Mass spectrometric characterization of carfentanil metabolism in human, dog, and rat lung microsomes via comparison to chemically synthesized metabolite standards
ConclusionsThe pulmonary clearance in human lung microsomes was lower than the previously reported hepatic metabolism suggesting organ specific metabolic rates. The contribution of multiple cytochrome P450 enzymes to human, dog, and rat pulmonary microsomal carfentanil biotransformation varied between species. The identified metabolites may provide useful markers for possible forensic and clinical determination of the mode of ingestion but the use of dog and rat animal models was not indicated. To our knowledge, this is the first reported use of chemically synthesized reference standards for the unequivocal identification ...
Source: Forensic Toxicology - January 20, 2020 Category: Forensic Medicine Source Type: research
Simple and straightforward analysis of cannabinoids in medicinal products by fast-GC –FID
(Source: Forensic Toxicology)
Source: Forensic Toxicology - January 19, 2020 Category: Forensic Medicine Source Type: research
Commentary on the article of Wang H, Li J, Huang Z, Wang F, Zhang Y, Chang J, Rao Y (2020) Assessment of the role played by n -propanol in distinction of ethanol source in postmortem blood with the assistance of ethyl glucuronide and ethyl sulfate. Forensic Toxicol 38:195 –202. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11419-019-00507-9
(Source: Forensic Toxicology)
Source: Forensic Toxicology - January 12, 2020 Category: Forensic Medicine Source Type: research
Evaluation of 4-fluoroisobutyrylfentanyl in blood samples from 247 authentic cases submitted to the New York City Office of Chief Medical Examiner in 2017 –2018
ConclusionsThe development of a quantitative method for FIBF has been beneficial at the OCME due to the significant number of positive cases reported and the current lack of sufficient published information on this analog. To our knowledge, there are only two papers that include FIBF concentrations in four cases; this article gives the largest number (247 cases) of FIBF levels in blood samples of its users to aid in the interpretation and analysis of significance of this compound. (Source: Forensic Toxicology)
Source: Forensic Toxicology - January 10, 2020 Category: Forensic Medicine Source Type: research
A chasing dead-end case report: a fatal lead intoxication following an attempted homicide
ConclusionsBased on this fatal lead intoxication case, it appears that BBB leakage is a major pathological sign of lead encephalopathy and that lead titration in formalin-fixed brain tissue is a valuable tool for diagnosis. (Source: Forensic Toxicology)
Source: Forensic Toxicology - January 9, 2020 Category: Forensic Medicine Source Type: research
Furanylfentanyl in whole blood measured by GC –MS/MS after QuEChERS extraction in a fatal case
ConclusionsThe present paper describes a fatal case of Fu-F overdose. The described analytical method involving QuEChERS sample preparation procedure followed by multiple reaction monitoring of GC –MS/MS was very convenient to find the presence of Fu-F in postmortem whole blood samples and to establish its concentration. The known circumstances of death in combination with the obtained analytical data indicated that the deceased young male probably got fatally poisoned by Fu-F. The high con centration of Fu-F (11.2 ng/mL) in his postmortem whole blood sample was several times higher than that described in the forensic l...
