Cytotoxicity of the synthetic cannabinoids 5C-AKB48, 5F-MDMB-PINACA, ADB-CHMINACA, MDMB-CHMICA and NM-2201 in A549 and TR146 cell lines
ConclusionsThis is the first study to investigate the comparative cytotoxicity of reference standards, herbal blend extracts and smoke condensates of synthetic cannabinoids. The data showed that the presence of damiana plant contributed to enhancing the cytotoxicity of 5C-AKB48, 5F-MDMB-PINACA, and MDMB-CHMICA. The plant effects were generally more marked for smoke condensates. MDMB-CHMICA was the most potent substance. The NM-2201 reference standard and extract led to an increase i n cell viability as compared to the control. This is of special interest, because the NM-2201 herbal blend extract seemed to abrogate the e...
Source: Forensic Toxicology - April 25, 2019 Category: Forensic Medicine Source Type: research
Comments on the paper entitled “Rapid tentative identification of synthetic cathinones in seized products taking advantage of the full capabilities of triple quadrupole analyzer”
(Source: Forensic Toxicology)
Source: Forensic Toxicology - April 18, 2019 Category: Forensic Medicine Source Type: research
Strong evidence of drug-facilitated crimes by hair analysis using LC –MS/MS after micro-segmentation
ConclusionsThe combination of drug screening by LC –HR-MS and determination of the day of drug ingestion using micro-segmental analysis by sensitive LC–MS/MS would be useful for elucidating the relationship between the drug and the incident when investigating DFCs. (Source: Forensic Toxicology)
Source: Forensic Toxicology - March 26, 2019 Category: Forensic Medicine Source Type: research
Quantification of clitidine in caps and stems of poisonous mushroom Paralepistopsis acromelalga by hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography –tandem mass spectrometry
ConclusionsThis is the first report to present a detailed quantitative analysis of clitidine by MS and the distribution of clitidine in stems and caps ofP. acromelalga. This analytical method for clitidine was thought to be useful inP. acromelalga poisoning cases to identify the causative toxic mushroom. (Source: Forensic Toxicology)
Source: Forensic Toxicology - March 26, 2019 Category: Forensic Medicine Source Type: research
A new method for high-resolution and high-precision analysis of flunitrazepam and 7-aminoflunitrazepam in human body fluids using a Monolithic SPE SpinTip and UPLC –Q-ToF–MS
ConclusionsThe method was successfully applied to determine the level of flunitrazepam and its metabolites in human plasma and urine, respectively, after oral administration to a volunteer. (Source: Forensic Toxicology)
Source: Forensic Toxicology - March 19, 2019 Category: Forensic Medicine Source Type: research
Comparison of measurement methods for carboxyhemoglobin in blood samples based on visible spectra with 17 institutions
ConclusionsProcedure (4) was considered sufficiently accurate and thus recommendable for use in forensic science laboratories. (Source: Forensic Toxicology)
Source: Forensic Toxicology - March 6, 2019 Category: Forensic Medicine Source Type: research
Methylone and pentylone: structural analysis of new psychoactive substances
ConclusionVibrational circular dichroism spectroscopy seems to be the best of the methods employed to distinguish structurally similar chiral substances, especially in combination with quantum chemical calculations. According to the structural analysis, 5 and 9 stable conformers of methylone and pentylone, respectively, were revealed in an aqueous solution. Finally, very good agreement between the experimental and simulated spectra was achieved. (Source: Forensic Toxicology)
Source: Forensic Toxicology - March 1, 2019 Category: Forensic Medicine Source Type: research
Cannabidiol metabolism revisited: tentative identification of novel decarbonylated metabolites of cannabidiol formed by human liver microsomes and recombinant cytochrome P450 3A4
ConclusionsCBD was biotransformed to two decarbonylated metabolites, an enol-form (cyclopentadienol structure), and a keto-form (cyclopentenone structure) by human liver microsomes and CYP3A4. (Source: Forensic Toxicology)
Source: Forensic Toxicology - March 1, 2019 Category: Forensic Medicine Source Type: research
New-generation azaindole-adamantyl-derived synthetic cannabinoids
ConclusionsFurther investigation into receptor selectivity surrounding these bicyclic cores could prove useful for future therapeutic applications. (Source: Forensic Toxicology)
Source: Forensic Toxicology - February 28, 2019 Category: Forensic Medicine Source Type: research
Quantification of U-47700 and its metabolites: N -desmethyl-U-47700 and N , N -didesmethyl-U-47700 in 12 autopsy blood samples employing SPE/LC –ESI-MS-MS
ConclusionsThe simultaneous quantification of U-47700,N-desmethyl-U-47700 andN,N-didesmethyl-U-47700 seems very useful to confirm the cause of death and to estimate antemortem interval. To our knowledge this is the first trial to measure phase I metabolites of U-47700 in authentic human blood samples. (Source: Forensic Toxicology)
Source: Forensic Toxicology - February 26, 2019 Category: Forensic Medicine Source Type: research
Synovial fluid as an alternative specimen for quantification of drugs of abuse by GC –MS
(Source: Forensic Toxicology)
Source: Forensic Toxicology - February 22, 2019 Category: Forensic Medicine Source Type: research
Identification and structural characterization of synthetic cathinones: N -propylcathinone, 2,4-dimethylmethcathinone, 2,4-dimethylethcathinone, 2,4-dimethyl- α -pyrrolidinopropiophenone, 4-bromo- α -pyrrolidinopropiophenone, 1-(2,3-dihydro-1 H -inden-5-yl)-2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)hexan-1-one and 2,4-dimethylisocathinone
ConclusionsNew derivatives of cathinone still appear on the market, mainly due to their legal status. This situation clearly indicates and alarms that permanent recognition of the designer drug market should be conducted. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive report to fully characterize these cathinones; however, some analytical data have been published recently. (Source: Forensic Toxicology)
Source: Forensic Toxicology - February 8, 2019 Category: Forensic Medicine Source Type: research
Structure-metabolism relationships of valine and tert -leucine-derived synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists: a systematic comparison of the in vitro phase I metabolism using pooled human liver microsomes and high-resolution mass spectrometry
ConclusionsThe presented pHLM approach proved to be an effective tool for systematic investigation of SMRs. The information gained from this work may be useful for predicting potential SC metabolites for urine analysis. (Source: Forensic Toxicology)
Source: Forensic Toxicology - January 8, 2019 Category: Forensic Medicine Source Type: research
Species identification of white false hellebore ( Veratrum album subsp. oxysepalum ) by loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP)
ConclusionsThe present LAMP assay is a highly sensitive, rapid, and specific method for identifyingV. album andV. stamineum. (Source: Forensic Toxicology)
Source: Forensic Toxicology - January 7, 2019 Category: Forensic Medicine Source Type: research
Toxic by design? Formation of thermal degradants and cyanide from carboxamide-type synthetic cannabinoids CUMYL-PICA, 5F-CUMYL-PICA, AMB-FUBINACA, MDMB-FUBINACA, NNEI, and MN-18 during exposure to high temperatures
ConclusionsPeople who smoke carboxamide-type synthetic cannabinoids are likely to be exposed to a range of potentially toxic thermal degradants, including cyanide. These degradants could have significant health impacts in human users. (Source: Forensic Toxicology)
Source: Forensic Toxicology - January 1, 2019 Category: Forensic Medicine Source Type: research
