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Which type of exercise keeps you young?
Purpose of review Robust epidemiological evidence exists that lifelong regular exercise contributes to longevity. The aim of this review is to discuss recent findings regarding, which dose and type of physical activity promotes a long healthy life, free of disease. Recent findings Meeting the currently recommended amounts of leisure time physical aerobic activity of moderate intensity of at least 150 min/week provides most of the longevity benefit. However, a higher duration and intensity augments the beneficial effect on cardiovascular health and metabolism. Performing three to five times the recommended physical a...
Source: Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care - February 1, 2019 Category: Nutrition Tags: HOT TOPIC: Edited by Peter Soeters Source Type: research

Sarcopenic obesity in the ICU
Purpose of review Sarcopenic obese in older ICU patients may have a higher risk of poor recovery during and after ICU stay, which may lead to longer hospital stay and poor quality of life. In this review, causes, consequences, and nutrition strategies to combat sarcopenic obesity in the ICU are discussed. Recent findings Physical inactivity, inflammation, anabolic resistance, as well as disturbances in hormone levels are, important causes for the strongly accelerated decline in muscle mass and muscle strength in ICU patients. These causes may lead to changes in amino acid metabolism and anabolic resistance. Obese indi...
Source: Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care - February 1, 2019 Category: Nutrition Tags: NUTRITION AND THE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT: Edited by Peter J.M. Weijs and Stephen A. McClave Source Type: research

Nutrition risk screening in the ICU
Purpose of review To review recent studies that may help to identify patients in the ICU who benefit from nutrition support. Recent findings One recent controlled trial did not show any clinical benefit of nutrition support among a sample of ICU patients who were hitherto believed to benefit from nutrition support. Several recent observational studies suggest benefit of nutrition support among patients who have a high nutric score, in itself derived from an observational study. Summary Regrettably, the decision about nutrition support in ICU patients still depends on physiological reasoning: a high degree of inflam...
Source: Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care - February 1, 2019 Category: Nutrition Tags: NUTRITION AND THE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT: Edited by Peter J.M. Weijs and Stephen A. McClave Source Type: research

Nutritional support in the recovery phase of critically ill children
Purpose of review The metabolic stress response of a critically ill child evolves over time and thus it seems reasonable that nutritional requirements change during their course of illness as well. This review proposes strategies and considerations for nutritional support during the recovery phase to gain optimal (catch-up) growth with preservation of lean body mass. Recent findings Critical illness impairs nutritional status, muscle mass and function, and neurocognition, but early and high intakes of artificial nutrition during the acute phase cannot resolve this. Although (parenteral) nutrient restriction during the...
Source: Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care - February 1, 2019 Category: Nutrition Tags: NUTRITION AND THE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT: Edited by Peter J.M. Weijs and Stephen A. McClave Source Type: research

Can exercise and nutrition stimulate muscle protein gain in the ICU patient?
Purpose of review The intended purpose of nutritional and exercise interventions during ICU stay is often to limit the muscle loss associated with critical illness. Unfortunately, direct measurements of muscle protein turnover or potential surrogates have often been neglected in clinical trials. Recent findings We discuss the potential advantages and drawbacks of common outcome measures for assessing changes in muscle structure and function over time, and how temporal changes in patient physiology require consideration. There is an increasing awareness of emphasizing functional outcomes in recent clinical trials. We h...
Source: Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care - February 1, 2019 Category: Nutrition Tags: NUTRITION AND THE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT: Edited by Peter J.M. Weijs and Stephen A. McClave Source Type: research