Source: Forensic Toxicology - January 6, 2020 Category: Forensic Medicine Source Type: research
Phosgene in deteriorated chloroform: presumptive cause of production of 3,4-dimethyl-5-phenyl-2-oxazolidones in methamphetamine
ConclusionsThe experimental results indicated that DPOs were produced by the reaction of ephedrines with deteriorated chloroform containing phosgene and that the reaction proceeds regardless of chemical forms, even at room temperature. DPOs are useful markers of contact between ephedrines and deteriorated chloroform. (Source: Forensic Toxicology)
Source: Forensic Toxicology - January 2, 2020 Category: Forensic Medicine Source Type: research
Development and validation of a GC –MS/MS method for the determination of 11 amphetamines and 34 synthetic cathinones in whole blood
ConclusionsTo the best of our knowledge, this is the first work presenting a GC –MS/MS method for the determination of NPS in blood samples. The presented procedure was applied to authentic samples from forensic cases, demonstrating its utility in the quantification of a wide number of psychoactive substances in routine toxicological analyses. The developed procedure can also be easily expanded to additional compounds. (Source: Forensic Toxicology)
Source: Forensic Toxicology - December 31, 2019 Category: Forensic Medicine Source Type: research
Determination of free G-type nerve agents in blood: in situ derivatization on a dried blood spot (DBS) paper followed by LC –MS/MS analysis
ConclusionsThis method is simple and unique, enabling the monitoring of G-agents before their rapid conversion in the body. The technique can serve for the study of very fast decay mechanisms of drugs and toxic materials in the body. (Source: Forensic Toxicology)
Source: Forensic Toxicology - December 31, 2019 Category: Forensic Medicine Source Type: research
Four cases of death involving the novel synthetic cannabinoid 5F-Cumyl-PEGACLONE
Conclusions5F-Cumyl-PEGACLONE is an emerging and extremely potent SC which raises serious public health concerns. A comprehensive analysis of circumstantial, clinical, and postmortem findings, as well as an in-depth toxicological analysis is necessary for a valid interpretation and for the assessment of the toxicological significance. (Source: Forensic Toxicology)
Source: Forensic Toxicology - December 23, 2019 Category: Forensic Medicine Source Type: research
A review on analysis methods for nerve agent hydrolysis products
ConclusionsAlthough the analysis of NA hydrolysis products has experienced a transition from qualitative analysis toward rapid and quantitative identification, portable, and fast sensing technologies have not been well established or investigated extensively. In the future, more analysis methods are expected to be developed and may involve the development of sensors and lab-on-chip devices that should address specificity, sensitivity, stability, response time, and repeatability/reproducibility. (Source: Forensic Toxicology)
Source: Forensic Toxicology - December 15, 2019 Category: Forensic Medicine Source Type: research
A novel method to distinguish β-methylphenylethylamines from isomeric α-methylphenylethylamines by liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization mass spectrometry
ConclusionsThe newly developed method was proved to be usable for discriminating among those phenylethylamines. (Source: Forensic Toxicology)
Source: Forensic Toxicology - December 10, 2019 Category: Forensic Medicine Source Type: research
A fatal case report of acute yohimbine intoxication
ConclusionOnly a very few number of yohimbine fatalities has been reported so far. In the current case, yohimbine acute intoxication appeared to be the most likely cause of death. In fact, the blood concentration highlighted here is the highest ever reported to date. (Source: Forensic Toxicology)
Source: Forensic Toxicology - December 5, 2019 Category: Forensic Medicine Source Type: research
Identification and imaging of indole-3-carboxamide cannabinoids in hair using matrix-assisted laser-desorption/ionization mass spectrometry
ConclusionsThe proposed method provides a powerful tool for drug supervision and forensic medicine analysis in a wide time window, and the sample amount required was also decreased. (Source: Forensic Toxicology)
Source: Forensic Toxicology - December 1, 2019 Category: Forensic Medicine Source Type: research
Identification of new NBOH drugs in seized blotter papers: 25B-NBOH, 25C-NBOH, and 25E-NBOH
ConclusionsTo our knowledge, this is the first report for identification and detailed characterization of 25B-NBOH, 25C-NBOH, and 25E-NBOH in seized samples. NBOH substances are not under United Nations Conventions control. The identification of seized blotter papers between 2014 and beginning of 2019 showed that NBOH substances have become the main hallucinogenic drug in the region. These group are thermolabile under gas chromatographic conditions, demanding other analytical approaches of analysis to avoid misidentifications. Unfortunately, the knowledge about toxicology of NBOHs are limited. (Source: Forensic Toxicology)
Source: Forensic Toxicology - December 1, 2019 Category: Forensic Medicine Source Type: research
