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The correlation between IL-4 polymorphisms and colorectal cancer risk in a population in Northwest China
Our aim was to investigate whether polymorphisms in the interleukin-4 (IL-4) gene are associated with the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) in a Chinese Han population. Six single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the IL-4 were genotyped by Agena MassARRAY in 248 CRC patients and 463 healthy controls. The association of IL-4 polymorphisms with CRC risk was assessed by genetic models, linkage disequilibrium, and haplotype analyses. The results suggested that the CC genotype of rs2243250 confers a lower risk of CRC in the recessive model [odds ratio (OR) =  0.42, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.19–0.92, P = 0.020]. ...
Source: European Journal of Cancer Prevention - February 4, 2020 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Research Papers: Gastrointestinal Cancer Source Type: research

Comment to: Helicobacter pylori: seroprevalence in Spain: influence of adult and childhood sociodemographic factors
No abstract available (Source: European Journal of Cancer Prevention)
Source: European Journal of Cancer Prevention - December 4, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Letters to the Editor Source Type: research

Colorectal cancer screening is misorganized in France
No abstract available (Source: European Journal of Cancer Prevention)
Source: European Journal of Cancer Prevention - December 4, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Letters to the Editor Source Type: research

A randomised controlled trial evaluating the effectiveness of Facebook compared to leaflets in raising awareness of melanoma and harmful sun-related behaviour among young adults
This study describes a randomised control trial investigating whether printed leaflets or social media are more effective in increasing knowledge of the risks of sun exposure and melanoma in people aged 18–29. The study participants were 18–29-year-old university students or graduates, recruited in London. A baseline level of knowledge was measured using the Skin Cancer and Sun Knowledge questionnaire. Study participants were then randomised into either a leaflet arm or Facebook arm. Identical information was delivered through a SunSafe campaign via either posted leaflets or Facebook during a 10-day exposure window. Fo...
Source: European Journal of Cancer Prevention - December 4, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Skin Cancer Source Type: research

Association between coffee intake and the risk of oral cavity cancer: a meta-analysis of observational studies
The association between coffee intake and the risk of oral cavity cancer has been inconsistent in previous studies. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to summarize the evidence regarding the strength of association between coffee intake and oral cavity cancer. PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library were searched to select studies on the relationship between coffee intake and oral cavity cancer conducted up to September 2018. Case–control or cohort studies and those that have reported about the effect estimates with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of oral cavity cancer according to the different categories of coffee int...
Source: European Journal of Cancer Prevention - December 4, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Oral Cancer Source Type: research

Cytopathological tests for early detection of oral carcinogenesis
The carcinogenesis in the oral cavity occurs as a multistep process and is often preceded by potentially malignant lesions. The main risk factors for the development of oral cancer are smoking and alcohol intake. The current challenge is to identify patients at greatest risk for the development of oral cancer using noninvasive and effective methods. The aim of this study is to evaluate the microsatellite mutations in the 9p21 locus, the cell proliferative activity, the pattern of epithelial desquamation, and the nucleus/cytoplasm ratio of exfoliated epithelial cells. Cytopathological samples were collected from 131 individ...
Source: European Journal of Cancer Prevention - December 4, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Oral Cancer Source Type: research

Oral potentially malignant disorders: clinical diagnosis and current screening aids: a narrative review
This article aims to provide healthcare professionals with the knowledge to identify potentially malignant disorders and to aid them in biopsy site identification. (Source: European Journal of Cancer Prevention)
Source: European Journal of Cancer Prevention - December 4, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Oral Cancer Source Type: research

Influences of two significant variants located in the ST6GAL1 3′-untranslated region on lung carcinoma susceptibility in the Chinese Han population
The aim of this study was to identify the associations of the ST6GAL1 gene 3′-untranslated region polymorphisms with lung carcinoma risk in a Chinese Han population. Three single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs; rs1042757, rs2284749, and rs2239611) in ST6GAL1 were genotyped in 322 lung carcinoma patients and 384 healthy controls. The relationships between these variants and lung cancer risk were examined by logistic regression analysis. Stratified analysis was conducted to detect the influence of these SNPs on lung carcinoma susceptibility among individuals aged younger or older than 50 years. In addition, bioinformatics ...
Source: European Journal of Cancer Prevention - December 4, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Lung Cancer Source Type: research

