Upregulation of complement C1q reflects mucosal regeneration in a mouse model of colitis
AbstractConfirming mucosal healing is important in inflammatory bowel disease treatment. Complement C1q-mediated Wnt signaling activation has recently been suggested to mediate tissue repair and mucosal regeneration. We investigated the involvement of complement C1q and Wnt signaling in intestinal mucosal regeneration using a murine colitis model. The colitis model was established by providing C57BL/6J mice with 4% dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) for 1 week (inflammation phase) followed by regular water for 2 weeks (recovery phase). After 3 weeks, we investigated the relationship between C1q in serum and colonic tissue du...
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - October 6, 2020 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Three-dimensional electron microscopy for endothelial glycocalyx observation using Alcian blue with silver enhancement
AbstractGlycocalyx (GCX) is a thin layer of negatively charged glycoproteins that covers the vascular endothelial surface and regulates various biological processes. Because of the delicate and fragile properties of this structure, it is difficult to detect GCX morphologically. We established a simple method for a three-dimensional visualization of endothelial GCX using low-vacuum scanning electron microscopy (LVSEM) on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) sections. Mouse kidney tissue was fixed with 10% buffered formalin containing 1% Alcian blue (ALB) via perfusion and immersion. FFPE sections were observed by light m...
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - October 5, 2020 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Aberrant expression of DUSP4 is a specific phenomenon in betel quid-related oral cancer
AbstractOral cancer due to betel quid chewing habit is very common in South Asian countries. We attempted to detect the presence of a novel gene in epithelial cells stimulated with arecoline, a main component of betel quid. Human gingival epithelial progenitors were cultured and treated with a 3-day alternating regimen with/without 50 μg/ml arecoline for 1 month. DNA microarray and methylation arrays were analyzed to identify the candidate genes. Immunohistochemical staining was performed in the tissue samples. Genome-wide analyses, quantitative reverse transcription PCR and quantitative methylation-specific PCR reveal...
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - September 19, 2020 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Keratinocytes from Gorlin Syndrome-induced pluripotent stem cells are resistant against UV radiation
AbstractGorlin syndrome (GS) is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder involvingPatched 1 (PTCH1) mutations. The PTCH1 is a receptor as well as an inhibitor of hedgehog (Hh) to sequester downstream Hh pathway molecules called Smoothened (SMO).PTCH1 mutations causes a variety of GS conditions including falx calcification, odontogenic keratocytes and basal cell carcinomas (BCC). BecausePTCH1 is a major driver gene of sporadic BCC, GS patients are characteristically prone to BCC. In order to elucidate the pathological mechanism of BCC-prone GS patients, we investigated keratinocytes derived from GS patient specific iPS cells ...
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - August 19, 2020 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Variants in taste genes on caries risk and caries activity status
This study shows that theCA6 rs17032907 gene variant may be a risk factor for dental caries affecting caries activity. Clinical Trials ID: NCT04066101. (Source: Medical Molecular Morphology)
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - August 6, 2020 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Epithelial –myoepithelial carcinoma ex-pleomorphic adenoma of the parotid gland: report of a rare case with immunohistochemical and genetic analyses
We examined one additional case of EMCa ex-PA, immunohistochemically and genetically. The patient was an 83-year-old female , who suffered from swelling of the right parotid region. Histologically, the tumor contained a hyalinized nodule, which displayed elastosis. The main tumor exhibited a bi-layered structure, involving inner ductal cells and clear outer myoepithelial cells. Immunostaining indicated that the inner cel ls were positive for epithelial membrane antigen, whereas the outer cells were positive for p40. On the genetic level, the carcinoma harbored noHRAS gene mutations, whereas fluorescence in situ hybridizati...
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - August 3, 2020 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
PD-L1 expression in tongue squamous cell carcinoma
ConclusionsThese data indicate that PD-L1 upregulation in tongue SCCs is associated with a more advanced stage and shorter disease-free survival. PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors might hence constitute potential adjuvant therapy for tongue SCCs with PD-L1 upregulation. (Source: Medical Molecular Morphology)
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - July 21, 2020 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Role of tubulin acetylation in cellular functions and diseases
AbstractAcetylation is a well-studied post-translational modification (PTM) of tubulin. Acetylated tubulin is present in the centrioles, primary cilia, and flagella, which contain long-lived stable microtubules. Tubulin acetylation plays an important role in cellular activities including cell polarity, cell migration, vesicle transport, and cell development. Cryo-electron microscopy reconstructions have revealed conformational changes in acetylated tubulin, revealing a reduction in intermonomer interactions among tubulins and an increase in microtubule elasticity. The kinetics of conformational changes in acetylated tubuli...
