Alternative routine for reporting chiral amphetamine test results in assessment of attention ‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder medication: experiences from 2013 to 2023
In conclusion, this study demonstrated the clinical value and utility of a new routine for reporting urinary chiral amphetamine results to differentiate adherence to ADHD medication from illicit drug use. Unlike thel/d-amphetamine ratio, it considers differences in total amphetamine concentration and urine dilution, factors that can affect the interpretation. (Source: Drug Testing and Analysis)
Source: Drug Testing and Analysis - April 11, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Anders Helander,
Annika Andersson,
Tomas Vill én Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
A direct analysis method using sheath flow probe electrospray ionisation ‐mass spectrometry (sfPESI‐MS) to detect drug residues from fingerprint forensic gel lifts
This study demonstrates the application of an ambient ionisation method, sheath flow probe electrospray ionisation-mass spectrometry (sfPESI-MS), to the direct analysis of gel-lifted fingerprints. A model drug compound (zolpidem) is successfully detected from gel-lifted prints from three different surface types: glass, metal, and paper. The surface activity-based separation associated with probe electrospray approaches is shown to resolve zolpidem ions from background phthalate species, significantly enhancing the response obtained from the gel-lifter. A depletion series experiment shows that the drug residue can be detect...
Source: Drug Testing and Analysis - April 9, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Ayoung Kim,
Paul F. Kelly,
Matthew A. Turner,
James C. Reynolds Tags: SPECIAL ISSUE ‐ RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Plasma drug screening using paper spray mass spectrometry with integrated solid phase extraction
AbstractDrug overdoses have risen dramatically in recent years. We developed a simple nontargeted method using a disposable paper spray cartridge with an integrated solid phase extraction column. This method was used to screen for ~160 fentanyl analogs, synthetic cannabinoids, other synthetic drugs, and traditional drugs of abuse in over 300 authentic overdose samples collected at emergency departments in Indianapolis. A solid phase extraction step was implemented on the paper spray cartridge to enable subnanograms per milliliter synthetic drugs screening in plasma. Analysis was performed on a quadrupole orbitrap mass spec...
Source: Drug Testing and Analysis - April 8, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Hannah Zimmerman ‐Federle,
Greta Ren,
Sarah Dowling,
Cassandra Warren,
Daniel Rusyniak,
Robert Avera,
Nicholas E. Manicke Tags: SPECIAL ISSUE ‐ RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Arecoline in buccal cells reflects Areca nut dose
We found robust relationships between a chewer'sAreca nut (AN) exposure, expressed as their average AN load, and their buccal cell arecoline levels. Therefore, we suggest buccal cell arecoline to be a reliable biomarker that reflects the extent of AN chewing. Our data are useful for future AN cessation studies and the determination of AN chewing status from studies with limited self-reported data. AbstractAreca nut (AN) is a carcinogen; its chewing cessation is, therefore, of worldwide interest. However, cessation biomarkers are lacking. We sought to establish arecoline in chewers' buccal cells (BCs) as a biomarker for AN ...
Source: Drug Testing and Analysis - April 8, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Jennifer F. Lai,
Ana Joy Mendez,
Xingnan Li,
Lynne R. Wilkens,
Thaddeus Herzog,
Adrian A. Franke Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Simultaneous quantitation and identification of intact Nandrolone phase II oxo ‐metabolites based on derivatization and inject LC–MS/(HRMS) methodology
Accurate and convenient analysis of the intact phase II oxo-metabolites of nandrolone under the provisions of WADA's TD2023IDCR was accomplished with a dilute derivatization reagent (Girard's reagent T) and inject strategy. AbstractΑ sensitive and selective derivatization and inject method for the quantification of intact nandrolone phase II oxo-metabolites was developed and validated using liquid chromatography - (tandem high resolution) mass spectrometry (LC–MS/(HRMS)). For the derivatization, Girard's reagent T (GRT) was used directly in natural urine samples and the analysis of the metabolites of interest was perfor...
Source: Drug Testing and Analysis - April 7, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Panagiotis Sakellariou,
Polyxeni Kiousi,
Michael Petrou,
Yiannis S. Angelis Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Establishing effective interpretation criteria in hair analysis to distinguish between passive and active cocaine exposure: Insights from authentic hair samples collected from professional individuals exposed to cocaine
This study advocates for a comprehensive approach in evaluating cocaine hair concentrations. This involves integrating the 500 pg/mg decision limit for cocaine with a criterion comparing wash and hair concentration. Additionally, confirming the presence of specific metabolites is crucial. This multifaceted method effectively distinguish es between environmental contamination and active cocaine usage. The research contributes significantly to refining cocaine exposure assessment in professional contexts. (Source: Drug Testing and Analysis)
Source: Drug Testing and Analysis - April 5, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Mar ía del Mar Ramírez Fernández,
Sarah M. R. Wille,
Natalie Meert,
Joy Eliaerts,
Nele Samyn Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Analytical and behavioral characterization of 1 ‐dodecanoyl‐LSD (1DD‐LSD)
This study presents analytical and pharmacological data obtained for 1-dodecanoyl-LSD (1DD-LSD), a novelN1-acylated LSD derivative. The mouse head-twitch response data confirmed that 1DD-LSD produces LSD-like effects though the increasedN1-acyl chain length led to noticeable reduction in potency (ED50 = 3.60 μmol/kg) compared to lower homologues. Abstract1-Acetyl-N,N-diethyllysergamide (1A-LSD, ALD-52) was first synthesized in the 1950s and found to produce psychedelic effects similar to those of LSD. Evidence suggests that ALD-52 serves as a prodrug in vivo and hydrolysis to LSD is likely responsible for its activity...
