The role of mineralocorticoids and glucocorticoids under the impact of 11 β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in human breast lesions
In this study, IDC-NST, ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH), and non-pathological breast tissues were all evaluated by immunohistochemistry. M R was significantly lower in ADH than in DCIS or IDC-NST. 11βHSD2 was significantly lower in ADH than normal breast tissue and 11βHSD1 was significantly higher in DCIS than normal, ADH, or IDC-NST. MR in progesterone receptor (PR)-positive IDC-NST cases tended to be associated with the Ki-67 label ing index. Results of the present study demonstrated that the status of MR and GR in conjunction with the 11βHSDs was correlated with the development of l...
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - February 1, 2022 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Fascin expression persists with fibronectin in embryonic rat hepatoblasts
In this study, embryonic rat livers were obtained to examine the expression of fascin and fibronectin during liver development. Then, the effect of fibronectin on fascin expression was investigated. At embryonic day (ED) 10.5, when the foregut endoderm began to form the liver bud and spread into the septum transversum, fibrous extracellular matrix was observed between the space where the liver bud and the septum transversum merged. At ED11.5, fibronectin was observed surrounding the cluster of fascin-positive hepatoblasts. At ED13.5, hematopoietic cells emerged and both fibronectin and fascin expression started to decline....
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - January 20, 2022 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Promising therapeutic targets of endometriosis obtained from microRNA studies
AbstractEndometriosis is a benign tumor that affect 6 –10% women of reproductive age. To date, it is suggested that the aberrant microRNA (miRNA) expressions play important roles in the pathogenesis of endometriosis. Reviewing the literature, we found nine overexpressed miRNAs, which were thoroughly investigated in the context of endometriotic tissue s and cells. Most of the overexpressed miRNAs induced endometriosis-specific characteristics including inhibition of apoptosis and decidualization, upregulation of fibrogenesis, invasion, migration, cell proliferation, attachment to extracellular matrix, inflammation, and an...
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - November 30, 2021 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Three-dimensional reconstruction by electron tomography for the application to ultrastructural analysis of SARS-CoV-2 particles
In this study, we establish the morphological structure of SARS-CoV-2 particles by three-dimensional reconstruction of images obtained by electron tomography and transmission electron microscopy of biological samples embedded in epoxy resin. The characteristic roots of spike structures were found to be arranged at the surface of a virion covered with an envelope. A high-electron-density structure that appears to be a nucleocapsid was observed inside the envelope of the virion on three-dimensional images reconstructed by electron tomography. The SARS-CoV-2 particles that budded in the vacuoles in the cytoplasm were morpholo...
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - November 26, 2021 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
MiR-98-3p regulates ovarian granulosa cell proliferation and apoptosis in polycystic ovary syndrome by targeting YY1
AbstractPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrinopathy related to female infertility. We investigated the function of the microRNA-98-3p (miR-98-3p)/Yin-Yang-1 (YY1) axis to the pathophysiological processes in PCOS mice. A mouse model of PCOS was established using dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA). Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining was used to assess morphologic changes of the ovaries. Hormonal serum levels were measured by ELISA. Estrogen synthesis in OGCs was measured using chemiluminescence immunoassay. The viability, cell cycle, and apoptosis of ovarian granulosa cells (OGCs) were assessed by CCK-8, flow cyt...
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - November 18, 2021 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Nicorandil, an ATP-sensitive potassium channel activation, attenuates myocardial injury in rats with ischemic cardiomyopathy
This study investigated the myocardial-protective effects of nicorandil on rats with ischemic cardiomyopathy. In the present study, ischemic cardiomyopathy rats model were used to evaluate the effects of nicorandil. Cardiac ultrasonography was employed to examine the changes of heart structure and heart function. Electron microscopy was employed to observe the changes of pathological ultrastructure of the myocardium. Western blot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were employed to detect protein levels and Mitochondrial Ca2+ concentration. The heart color ultrasound and myocardial pathology of the rats in the nicoran...
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - November 13, 2021 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
The concurrent stimulation of Wnt and FGF8 signaling induce differentiation of dental mesenchymal cells into odontoblast-like cells
In this study, we analyzed the effects of co-administration of FGF8 and a CHIR99021 (GSK3β inhibitor) on differentiation of dental mesenchymal cells into odontoblasts. Utilizing Cre-mediated EGFP reporter mice, dentin matrix protein 1 (Dmp1) expression was examined in mouse neonatal molar tooth germs. At birth, expression of Dmp1-EGFP was not found in mesenchymal cells but rather epithelial cells, after which Dmp1-positive cells gradually emerged in the mesenchymal area along with disappearance in the epithelial area. Primary cul tured mesenchymal cells from neonatal tooth germ specimens showed loss of Dmp1-EGFP positive ...
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - November 5, 2021 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Mitochonic acid-5 ameliorates chlorhexidine gluconate-induced peritoneal fibrosis in mice
AbstractPeritoneal fibrosis is a serious complication of long-term peritoneal dialysis, attributable to inflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction. Mitochonic acid-5 (MA-5), an indole-3-acetic acid derivative, improves mitochondrial dysfunction and has therapeutic potential against various diseases including kidney diseases. However, whether MA-5 is effective against peritoneal fibrosis remains unclear. Therefore, we investigated the effect of MA-5 using a peritoneal fibrosis mouse model. Peritoneal fibrosis was induced in C57BL/6 mice via intraperitoneal injection of chlorhexidine gluconate (CG) every other day for 3 we...
