Cryptomarket drug acquisition leading to furanyl fentanyl overdose
(Source: Forensic Toxicology)
Source: Forensic Toxicology - July 1, 2018 Category: Forensic Medicine Source Type: research
Differentiation of AB-FUBINACA and its five positional isomers using liquid chromatography –electrospray ionization-linear ion trap mass spectrometry and triple quadrupole mass spectrometry
ConclusionsThe present LC –MS methodologies were useful for the differentiation of a series of AB-FUBINACA positional isomers. (Source: Forensic Toxicology)
Source: Forensic Toxicology - July 1, 2018 Category: Forensic Medicine Source Type: research
Metabolism of α-PHP and α-PHPP in humans and the effects of alkyl chain lengths on the metabolism of α-pyrrolidinophenone-type designer drugs
This study aims to investigate the urinary metabolites of two common α-pyrrolidinophenones (PPs), α-pyrrolidinohexiophenone (α-PHP) and α-pyrrolidinoheptanophenone (α-PHPP). This report also aims to discuss the effects of alkyl chain lengths on the metabolism of PPs.MethodsUrinary metabolites of α-PHP and α-PHPP have been investigated by analyzing urine samples from their users (n = 13 each) by liquid chromatography–high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry using reference standards of the metabolites synthesized in our laboratory.Results and conclusionsFor both drugs, metabolites via reduction of the keto moie...
Source: Forensic Toxicology - July 1, 2018 Category: Forensic Medicine Source Type: research
Reporting the novel synthetic cathinone 5-PPDI through its analytical characterization by mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance
ConclusionsThe analytical data provided in this work will be useful for the identification of 5-PPDI by forensic laboratories. In addition, the origin of this cathinone has been investigated, which could be of interest for the identification of future synthetic cathinones prepared following the similar synthesis route. (Source: Forensic Toxicology)
Source: Forensic Toxicology - July 1, 2018 Category: Forensic Medicine Source Type: research
Sensitive quantification of 5F-NNEI and characterization of its several metabolites in authentic urine and/or serum specimens obtained from three individuals by LC –QTRAP-MS/MS and high-resolution LC–Orbitrap-MS/MS
ConclusionsA synthetic cannabinoid, 5F-NNEI, was identified and quantified in its unchanged form, and its several metabolites were tentatively identified in authentic specimens obtained from three individuals, for the first time to our knowledge. (Source: Forensic Toxicology)
Source: Forensic Toxicology - June 4, 2018 Category: Forensic Medicine Source Type: research
Use of hepatocytes isolated from a liver-humanized mouse for studies on the metabolism of drugs: application to the metabolism of fentanyl and acetylfentanyl
ConclusionsOur results indicated that PXB-cells have high activities of phase I and phase II drug-metabolizing-enzymes, can be stably supplied, and are easy to use; thus, PXB-cells are highly useful for the prediction of the in vivo metabolism of drugs of abuse. (Source: Forensic Toxicology)
Source: Forensic Toxicology - June 4, 2018 Category: Forensic Medicine Source Type: research
Blood concentrations of a new psychoactive substance 4-chloromethcathinone (4-CMC) determined in 15 forensic cases
ConclusionsOur study can assist in the recognition of the possible effects caused by 4-CMC and can be helpful during the preparation of forensic toxicological opinions for courts of law. The validation parameters indicate the sensitivity and accuracy of the method. This is the first work presenting a validated method for the determination of 4-CMC in blood samples by GC –MS. (Source: Forensic Toxicology)
Source: Forensic Toxicology - May 28, 2018 Category: Forensic Medicine Source Type: research
Metabolism of α-PHP and α-PHPP in humans and the effects of alkyl chain lengths on the metabolism of α-pyrrolidinophenone-type designer drugs
This study aims to investigate the urinary metabolites of two common α-pyrrolidinophenones (PPs), α-pyrrolidinohexiophenone (α-PHP) and α-pyrrolidinoheptanophenone (α-PHPP). This report also aims to discuss the effects of alkyl chain lengths on the metabolism of PPs.MethodsUrinary metabolites of α-PHP and α-PHPP have been investigated by analyzing urine samples from their users (n = 13 each) by liquid chromatography–high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry using reference standards of the metabolites synthesized in our laboratory.Results and conclusionsFor both drugs, metabolites via reduction of the keto moie...
Source: Forensic Toxicology - May 28, 2018 Category: Forensic Medicine Source Type: research
In vitro metabolism of synthetic cannabinoid AM1220 by human liver microsomes and Cunninghamella elegans using liquid chromatography coupled with high resolution mass spectrometry
ConclusionsThree most abundant metabolites in both human liver microsomes andCunninghamella elegans were desmethyl, dihydrodiol and hydroxy metabolites, despite different isomers of dihydrodiol and hydroxy metabolites in each model. These abundant metabolites can potentially be useful markers in urinalysis for AM1220 intake. (Source: Forensic Toxicology)
Source: Forensic Toxicology - May 24, 2018 Category: Forensic Medicine Source Type: research
Murders with VX: Aum Shinrikyo in Japan and the assassination of Kim Jong-Nam in Malaysia
(Source: Forensic Toxicology)
Source: Forensic Toxicology - May 21, 2018 Category: Forensic Medicine Source Type: research
The internal standard diquat- d 4 causes errors in diquat analysis by LC –MS/MS
ConclusionsThe stable isotopes DQ-d8 and PQ-d6 allowed for accurate and precise quantification. Especially for analysis of DQ, the use of DQ-d8 could completely prevent errors caused by using DQ-d4. Therefore, the proposed method would be of great use in criminal investigations and emergency medicine. (Source: Forensic Toxicology)
Source: Forensic Toxicology - May 14, 2018 Category: Forensic Medicine Source Type: research
Long-term stability of synthetic cathinones in dried blood spots and whole blood samples: a comparative study
ConclusionsDBS proved, therefore, to be an useful alternative technique to store blood samples. Extraction of DBS is easy and analytes remain stable for much longer periods. (Source: Forensic Toxicology)
Source: Forensic Toxicology - May 9, 2018 Category: Forensic Medicine Source Type: research
Reporting the novel synthetic cathinone 5-PPDI through its analytical characterization by mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance
ConclusionsThe analytical data provided in this work will be useful for the identification of 5-PPDI by forensic laboratories. In addition, the origin of this cathinone has been investigated, which could be of interest for the identification of future synthetic cathinones prepared following the similar synthesis route. (Source: Forensic Toxicology)
Source: Forensic Toxicology - May 9, 2018 Category: Forensic Medicine Source Type: research
Application of the QuEChERS procedure for analysis of Δ 9 -tetrahydrocannabinol and its metabolites in authentic whole blood samples by GC–MS/MS
ConclusionsThe application of QuEChERS extraction described herein is a simple and convenient method for the routine analysis of THC, 11-OH-THC and 11-COOH-THC in whole blood samples from living and deceased humans. To our knowledge, this paper is the first academic report describing the QuEChERS extraction of THC and its metabolites from whole blood specimens. (Source: Forensic Toxicology)
Source: Forensic Toxicology - May 7, 2018 Category: Forensic Medicine Source Type: research
Diphenidine: a dissociative NPS makes an entrance on the drug scene
ConclusionsDiphenidine is a harmful dissociative drug that recently gained serious concern for public health. International and local authorities should take all the appropriate actions and measures to avoid the expansion of this new threat. (Source: Forensic Toxicology)
Source: Forensic Toxicology - May 3, 2018 Category: Forensic Medicine Source Type: research