Source: Drug Testing and Analysis - April 4, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Pierce V. Kavanagh,
Folker Westphal,
Benedikt Pulver,
Simon P. Elliott,
Alexander Stratford,
Adam L. Halberstadt,
Simon D. Brandt Tags: SHORT COMMUNICATION Source Type: research
Cover Picture
(Source: Drug Testing and Analysis)
Source: Drug Testing and Analysis - April 3, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: COVER PICTURE Source Type: research
Issue Information
No abstract is available for this article. (Source: Drug Testing and Analysis)
Source: Drug Testing and Analysis - April 3, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: ISSUE INFORMATION Source Type: research
Wastewater surveillance to assess cocaine and methylenedioxymethamphetamine use trends during a major music festival in Brazil
This study employed the wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) strategy to investigate cocaine (COC) and ecstasy (MDMA) usage during Carnatal festival in Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. Wastewater samples were collected over the four festival days (December 12 –15, 2019), as well as during corresponding days before and after the event. The samples underwent filtration, acidification, solid-phase extraction (SPE) for pre-concentration, and analysis using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC–MS/MS) with calibrat ion using deuterated internal standards. The measured concentration ranges...
Source: Drug Testing and Analysis - March 28, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Cezar Silvino Gomes,
Diogo de Jesus Soares Freire,
Hadassa de Souza Ramos Pontes Moura,
Adriano Ot ávio Maldaner,
Francisco Ayrton Senna Domingos Pinheiro,
George Leandro Ramos Ferreira,
Matheus Leopoldo de Oliveira Miranda,
Leandro De Santis Ferr Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Endogenous nature of estra ‐4,9‐diene‐3,17‐dione in entire male horses
This paper describes the detection of endogenous dienedione in entire male horses and investigates the possible conjugation of dienedione by UPLC –MS/MS. A population study of free and glucuronide-conjugated dienedione is conducted. An in-house threshold of 30 ng/ml of free and glucuronide-conjugated dienedione in entire male horse urine samples was proposed with a risk factor of 1 in 14,269 (with a degree of freedom of 173, one outlier e xcluded by Grubb's test). AbstractEstra-4,9-diene-3,17-dione (dienedione) is an anabolic androgenic steroid (AAS) sold as a bodybuilding supplement. It is prohibited in both human and...
Source: Drug Testing and Analysis - March 27, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Helen S. M. Ho,
Emmie N. M. Ho,
Wing ‐Tak Wong Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
An LC ‐MS/MS method for the determination of drugs of abuse included THC‐COOH, EtG, and NPS, using a single hair extraction sample
A rapid method was developed involving a single 25 mg hair extraction procedure and fourLC-MS/MS methods using the same chromatographic phases and column, for the identification andquantification of commonly abused drugs and/or their metabolites, including amphetamines, cocaine,opioids, cannabinoids, THC-COOH and EtG, and new psychoactive substances as syntheticcannabinoids, phenethylamines, synthetic opioids, methylphenidate, cathinones, and tryptamines. AbstractHair analysis plays an important role in the determination of drugs of abuse in both forensic and clinical toxicology investigations. The analysis of different su...
Source: Drug Testing and Analysis - March 27, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Valentina Longo,
Giulia Stocchero,
Manuela Lucchiari,
Giovanni Michele Marchio,
Flora Donini,
Francesco Ingenito,
Lucia Bertoldi,
Lucia Pecoraro,
Adriano Anesi,
Donata Favretto Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Simultaneous detection of testosterone, nandrolone, and boldenone esters in dried blood spots for doping control in sports by liquid chromatography –tandem mass spectrometry
A simultaneous analysis methodology for 28 steroid esters (13 testosterone, nine nandrolone, and six boldenone esters) was developed using three different dried blood spots (DBSs) collected on cellulose papers and polymer. Testosterone enanthate (100 mg) was administered intramuscularly to seven participants and detected in their DBS samples even after 216 h. AbstractTestosterone, nandrolone, and boldenone, which are listed as doping substances on the World Anti-Doping Agency Prohibited List, are mostly available commercially in esterified forms. Isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS) represents a key tool for identif...
Source: Drug Testing and Analysis - March 24, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Asami Miyamoto,
Masanori Ota,
Mitsuhiko Sato,
Masato Okano Tags: SPECIAL ISSUE ‐ RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Systematic web monitoring of drug test subversion strategies in the United States
This study highlights subversion strategies used by donors. Although little evidence was provided as to the effectiveness of these strategies, this information may help guide future studies and development of specimen validity testing to minimize the impact of drug test subversion attempts. (Source: Drug Testing and Analysis)
Source: Drug Testing and Analysis - March 23, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Megan Grabenauer,
Svante Vikingsson,
Richard A. Olson,
Faith E. Lyons,
Lisa S. Davis,
Eugene D. Hayes,
Ronald R. Flegel Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Single hair analysis for gamma ‐hydroxybutyric acid—Method optimization, validation, and application
The development and validation of a method for micro-segmental single hair analysis for GHB is presented. The method was additionally applied on samples from non-users and persons with presumed GHB intake in the past. Concentrations were up to 55.2 pg GHB/segment, and concentration profiles from five single hairs were reproducible in each case. AbstractAs gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) underlies fast metabolization, its determination from hair may presumably offer a detection window superior to that of body fluids. Due to the wide range of endogenous concentration levels, the evidence of an exogenous ingestion is chall...
Source: Drug Testing and Analysis - March 22, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Christopher Wiedfeld,
Gisela Skopp,
Frank Musshoff Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