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - October 7, 2021 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Collagen deposition correlates with loss of E-cadherin and increased p63 expression in dysplastic conditions of oral submucous fibrosis
AbstractThis paper focuses on the status of epithelial markers, E-cadherin, and p63 in the backdrop of an abnormal amount of collagen in the sub-mucosa of dysplastic and non-dysplastic grades of OSF. Histologically confirmed OSF and normal oral mucosa samples were procured. Samples were stained by Van Gieson ’s stain (VG) and immunohistochemistry. The captured images were analyzed byImageJ software to quantify their grayscale intensities. There was a gradual increase in the intensity of VG stain from normal to non-dysplastic and dysplastic OSF and the differences in their mean grayscale values were found to be significan...
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - September 4, 2021 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Role of repressed microRNAs in endometriosis
AbstractEndometriosis is a common, estrogen-dependent benign tumor that affect 3 –10% women of reproductive age, and is characterized by the ectopic growth of endometrial tissue, which is found primarily in the rectovaginal septum, ovaries, and pelvic peritoneum. To date, accumulating evidence suggests that various epigenetic aberrations, including the expression of aberrant m icroRNAs (miRNAs), play definite roles in the pathogenesis of endometriosis. This review summarizes the recent findings on the aberrantly repressed miRNAs, as well as their potential roles regarding the pathogenesis of endometriosis. (Source: Medic...
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - August 31, 2021 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
High G protein subunit beta 4 protein level is correlated to poor prognosis of urothelial carcinoma
AbstractData mining on a public domain detected eight potential transcripts which were upregulated in advanced UBUCs, suggesting that they may take part in UC development or/and progression. Retrospectively, immunohistochemistry along withH-score recording was carried out to evaluate the GNB4 protein levels on tissues from UC patients. Correlations between GNB4H-score and imperative clinicopathological factors, as well as the implication of GNB4 protein level on disease-specific and metastasis-free survivals were assessed. In UTUCs (n = 340) and UBUCs (n = 295), 170 (50.0%) and 148 (50.0%) cases, respectively, were...
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - August 16, 2021 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Advanced extramedullary hematopoiesis with a marked increase in reticulin fibers and hemorrhage on various organs: the first autopsy case report
We report a case of a 68-year-old woman with myelofibrosis with a JAK2 mutation, showing extramedullary hematopoiesis (EMH) in various organs with a marked increase in reticulin fibers, and myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN)-related necrotizing crescent glomerulonephritis. She was admitted to our hospital owing to respiratory discomfort. Computed tomography revealed a mass in the anterior mediastinum. Ten days later, the patient died owing to respiratory distress. At autopsy, EMH were detected in the anterior mediastinum, heart, lung, spleen, and the kidney with a marked increase in reticulin fibers. We considered that resp...
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - August 15, 2021 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
A novel parotid carcinoma with a prominent ghost cell population: a masquerading tumor or “salivary ghost cell carcinoma”?
AbstractGhost cell is one of several unique cellular morphologies associated with aberrant keratinization. We encountered a novel parotid tumor containing numerous ghost cells and herein describe its histological features and discuss diagnostic problems. The patient was a 90-year-old Japanese male, who complained of swelling of the left parotid area for four months. Positron emission tomography indicated no cervical lymph node metastasis or distant metastasis. The tumor was successfully resected with no signs of recurrence or metastasis for six months after surgery. Histologically, the tumor was mainly composed of squamous...
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - August 14, 2021 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
A case of “ETV6-FISH-negative” secretory carcinoma of the parotid gland: immunohistochemical study
AbstractSecretory carcinoma of the salivary glands is a relatively new disease concept, and is characterized by “morphological resemblance to mammary secretory carcinoma andETV6 –NTRK3 gene fusion. ” Herein we describe a confusing case and briefly discuss practical diagnostic problems. The patient was a 71-year-old Japanese man who had a tumor consistent with secretory carcinoma at the microscopic and immunohistochemical levels. Immunohistochemically, EMA and S100 protein were noted to be po sitive along with various cytokeratins as well as mammaglobin and pSTAT5. Moreover, vimentin was focally positive. Smooth muscl...
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - August 9, 2021 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Increased integrity of cell –cell junctions accompanied by increased expression of claudin 4 in keratinocytes stimulated with vitamin D3
AbstractThe stratified squamous epithelium has a multilayer structure formed by the differentiation of the keratinized epithelium, which covers the skin and oral mucosa. The epithelium plays a central role in regulating the interactions between the immune system and pathogens. The tight junction (TJ) barrier, which is composed of adhesion molecules called claudins (CLDN), is critical for the homeostasis of the skin and oral mucosa. Furthermore, the crucial roles of vitamin D3 (VD3) in the pathogeneses of skin and oral mucosal disease have been suggested. The aim of this in vitro study was to observe the correlations betwee...
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - July 29, 2021 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
