Case report on postmortem fentanyl measurement after overdose with more than 67 fentanyl patches
ConclusionWe were able to confirm the expected cause of death with an extensive toxicological screening in combination with the circumstantial evidence. We identified fentanyl as most important cause for the fatal outcome in this specific case and simultaneously contributed to the limited availability of knowledge on postmortem fentanyl concentrations. (Source: Forensic Toxicology)
Source: Forensic Toxicology - October 6, 2021 Category: Forensic Medicine Source Type: research
Determination of new psychoactive substances and other drugs in postmortem blood and urine by UHPLC –MS/MS: method validation and analysis of forensic samples
ConclusionsThe validated method was shown to be suitable for the analysis of blood and urine forensic samples and an important tool to collect information on emerging drug threats and understanding the impact of NPS and other drugs in poisoning cases. (Source: Forensic Toxicology)
Source: Forensic Toxicology - October 5, 2021 Category: Forensic Medicine Source Type: research
First description of elevated high-sensitivity troponin I for pufferfish poisoning: a case report
(Source: Forensic Toxicology)
Source: Forensic Toxicology - September 21, 2021 Category: Forensic Medicine Source Type: research
A fatal case involved in pyrethroid insecticide ingestion: quantification of tetramethrin and resmethrin in body fluids of a deceased by LC –MS/MS
ConclusionsTo our knowledge, this is the first report for quantification of unchanged tetramethrin and resmethrin in human specimens obtained in a fatal case. (Source: Forensic Toxicology)
Source: Forensic Toxicology - September 16, 2021 Category: Forensic Medicine Source Type: research
Identification and structural characterization of three psychoactive substances, phenylpiperazines (pBPP and 3,4-CFPP) and a cocaine analogue (troparil), in collected samples
ConclusionsTo the best of our knowledge, this is the first report that presents an identification methodology for these substances found in illegal products. Comprehensive characterization of the NPSs presented in this paper facilitates their detection and identification by forensic and clinical laboratories. (Source: Forensic Toxicology)
Source: Forensic Toxicology - September 14, 2021 Category: Forensic Medicine Source Type: research
Human and rat microsomal metabolites of N-tert-butoxycarbonylmethamphetamine and its urinary metabolites in rat
ConclusionHydroxylation, carbonylation andN-demethylation were proposed as metabolic pathways. However, BocMA and phase I metabolites were hardly detected in urine. This study provides useful information to interpret the possibility of BocMA intake as the cause of MA detection in biological sample. (Source: Forensic Toxicology)
Source: Forensic Toxicology - August 24, 2021 Category: Forensic Medicine Source Type: research
Alternative matrices in forensic toxicology: a critical review
ConclusionsAlternative biological fluids are important specimens in forensic toxicology. These matrices have been increasingly reported over the years, and this dynamic will probably continue in the future, especially considering their inherent advantages and the possibility to be used when blood or urine are unavailable. However, one should be aware that these matrices have limitations and particular properties, and the findings obtained from the analysis of these specimens may vary according to the type of matrix. As a potential perspective in forensic toxicology, the topic of alternative matrices will be continuously ...
