Synthesis, characterization and differentiation of the structural isomers of valine and tert ‐leucine derived synthetic cannabinoids
Synthesis and characterization of AB-PINACA, AB-CHMINACA, MMB-FUBINACA and 5-fluoro-MDMB-PINACA and their structural isomers at the amino acid derived side chain was done using various techniques including GC –MS, GC–IRD and NMR spectroscopy. AbstractThe identification of the synthetic cannabinoids receptor agonists (SCRAs) has always posed a great challenge to drug testing laboratories with slight structural modifications aimed at evading drug legislation. In addition, the most prevalent synthetic cannabinoids have valine andtert-leucine amino acid moieties where re-arrangement of the carbon chains can result in struc...
Source: Drug Testing and Analysis - August 13, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Sui Boon Derek Sim,
Hui Zhi Shirley Lee,
Mei Ching Ong,
Shuhua Zhang,
Kheng Aik Lim,
Jong Lee Wendy Lim,
Tiong Whei Angeline Yap Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Cover Picture
(Source: Drug Testing and Analysis)
Source: Drug Testing and Analysis - August 7, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: COVER PICTURE Source Type: research
Issue Information
No abstract is available for this article. (Source: Drug Testing and Analysis)
Source: Drug Testing and Analysis - August 7, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: ISSUE INFORMATION Source Type: research
Cover Picture
(Source: Drug Testing and Analysis)
Source: Drug Testing and Analysis - August 7, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: COVER PICTURE Source Type: research
Issue Information
No abstract is available for this article. (Source: Drug Testing and Analysis)
Source: Drug Testing and Analysis - August 7, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: ISSUE INFORMATION Source Type: research
Detection of doping peptides and basic drugs in equine urine using liquid chromatography –mass spectrometry
This study describes the development and validation of methodology capable of the detection of over 50 different peptide-based doping agents, related secretagogues, quaternary ammoniu m drugs, and other challenging small molecules in equine urine following solid-phase extraction using a mixed mode weak cation exchange sorbent. Following sample extraction, the compounds were analyzed using LC–MS with chromatographic separation via a reverse phase gradient and detection via selec tive reaction monitoring following introduction to a triple-stage quadrupole mass spectrometer using positive mode electrospray ionization. Valid...
Source: Drug Testing and Analysis - August 7, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Luis Flores,
Sabine Hargrave,
Amel Clifford,
Gwendolyne Alarcio,
Benjamin C. Moeller Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Investigations into Annona fruit consumption as a potential source of dietary higenamine intake in the context of sports drug testing
In this study, however, the MRL was not exceeded at any time point. Further, the major urinary excretion of higenamine in its sulfo-conjugated form was corroborated, its stability in urine was assessed, and in the absence of reference material, higenamine sulfo-conjugates were synthesized and comprehensively characterized, suggesting the predominant presence of higenamine 7-sulfate. In addition, the option to include complementary biomarkers of diet-related higenamine intake into routine doping controls was investigated. A characteristic urinary pattern attributed to isococlaurine, reticuline, and a yet not fully character...
Source: Drug Testing and Analysis - August 2, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Ana Rubio,
Andreas Thomas,
Luisa Euler,
Hans Geyer,
Oliver Krug,
Gabriel Reis,
Monica Costa Padilha,
Henrique Marcelo Gualberto Pereira,
Renan Muniz ‐Santos,
Luiz Claudio Cameron,
Biljana Stojanovic,
Dirk Kuehne,
Andreas Lagojda,
Malcolm Do Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Detection and quantification of the metabolite Ac ‐Tβ1–14 in in vitro experiments and urine of rats treated with Ac‐Tβ4: A potential biomarker of Ac‐Tβ4 for doping tests
This study was aimed at identifying new metabolites of T β4 leucine aminopeptidase (LAP), human kidney microsomes (HKM), cultured huvec cells, and rats after administration of Tβ4 protein to develop biomarkers for detecting doping drugs in sports. A method for detecting and quantifying Ac-Tβ1 –14 was developed and validated using Q-Exactive orbitrap mass spectrometry. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) of the Ac-T β1 –14 were 0.19 and 0.58 ng/mL, respectively, and showed a good linearity (r2 = 0.9998). As a result, among the six metabolites above, Ac-Tβ1 –14, as a common metabo...
Source: Drug Testing and Analysis - July 29, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Khandoker Asiqur Rahaman,
Anca Raluca Muresan,
Md Lemon Hasan,
Yoon Ki Joung,
Hophil Min,
Junghyun Son,
Min ‐Jung Kang,
Oh‐Seung Kwon Tags: SPECIAL ISSUE ‐ RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
The complementarity of phosphatidylethanol in whole blood and ethyl glucuronide in hair as biomarkers for the monitoring of alcohol use
In this study, 2340 paired samples (of hair and venous whole blood from 1170 individuals) were analysed for EtG in hair (hEtG) and PEth 16:0/18:1 in venous whole blood. PEth 16:0/18:1 and hEtG results were subdivided into three categories according to the consensus of SoHT (hEtG) and PEth-NET (PEth): abstinence/low, moderate or excessive alcohol consumption. For hEtG analysis, 446 individuals presented abstinence/low alcohol consumption, of which 2% were classified as excessive alcohol users through PEth 16:0/18:1 analysis . This suggests excessive alcohol consumption in the weeks before sample collection. Out of 483 indiv...
Source: Drug Testing and Analysis - July 29, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Catalina Dumitrascu,
Celine Gys,
Sarah M. R. Wille,
Maria Mar Ramir éz‐Fernandéz,
Diona D'Hondt,
Alexia Van Goethem,
Babette Van Rafelghem,
Eline Baetens,
Werner Jacobs,
Hugo Neels,
Adrian Covaci,
Alexander L. N. Nuijs Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