The impact of depression on adherence to organized and opportunistic breast cancer screening
One in five women will experience depression over her lifetime, and one out of eight will develop breast cancer. We evaluated the effect of depression on adherence to mammography in Switzerland, where opportunistic and organized screening programs coexist. We analyzed data from 3206 women aged 50–69 who participated in the Swiss Health Survey 2012. We compared mammographic rates among women with no to mild versus moderate to severe depressive symptoms. The effect of the type of screening on the odds of undertaking a mammography was calculated using multivariable logistic regression analysis. Women with moderate to severe...
Source: European Journal of Cancer Prevention - December 4, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Breast Cancer Source Type: research

Effect of metformin on the risk of prostate cancer in patients with type 2 diabetes by considering different confounding factors: a meta-analysis of observational studies
Preclinical studies have suggested the antitumorigenic properties of metformin on prostate cancer; results from epidemiological studies remain contradictory. We aim to investigate the evidence of metformin and the risk of prostate cancer. PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases were searched for eligible studies. Meta-analyses were carried out using the most fully adjusted hazard ratios and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals. Eighteen cohort studies and six case–control studies representing 2 009 504 male patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were identified. The pooled HR of prostate canc...
Source: European Journal of Cancer Prevention - December 4, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Prostate Cancer Source Type: research

The association of metabolic syndrome and its components with serum prostate-specific antigen levels
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) can increase the risk of prostate cancer. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is the marker for prostate cancer puncture screening. The aim of our study was to investigate the association between MetS and its components with PSA levels. Data were obtained from 482 943 healthy men who underwent routine health check-ups from January 2010 to December 2017. We used linear regression analysis to evaluate the effects of MetS and its components on PSA levels. To explore the cumulative effect of MetS components, analysis of variance trend analysis was carried out. The PSA levels in the group with MetS were si...
Source: European Journal of Cancer Prevention - December 4, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Prostate Cancer Source Type: research

Supplementation with phytoestrogens and insoluble fibers reduces intestinal carcinogenesis and restores ER-β expression in Apc-driven colorectal carcinogenesis
Supplementation with phytoestrogens and insoluble fibers has been reported to reduce duodenal polyps in colectomized familial adenomatous polyposis patients, with a mechanism involving, at least in part, upregulation of estrogen receptor-β subtype, whose expression is lowered during intestinal tumorigenesis. These data suggest a protective effect also in the colon, the main target organ for tumorigenesis in familial adenomatous polyposis and a major cancer type in non-familial (sporadic) cancers. Therefore, we tested whether a similar preparation might reduce tumorigenesis in the colon of Pirc rats (F344/NTac-Apcam1137) m...
Source: European Journal of Cancer Prevention - December 4, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Gastrointestinal Cancer Source Type: research

Physical activity and mortality in patients with colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies
The association between physical activity (PA) and colorectal cancer (CRC) patients’ survival is inconsistent. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to summarize published articles on this issue. We performed a comprehensive search of the PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases for relevant articles through 28 February 2018. The summary hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using a random-effects model. Eighteen prospective cohort studies were included in the meta-analysis, with a total of 9257 cases of total mortality (TM) and 4015 cases of colorectal cancer-specific mor...
Source: European Journal of Cancer Prevention - December 4, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Gastrointestinal Cancer Source Type: research

Doneness preferences, meat and meat-derived heterocyclic amines intake, and N-acetyltransferase 2 polymorphisms: association with colorectal adenoma in Japanese Brazilians
Intake of heterocyclic amines (HCAs) and other mutagenic compounds formed during cooking has been hypothesized to be responsible for the positive association observed between red meat and colorectal cancer. We evaluated whether well-done/very well-done preferences for various meat and fish items, higher intakes of meat and fish, and meat-derived and fish-derived HCA are associated with the risk of colorectal adenoma (CRA) in a Japanese–Brazilian population. We selected 302 patients with adenoma and 403 control individuals who underwent total colonoscopy between 2007 and 2013, and collected information on aspects of meat ...
Source: European Journal of Cancer Prevention - December 4, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Gastrointestinal Cancer Source Type: research

Factors associated with anal cancer screening uptake in men who have sex with men living with HIV: a cross-sectional study
Most western countries have guidelines on anal cancer screening for men who have sex with men (MSM) living with HIV. However, adherence to these guidelines has been studied poorly. This cross-sectional study reports anal cancer screening uptake and identifies the factors associated with a previous screening in MSM living with HIV in a Paris Hospital (France). A total of 410 outpatients completed a self-administered questionnaire on anal cancer screening. The median age was 50 years and the median time from HIV diagnosis was 14.2 years. Overall, 82.2% of patients were aware of anal cancer screening and, of these, 56.7% had ...
Source: European Journal of Cancer Prevention - December 4, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Gastrointestinal Cancer Source Type: research