Source: Forensic Toxicology - August 19, 2021 Category: Forensic Medicine Source Type: research
Ropinirole involved in a fatal case: blood and urinary concentrations
ConclusionsThere were no obvious signs of overdose, and the high cardiac/peripheral blood ratio suggested that postmortem redistribution may have occurred, but the peripheral blood ropinirole concentration (100 ng/mL) was obviously higher than that reported in the previous fatal case of ropinirole poisoning (64 ng/mL). Based on these results, the cause of death in this case was considered to be shock and fatal arrhythmia due to ropinirole poisoning. Th is case provides important data on postmortem blood and urinary levels of ropinirole poisoning. (Source: Forensic Toxicology)
Source: Forensic Toxicology - August 14, 2021 Category: Forensic Medicine Source Type: research
A case of fatal multidrug intoxication involving flualprazolam: distribution in body fluids and solid tissues
ConclusionsOur results support that highly potent DBZDs like flualprazolam carry an elevated risk for unintended toxicity, especially in association with other CNS depressants. A multidisciplinary evaluation of fatalities remains mandatory, especially when pharmacological/toxicological data on intoxicating compounds are lacking. To our knowledge this is the first report of flualprazolam concentrations in solid tissues in human. (Source: Forensic Toxicology)
Source: Forensic Toxicology - August 11, 2021 Category: Forensic Medicine Source Type: research
Distribution profiles of diphenhydramine and lidocaine in scalp, axillary, and pubic hairs measured by micro-segmental hair analysis: good indicator for discrimination between administration and external contamination of the drugs
ConclusionsMicro-segmental analysis revealed differences in the distribution profiles of drugs in hairs, and distinguished hairs with and without external contamination. These findings will be useful for understanding of the mechanism of drug uptake into hair and for estimating the circumstances for a drug use. (Source: Forensic Toxicology)
Source: Forensic Toxicology - July 31, 2021 Category: Forensic Medicine Source Type: research
Neurotoxicity of silver nanoparticles in the animal brain: a systematic review and meta-analysis
ConclusionAgNPs can enter the brain with a long half-life and it can cause neuronal death after entering the brain. AgNPs can manifest proinflammatory cascades in the CNS and BBB. Some toxic effects were detected in the cerebral cortex, hypothalamus, hippocampus and others. Studies have shown that inflammation and increased oxidative stress lead to apoptosis, the main mechanism of AgNPs neurotoxicity, which can be caused by an increase in silver ions from AgNPs. (Source: Forensic Toxicology)
Source: Forensic Toxicology - July 29, 2021 Category: Forensic Medicine Source Type: research
Thin-layer chromatography on silver nitrate-impregnated silica gel for analysis of homemade tetrahydrocannabinol mixtures
ConclusionAgNO3-silica gel TLC shows high separation ability between THC isomers and among ∆9-THC, ∆8-THC, and CBD. It will thus be useful for analyzing homemade THC mixtures. (Source: Forensic Toxicology)
Source: Forensic Toxicology - July 26, 2021 Category: Forensic Medicine Source Type: research
Ethyl glucuronide and ethyl sulfate: a review of their roles in forensic toxicology analysis of alcohol postmortem
ConclusionsMatrix effects can be a substantial challenge in analytical methods based on LC –MS because they directly affect the ionization of analytes. However, these problems can be avoided due to the high cutoff values used to identify positive results for these ethanol biomarkers, which are often above 0.1–1 mg/L, and using internal standards. Research on using tissue specimens is recommended as most of the reported results on this type of specimen were promising. (Source: Forensic Toxicology)
Source: Forensic Toxicology - July 19, 2021 Category: Forensic Medicine Source Type: research
Fatal intoxication with U-47700 in combination with other NPS (N-ethylhexedrone, adinazolam, 4-CIC, 4-CMC) confirmed by identification and quantification in autopsy specimens and evidences
ConclusionsThe described case of fatal intoxication with NPS presented postmortem concentrations of U-47700, 4-CMC,N-ethylhexedrone, adinazolam and 4-CIC for the first time in the literature. The paper also showed stability study of these substances stored at + 4 °C for 775 days. (Source: Forensic Toxicology)
Source: Forensic Toxicology - June 22, 2021 Category: Forensic Medicine Source Type: research
The standard addition method and its validation in forensic toxicology
ConclusionsTo our knowledge, this is the first presentation of detailed SAM procedure and its validation, which will facilitate the use of the SAM in forensic toxicology. Especially for its validation, new simple methods have been proposed. (Source: Forensic Toxicology)
Source: Forensic Toxicology - June 4, 2021 Category: Forensic Medicine Source Type: research
