Investigations into Annona fruit consumption as a potential source of dietary higenamine intake in the context of sports drug testing

In this study, however, the MRL was not exceeded at any time point. Further, the major urinary excretion of higenamine in its sulfo-conjugated form was corroborated, its stability in urine was assessed, and in the absence of reference material, higenamine sulfo-conjugates were synthesized and comprehensively characterized, suggesting the predominant presence of higenamine 7-sulfate. In addition, the option to include complementary biomarkers of diet-related higenamine intake into routine doping controls was investigated. A characteristic urinary pattern attributed to isococlaurine, reticuline, and a yet not fully characterized bismethylated higenamine glucuronide was observed afterAnnona ingestion but not after supplement use, providing a promising dataset of urinary biomarkers, which supports the discrimination between different sources of urinary higenamine detected in sports drug testing programs.

Source: Drug Testing and Analysis - August 2, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Ana Rubio, Andreas Thomas, Luisa Euler, Hans Geyer, Oliver Krug, Gabriel Reis, Monica Costa Padilha, Henrique Marcelo Gualberto Pereira, Renan Muniz ‐Santos, Luiz Claudio Cameron, Biljana Stojanovic, Dirk Kuehne, Andreas Lagojda, Malcolm Do Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research