Pathological and molecular analyses of atherosclerotic lesions in ApoE -knockout mice
AbstractThe establishment of consistent and reliable methods for the analysis of atherosclerosis molecular pathways and for testing the efficiency of new therapeutics is of utmost importance. Here, we fedApoE-knockout (KO) mice with high-fat diet to for 16 Â weeks to induce atherosclerosis. Atherosclerotic lesions in mice were methodically investigated using pathologic analyses and molecular biology tools. These lesions were histopathologically classified into three categories: early, progressive, and combined lesions. Immunohistochemical analyses sho wed that both F4/80 (macrophage marker) and tenascin-C are expressed in ...
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - February 27, 2017 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
A disturbance of intestinal epithelial cell population and kinetics in APC1638T mice
AbstractThe adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) is a multifunctional protein as well as a tumor suppressor. To determine the functions of the C-terminal domain of APC, we exploredAPC1638T/1638T (APC1638T) mice that express a truncated APC lacking the C-terminal domain. The APC1638T mice were tumor free and exhibited growth retardation. In the present study, we compared small intestinal crypt-villus cells homeostasis inAPC+/+ (WT) mice and APC1638T mice. The body weight of APC1638T mice was significantly smaller than that of WT mice at all ages. The length of small intestine of APC1638T mice was significantly shorter than that...
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - January 8, 2017 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Differential expression of the epithelial mesenchymal transition factors Snail, Slug, Twist, TGF- β, and E-cadherin in ameloblastoma
AbstractEpithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT), the transition of epithelial cells into motile mesenchymal cells, plays an important role in embryogenesis, cancer invasion, and metastasis. Ameloblastomas are common epithelial odontogenic tumors, occurring exclusively in the mandible with locally invasive growth. Thirty-seven ameloblastoma cases were evaluated for the involvement of EMT by immunohistochemical staining and western blotting using antibodies against Slug, Snail, Twist, TGF- β, and E-cadherin. Double immunostaining was also performed. Slug and TGF-β were expressed in the nuclei of peripheral and stellate ret...
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - December 18, 2016 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
miR-106a suppresses tumor cells death in colorectal cancer through targeting ATG7
In this study, we found that ATG7 and miR-106a expression were mutually related with cell death and prognosis in CRC patients. In addition, we also showed that ATG7 and miR-106a expression were changeable in colorectal cancer cell lines when compared with normal cell lines, but ATG7 and miR-106a mRNA level was negatively correlated. Furthermore, ATG7 protein and mRNA levels decreased after over-expression of miR-106a, whereas the suppression of ATG7 had the opposite effect. We confirmed that miR-106a down-regulated ATG7 mRNA level by binding the specific sequence of ATG7 mRNA 3 ′UTR region. Moreover, the over-expression ...
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - December 14, 2016 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Expression and localization of forkhead box protein FOXJ1 in S100 β-positive multiciliated cells of the rat pituitary
AbstractS100 β-positive cells exist in the marginal cell layer (MCL) of the adenohypophysis and follicle structure in the parenchyma of anterior lobe (ALFS) in pituitary. They have multiple functions as phagocytes or cells that regulate hormone secretion. Majority of S100β-positive cells in the adenohypophysis express sex determining region Y-box 2 protein (SOX2), a stem cell marker; therefore, S100β/SOX2 double positive cells are also considered as one type of stem/progenitor cells. MCL and ALFS are consisting of morphologically two types of cells, i.e., multiciliated cells and non-ciliated cells. Howe ver, the relatio...
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - September 21, 2016 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Chondroitin sulfate prevents peritoneal fibrosis in mice by suppressing NF- κB activation
We examined the effect of CS on the peritoneal fibrosis induced by chlorhexidine gluconate (CG) in mice. CS or water was administered daily. We divided mice into four groups: administered vehicle and water (control); administered vehicle and CS (CS); administered CG and water (CG); and administ ered CG and CS (CG+CS). Morphologic changes were assessed by Masson’s trichrome staining. Inflammation- and fibrosis-associated factors were assessed by immunohistochemistry. Activation of NF-κB was examined by southwestern histochemistry. CS administration suppressed the progression of submesoth elial thickening. The numbers of ...
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - August 20, 2016 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
CEACAM1 is overexpressed in oral tumors and related to tumorigenesis
< h3 class= " a-plus-plus " > Abstract < /h3 > < p class= " a-plus-plus " > Carcinoembryonic antigen-related adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM1) is a type 1 transmembrane glycoprotein belonging to the CEA family, which has been known to exist as either soluble forms in body fluids or membrane-bound forms on the cell surface. Aberrant CEACAM1 expression is associated with tumorigenesis and has been reported in a variety of human tumors, especially malignancies. The aim of this study is to determine the expression of CEACAM1 in oral tumors, trying to study CEACAM1 different expressions as a function of histotype. CEACAM1 expressio...