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - July 5, 2020 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Type 4B hereditary hemochromatosis due to heterozygous p.D157A mutation in SLC40A1 complicated with hypopituitarism
We present here a case of type 4 hereditary hemochromatosis due to heterozygous mutation inSLC40A1 gene (p.D157A).SLC40A1 encodes ferroportin, a macromolecule only known as iron exporter from mammalian cells. He first presented symptoms correlated with hypopituitarism. Furthermore, marked hyperferritinemia and high transferrin saturation were revealed in combination with the findings of iron overload in the liver, spleen and pituitary gland by computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. Liver biopsy revealed iron deposition in both hepatocytes and Kupffer cells.SLC40A1 mutations are considered to cause wide heterog...
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - June 29, 2020 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Trehalose alleviates oxidative stress-mediated liver injury and Mallor-Denk body formation via activating autophagy in mice
We examined the effect of trehalose on autophagy, ER stress and oxidative stress-mediated cytotoxicity and MDB formation in hepatocytes using mice model with 3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydrocollidine (DDC) treatment for 3 months. We administered trehalose by intraperitoneal injection of water containing 10% trehalose (0.02 mg/g body weight) every other day for 3 months. Our results demonstrated that trehalose induced autophagy and reduced ER stress, oxidative stress, MDB formation and apoptosis in hepatocytes of DDC-fed mice by Western blotting and immunostaining analyses. Electron microscopy revealed that trehalose in...
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - June 24, 2020 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Morphological and functional abnormalities of hippocampus in APC 1638T/1638T mice
AbstractIn the present study, we examined morphology and function of hippocampus in theAPC1638T/1638T mouse. Expression levels of theAPC mRNA and protein were both identical in the hippocampus of theAPC+/+ andAPC1638T/1638T mice. The dentate gyrus of theAPC1638T/1638T hippocampus was thicker, and has more densely-populated granule cells in theAPC1638T/1638T mouse hippocampus. Immunoelectron microscopy revealed co-localization of APC with alpha-amino-3- hydroxy-5-methyl- isoxazole-4-propionate receptor (AMPA-R) and with PSD-95 at post-synapse in theAPC+/+ hippocampus, while APC1638T was co-localized with neither AMPA-R nor ...
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - June 21, 2020 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Usefulness of immunohistochemistry to distinguish between secretory carcinoma and acinic cell carcinoma in the salivary gland
AbstractSecretory carcinoma (SC) of the salivary gland is a relatively newly described disease, separate from acinic cell carcinoma (ACC), which frequently displays ETV6-NTRK3 gene fusion. However, the differences between SC and ACC remain unclear. Here, histological reevaluation of 12 formerly diagnosed ACC cases was performed, which yielded a new diagnosis of SC in four cases due to a lack of obvious acinar-like cells. Immunohistochemically, phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 (p-STAT5) was expressed in SC but not in ACC, whereas discovered on GIST-1 (DOG1) was expressed in ACC but not in SC...
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - May 31, 2020 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Differences in autoimmune hepatitis based on inflammation localization
AbstractHistopathology is essential for the diagnosis and evaluation of disease activity of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). We aimed to elucidate the characteristics of AIH from the localization of inflammation. We re-evaluated a nationwide survey that was performed in Japan in 2018 of AIH patients diagnosed between 2014 and 2017. A total of 303 patients were enrolled, and the clinical and treatment characteristics were compared between the patients with predominantly portal inflammation (230 patients) or lobular inflammation (73 patients). AIH patients with lobular inflammation had a higher probability of being diagnosed with...
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - May 14, 2020 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Less correlation between mismatch repair proteins deficiency and decreased expression of HLA class I molecules in endometrial carcinoma: a different propensity from colorectal cancer
In this study, EC patients being treated in our hospital were recruited from 2005 to 2009 and observed until December 2017. Lesion specimens were evaluated via immunohistochemistry for MSH6 and PMS2 (mismatch repair proteins) and HLA class I molecules. Expression of these molecules was statistically related to clinical and pathological factors and prognosis. dMMR was detected in 33 patients and did not correlate with the expression level of HLA class I molecules (P = 0.60). On the other hand, unexpectedly, multivariate analysis revealed that intact expression of HLA class I molecules was associated with p53 overexpress...
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - May 13, 2020 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Correction to: Cavin-1 is linked to lipid droplet formation in human hepatic stellate cells
In the original publication, the part figures (e, f) of Fig. 2 were wrongly cited as “g, h” in the text and in Fig. 2 caption. (Source: Medical Molecular Morphology)
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - May 12, 2020 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
