of immune cells and CD163 (Hb receptor)-positive cells in the endometriotic cyst wall using immunohistochemistry. We also examined the role of macrophage activation by Hb on the pathogenesis of endometriotic cysts by measuring the cytokine concentration in the cystic fluids and macrophage-culture supernatant using ELISA. Macrophages were the most prominent immune cells observed in the endometriotic cysts and were differentially distributed in the different histological areas of the cyst wall. The localization of CD163-positive macrophages was restricted to the hemorrhagic and...
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - January 4, 2021 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Correlation of hepatitis C virus-mediated endoplasmic reticulum stress with autophagic flux impairment and hepatocarcinogenesis
In conclusion, HCV-induced ER stress correlates with autophagic flux impairment. Decrease of ER stress is considered to be a promising therapeutic strategy for HCV-related chronic liver diseases. However, we should be aware that the risk of hepatocarcinogenesis remains even after HCV eradication. (Source: Medical Molecular Morphology)
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - January 1, 2021 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Elevated MUC5AC expression is associated with mismatch repair deficiency and proximal tumor location but not with cancer progression in colon cancer
AbstractMucin 5AC (MUC5AC) is a secreted gel-forming mucin expressed by several epithelia. In the colon, MUC5AC is expressed in scattered normal epithelial cells but can be abundant in colorectal cancers. To clarify the relationship of MUC5AC expression with parameters of tumor aggressiveness and mismatch repair deficiency (dMMR) in colorectal cancer, a tissue microarray containing 1812 colorectal cancers was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. MUC5AC expression was found in 261 (15.7%) of 1,667 analyzable colorectal cancers. MUC5AC expression strongly depended on the tumor location and gradually decreased from proximal (27....
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - December 29, 2020 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Correction to: PD-L1 expression in tongue squamous cell carcinoma
In the original publication of the article an affiliation should be added to the first author “Naoki Akisada” as given below. (Source: Medical Molecular Morphology)
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - December 14, 2020 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Metanephric adenoma with BRAF V600K mutation and a doubtful radiological imaging: pitfalls in the diagnostic process
AbstractMetanephric adenoma (MA) is an uncommon benign renal tumor whose histomorphological aspect resembles that of Wilms ’ tumor and papillary renal cell carcinoma. From a diagnostic and therapeutic perspective, recognition of this entity is important as it has a more favorable clinical outcome compared with Wilms’ tumor and papillary renal cell carcinoma. MA should not be treated with nephrectomy if the tumor siz e is small, opting for a conservative treatment. However, the preoperative diagnosis of this disease is extremely challenging. The present study describes a case of this rare disease, showing an ambiguous r...
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - November 11, 2020 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Comparison of electron microscopic findings and clinical presentation in three patients with mitochondrial cardiomyopathy caused by the mitochondrial DNA mutation m.3243A & gt; G
We presented three cases of mitochondrial cardiomyopathy with m.3243A > G mutation and compared the clinical manifestations with the histological findings for each of these cases. All cases showed cardiac hypertrophy, juvenile-onset diabetes mellitus, and hearing loss. Case 1 (43-year-old male) showed less cardiac involvement and shorter duration of mitochondrial dis ease-related symptoms than case 2 (67-year-old female) and case 3 (51-year-old male), who showed the most advanced cardiac condition and longest duration from the manifestation of heart failure. The histological findings revealed that cardiomyocytes f...
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - October 28, 2020 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