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - July 26, 2016 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
A mechanistic link between renal ischemia and fibrosis
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is characterized by tubular cell atrophy and accumulation of extracellular matrix. Fibroblast activation becomes evident in areas surrounding atrophic tubules, with rarefaction of peritubular capillaries. Tubulointerstitial hypoxia is the final common pathway in progressive kidney disease. Hypoxia suppresses tubular epithelial growth and leads to failure of remodeling by facilitating dedifferentiation and apoptosis. Profibrotic factors such as transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) mediate fibroblast activation, and recruited leukocytes, which appear in hypoxic areas, contribute to...
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - July 19, 2016 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Immunohistochemical analysis of IgA expression differentiates IgG4-related disease from plasma cell-type Castleman disease
In conclusion, our findings indicate that in cases where serum analysis-based data are unavailable, anti-IgA immunostaining can be used for differential diagnosis of IgG4-RD. (Source: Medical Molecular Morphology)
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - July 19, 2016 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Adult bile duct strictures: differentiating benign biliary stenosis from cholangiocarcinoma
Abstract
Biliary epithelial cells preferentially respond to various insults under chronic pathological conditions leading to reactively atypical changes, hyperplasia, or the development of biliary neoplasms (such as biliary intraepithelial neoplasia, intraductal papillary neoplasm of the bile duct, and cholangiocarcinoma). Moreover, benign biliary strictures can be caused by a variety of disorders (such as IgG4-related sclerosing cholangitis, eosinophilic cholangitis, and follicular cholangitis) and often mimic malignancies, despite their benign nature. In addition, primary sclerosing cholangitis is a wel...
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - June 26, 2016 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Influence of XRCC4 expression in esophageal cancer cells  on the response to radiotherapy
We examined 92 patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ECSS) who were treated by radiotherapy between 1999 and 2008. Immunohistochemical examination of tumor tissue for Ki-67 and DSB-related proteins, including XRCC4, Ku86, and DNA-PKcs, was performed using pretreatment biopsy specimens. Low expression of XRCC4 was detected in 31 of 92 examined samples (33.7 Â %). The 5-year overall survival (OS) rate was 67.7Â % in the low expression group and 31.0Â % in the high expression group ( < em class= " a-plus-plus " > P < /em > Â =Â 0.00). Multivariate analysis confirmed that advanced T-stage (HR 3.24, < em class= " a-...
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - June 22, 2016 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Influence of XRCC4 expression in esophageal cancer cells on the response to radiotherapy
We examined 92 patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ECSS) who were treated by radiotherapy between 1999 and 2008. Immunohistochemical examination of tumor tissue for Ki-67 and DSB-related proteins, including XRCC4, Ku86, and DNA-PKcs, was performed using pretreatment biopsy specimens. Low expression of XRCC4 was detected in 31 of 92 examined samples (33.7Â %). The 5-year overall survival (OS) rate was 67.7Â % in the low expression group and 31.0Â % in the high expression group (PÂ =Â 0.00). Multivariate analysis confirmed that advanced T-stage (HR 3.24, PÂ =Â 0.01), radiation dose less than 66Â Gy (HR 2.23, PÂ...
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - June 22, 2016 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Upregulation of TGF- β1 and basic FGF in elastofibroma: an immunohistochemical analysis
< h3 class= " a-plus-plus " > Abstract < /h3 > < p class= " a-plus-plus " > Elastofibroma is a rare tumour that occurs in the subscapular space, and it typically presents in middle-aged and older individuals. The aetiology of elastofibroma remains unknown. Recent, sporadic reports have shown, immunohistologically, that fibroblasts in elastofibroma may produce abnormal elastic and collagen fibres through the action of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF- β), a factor that promotes fibroblast proliferation. However, that finding lacked quantitative measurements and controls. Therefore, in this study, we performed quantitat...
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - May 31, 2016 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Correlation of intratumoral lymphatic microvessel density, vascular endothelial growth factor C and cell proliferation in salivary gland tumors
Abstract
Lymphatic dissemination is one of the most important pathways for metastasis in many solid tumors, including head and neck carcinomas. The lymphatic growth of cancer has been used as a significant independent adverse prognostic factor and provides information about tumor progression. Salivary gland tumors present different prognoses and have the ability to develop metastases; however, this information regarding the lymphatic spread is scarce. This paper quantifies the lymphatic microvessel density (LMD) in benign and malignant salivary gland tumors and analyzes the relationship between LMD and tu...
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - May 25, 2016 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
Alterations of collagen-producing cells in human pituitary adenomas
Abstract
Extracellular matrix (ECM) is essential in tissue physiology and pathologic conditions such as tumorigenesis. ECM affects tumor cell behavior, proliferation, and metastasis. Pituitary adenomas vary in their clinical characteristics, including ECM deposition. However, the mechanism of desmoplasia in pituitary adenoma is not well understood. The present study focused on the principal component of ECM, collagen, and attempted to characterize collagen-producing cells in pituitary adenomas. Specimens of human pituitary adenomas and control pituitary were obtained during surgery. In situ hybridization ...
Source: Medical Molecular Morphology - April 27, 2016 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research
